Deoxynivalenol and Nivalenol in Pathogenesis of Fusarium Head Light in Wheat PDF Download

Author: Jane Gacheri Muriuki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 318

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Author: Pravin Gautam
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3640989538
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2010 in the subject Biology - Botany, grade: none, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, language: English, abstract: Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe is an economically important disease as it results in yield and quality losses of infected grain and the accumulation of mycotoxins produced by the invading fungus. Though it is well established that moisture around the anthesis period promotes FHB development and trichothecene accumulation, the role of moisture from anthesis to harvest has been largely overlooked. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of environmental factors, especially moisture, host resistance, and pathogen variation on infection, FHB disease development and mycotoxin production and accumulation in planta. The split-split-plot Field experiments were conducted in 2006-2008. Main plots were the duration of mist-irrigation after inoculation. Three wheat cultivars used as sub-plots were Alsen, 2375 and Wheaton. Sub-sub-plots were F. graminearum isolates. Plots were inoculated twice, at anthesis. FHB severity was assessed 21 dai. Visually scabby kernels, deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and nivalenol were determined on grain harvested at maturity. Additionally, in 2007 and 2008, whole heads were sampled at 0, 7, 11, 14, 21, 28 and 41 dai analyzed for mycotoxins. Severity, VSK and the DON concentration of mature grain, were significantly higher in the susceptible wheat cultivar Wheaton than in the other two cultivars examined. Although FHB severities were not significantly different in plots receiving different durations of mist irrigation, VSK were significantly lower in the treatments receiving the least amount of mist-irrigation than for treatments receiving mist-irrigation for longer periods, suggesting that extended periods of moisture promote disease development. DON was however significantly lower in the longest misting trea

Author: Kylea J. Odenbach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Abstract: Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch), is the causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB), a fungal disease of wheat and other small grain. This fungus produces a trichothecene mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON), which accumulates in infected grain. The United States Food and Drug Administration has issued a 2 ppm advisory limit for DON in unprocessed grain intended for human consumption. In this study, the effect of host resistance, growth stage at infection, and inoculum density, as well as the interactions of these factors, were evaluated on disease measures and DON content of grain under different environmental conditions. A second study, overlaid on the first, evaluated the same effects on DON and F. graminearum colonization of grain from wheat spikes asymptomatic for FHB. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split-split-split plot treatment structure, with planting date (PD) as the whole plot, wheat cultivar (CV) as the sub-plot, infection time (IT) as the sub-sub plot, and inoculum density (ID) as the sub-sub-sub plot. Main effects of CV, IT, and ID were significant in both years for DON and visual measures of disease. The greatest DON levels for the two years were seen when temperatures were cool (

Author: Denghui Xing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fusarium diseases of plants
Languages : en
Pages : 146

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Author: Kurt J. Leonard
Publisher: American Phytopathological Society
ISBN:
Category : Barley
Languages : en
Pages : 544

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The book provides a comprehensive record of current knowledge on the nature of Fusarium head blight, the damage it causes, and current research on how to control it. The book begins with a historical account of Fusarium head blight epidemics that gives context to recent attempts to control epidemics in wheat and barley. A review of pathogen taxonomy and population biology helps scientists to see relationships among head blight pathogens and other Fusarium species. The information on epidemiology included in this review also provides an understanding of the weather conditions and cultural practices that promote explosive epidemics. New information on infection processes will lead the reader to a better understanding of how to breed for resistance in wheat and barley.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128132620
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342

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Fungal Phylogenetics and Phylogenomics, Volume 100, the latest release in the Advances in Genetics series, presents users with new chapters that delve into such topics as the Advances of fungal phylogenomics and the impact on fungal systematics, Data crunching for fungal phylogenomics: insights into data collection and phylogenetic inference based on genome data for fungi, Genomic and epigenomic traits of emerging fungal pathogens, Advances in fungal gene cluster diversity and evolution, Phylogenomics of Fusarium oxysporum species complex, Phylogenomic analyses of pathogenic yeasts, and the Phylogenetics and phylogenomics of rust fungi. The series continually publishes important reviews of the broadest interest to geneticists and their colleagues in affiliated disciplines, critically analyzing future directions. Critically analyzes future directions for the study of clinical genetics Written and edited by recognized leaders in the field Presents new medical breakthroughs that are occurring as a result of advances in our knowledge of genetics

Author: Kaushal K. Shinha
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824701925
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 538

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Describes a range of mycotoxins occurring as contaminants in agricultural crops and animal products, and details the implementation of food safety regulations via governmental and international agencies. The book charts the progress made in mycotoxicology since the early 1990s. It also profiles recent advances in mycotoxin analysis methods.

Author: Richard Oliver
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323851355
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 900

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Agrios' Plant Pathology, Sixth Edition is the ultimate reference in the field. Here, Dr. Richard Oliver provides a fully updated table of contents with revised and new chapters and invited contributors from around the globe. Building on his legacy, this new edition is an essential read for students, faculty and researchers interested in plant pathology. Sections outline how to recognize, treat and prevent plant diseases and provide extensive coverage on abiotic, fungal, viral, bacterial, nematode and other plant diseases and their associated epidemiology. A large range of case studies take a deep dive into the genetics and modern management of several plant species. Updates with a new edition of Agrios’ Plant Pathology, including information on molecular techniques and biological control in plant diseases Includes numerous excellent diagrams and photographs Provides a large variety of disease examples for instructors to choose for their course Edited by a renowned expert in plant pathology, Dr. Richard Oliver

Author: Paul E. Nelson
Publisher: Penn State University Press
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Diseases caused by Fusarium and their control; The fungus Fusarium: ecology; The fungus Fusarium: genetics and cytology; The fungus Fusarium: Physiology and histopathology; The fungus Fusarium: Taxonomy.

Author: Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 0854664882
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
Fusarium disease in crops is a major concern for agricultural production worldwide. The fungi primarily target cereal crops, including wheat, maize, barley, and rice, but can also affect other plants. Fusarium species produce mycotoxins, which are toxic compounds that contaminate crops, rendering them unsuitable for consumption or feed. Written by international researchers, Fusarium – Recent Studies presents an overview of recent advances in Fusarium studies that help to understand the pathogen for effective crop management practices.