Design and Implementation of a Modular Test Bed Platform for Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation of Electric Vehicles PDF Download
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Author: Martin Robert Kardasz Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobiles Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
Over the course of the last decade, electric vehicles have seen explosive growth and interest with public adoption and shifting research and development priorities by original equipment manufacturers towards these new powertrains. However, the development of electric vehicles remain costly due to new technologies being implemented in the vehicle with the final cost ultimately being passed down to consumers. This method of developing new products where the price does not justify the product in the eyes of consumers hinders the adoption of the next generation of environmentally friendly vehicles. To verify electric vehicle drivetrain platforms and software models, test beds with specific capability to simulate the entire vehicle are required. Currently, an abundance of valuable engineering resources are dedicated to creating full-scale test beds and full- sized vehicles for testing. Only then, at this stage in the development cycle, are drivetrain tests conducted outside of simulation models. Getting to this first level of functional testing requires using valuable time waiting for components to be designed, manufactured, validated, and installed before the system can be tested. The full-scale vehicle test bed becomes expensive, consumes a lot of space, and cannot be reconfigured easily without changing key components. Therefore, this thesis presents a systematic approach to down-scaling full-size electric vehicles' parameters and environmental conditions to a level that can be handled by a small-scale hardware-in-the-loop simulation test bed. The method for taking the results obtained from the test bed and scaling them back up to the full-size vehicle level are also examined for completion. The hardware-in-the-loop test bed is realized using a twoelectric machine system. The electric machine responsible for the electric vehicle propulsion is the traction motor and is tasked with maintaining the vehicle speed. The other electric machine, directly coupled to the first machine, is controlled by the simulation environment. This machine is the load motor which emulates the vehicle operating environment including the forces acting on the vehicle. This motor also compensates for all losses experienced by the actual hardware setup. A detailed explanation of the entire hardware-in-the-loop setup is discussed with specific details relevant to the system design. The modularity of the system, allowing each block of the setup to be easily replaced, and making the test bed highly re-configurable, is also discussed in detail.
Author: Martin Robert Kardasz Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobiles Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
Over the course of the last decade, electric vehicles have seen explosive growth and interest with public adoption and shifting research and development priorities by original equipment manufacturers towards these new powertrains. However, the development of electric vehicles remain costly due to new technologies being implemented in the vehicle with the final cost ultimately being passed down to consumers. This method of developing new products where the price does not justify the product in the eyes of consumers hinders the adoption of the next generation of environmentally friendly vehicles. To verify electric vehicle drivetrain platforms and software models, test beds with specific capability to simulate the entire vehicle are required. Currently, an abundance of valuable engineering resources are dedicated to creating full-scale test beds and full- sized vehicles for testing. Only then, at this stage in the development cycle, are drivetrain tests conducted outside of simulation models. Getting to this first level of functional testing requires using valuable time waiting for components to be designed, manufactured, validated, and installed before the system can be tested. The full-scale vehicle test bed becomes expensive, consumes a lot of space, and cannot be reconfigured easily without changing key components. Therefore, this thesis presents a systematic approach to down-scaling full-size electric vehicles' parameters and environmental conditions to a level that can be handled by a small-scale hardware-in-the-loop simulation test bed. The method for taking the results obtained from the test bed and scaling them back up to the full-size vehicle level are also examined for completion. The hardware-in-the-loop test bed is realized using a twoelectric machine system. The electric machine responsible for the electric vehicle propulsion is the traction motor and is tasked with maintaining the vehicle speed. The other electric machine, directly coupled to the first machine, is controlled by the simulation environment. This machine is the load motor which emulates the vehicle operating environment including the forces acting on the vehicle. This motor also compensates for all losses experienced by the actual hardware setup. A detailed explanation of the entire hardware-in-the-loop setup is discussed with specific details relevant to the system design. The modularity of the system, allowing each block of the setup to be easily replaced, and making the test bed highly re-configurable, is also discussed in detail.
Author: Marco J. Tavernini Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This work introduces a low-level real-time vehicle simulator with hardware-anywhere-in-the-loop (HAIL) capability. Vehicle dynamics are simulated on a high-performance workstation running a real-time operating system. The vehicle's battery pack is both modeled in simulation and interfaced externally, providing the option of establishing a baseline performance in the simulation, and then evaluating candidate battery packs against these results. This simulation test bed is applied to an electric vehicle and an unmanned underwater vehicle, two vehicle types that present very different loads to the batteries. The HAIL platform is validated against the verified simulated performance of both vehicle models, achieving an error of less than 2% across 25 trials. This paves the way for expansion to include an electric drive and dynamometer, as well as peripheral power electronics systems.
Author: Justyna Zander-Nowicka Publisher: ISBN: 9783816779742 Category : Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
Design decisions that used to be made at the code level are increasingly made at a higher level of abstraction. This shift of focus from implementation to design requires the creation of a consistent, reusable and well-documented specification model. Nowadays, about 40% of embedded system designs are within 20% of functionality expectations. This is partially attributed to the lack of an appropriate approach for functional validation. To improve hybrid system design, this dissertation presents a test method at the model level. The so-called Model-in-the-Loop for Embedded System Test (MiLEST) approach primarily employs a systematic, structured, repeatable, and abstract test specification and concentrates on automation of the test process. A signal-feature - oriented paradigm allows an abstract description of a signal and addresses the problems of the missing reference signal flows as well as systematic test data selection. Numerous signal features are identified while predefined test patterns help build the test specification. Testing then starts in the requirements phase and goes down to the test execution level. MiLEST is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow. Three case studies are presented. They correspond to component, component-in-the-loop, and integration level tests. Moreover, the quality of the resulting test models and test cases are investigated in depth.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309159474 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 251
Book Description
Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.
Author: Josep Maria Fabrega Vallès Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Development of electric vehicle architectures requires complex analysis and innovative designs in order to produce a highly efficient mode of personal transportation acceptable to the target demographic. Using computer-aided modeling and simulation has been proven to decrease the development time of conventional vehicles while increasing overall success of the product design. Computer-aided automotive development also allows a fast response to the testing and inclusion of developing technologies in individual systems. Therefore, it follows to use this technique in the research and development of electric vehicles for consumer markets. This paper presents a system level model development and simulation for an electric vehicle using the Matlab-Simulink platform and its associated process. The current state of the art technologies for electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are given to provide an introduction into the subject. Following, the project development is briefly described, detailing the specific goals for the project and the methods by which results were achieved. Next the paper discusses the analytical and simulation models for each key component as divided by the following systems: battery, charging, and traction. Model assembly and the development of a graphic user interface follows. Finally, the testing procedures for model validation, along with results, and future project works are provided.
Author: Martin Robert Kardasz
Author: Martin Robert Kardasz
Author: David Byungin Hahm
Author: Rashid Ahmed Waraich
Author: Stieven Bogaerts
Author: Marco J. Tavernini
Author: Justyna Zander-Nowicka
Author: Biljana Marinkovic
Author: National Research Council
Author: Christopher Strong
Author: Josep Maria Fabrega Vallès