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Author: Leopoldo Bertossi Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1608457621 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
Integrity constraints are semantic conditions that a database should satisfy in order to be an appropriate model of external reality. In practice, and for many reasons, a database may not satisfy those integrity constraints, and for that reason it is said to be inconsistent. However, and most likely, a large portion of the database is still semantically correct, in a sense that has to be made precise. After having provided a formal characterization of consistent data in an inconsistent database, the natural problem emerges of extracting that semantically correct data, as query answers. The consistent data in an inconsistent database is usually characterized as the data that persists across all the database instances that are consistent and minimally differ from the inconsistent instance. Those are the so-called repairs of the database. In particular, the consistent answers to a query posed to the inconsistent database are those answers that can be simultaneously obtained from all the database repairs. As expected, the notion of repair requires an adequate notion of distance that allows for the comparison of databases with respect to how much they differ from the inconsistent instance. On this basis, the minimality condition on repairs can be properly formulated. In this monograph we present and discuss these fundamental concepts, different repair semantics, algorithms for computing consistent answers to queries, and also complexity-theoretic results related to the computation of repairs and doing consistent query answering. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Notions of Repair and Consistent Answer / Tractable CQA and Query Rewriting / Logically Specifying Repairs / Decision Problems in CQA: Complexity and Algorithms / Repairs and Data Cleaning
Author: Leopoldo Bertossi Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1608457621 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
Integrity constraints are semantic conditions that a database should satisfy in order to be an appropriate model of external reality. In practice, and for many reasons, a database may not satisfy those integrity constraints, and for that reason it is said to be inconsistent. However, and most likely, a large portion of the database is still semantically correct, in a sense that has to be made precise. After having provided a formal characterization of consistent data in an inconsistent database, the natural problem emerges of extracting that semantically correct data, as query answers. The consistent data in an inconsistent database is usually characterized as the data that persists across all the database instances that are consistent and minimally differ from the inconsistent instance. Those are the so-called repairs of the database. In particular, the consistent answers to a query posed to the inconsistent database are those answers that can be simultaneously obtained from all the database repairs. As expected, the notion of repair requires an adequate notion of distance that allows for the comparison of databases with respect to how much they differ from the inconsistent instance. On this basis, the minimality condition on repairs can be properly formulated. In this monograph we present and discuss these fundamental concepts, different repair semantics, algorithms for computing consistent answers to queries, and also complexity-theoretic results related to the computation of repairs and doing consistent query answering. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Notions of Repair and Consistent Answer / Tractable CQA and Query Rewriting / Logically Specifying Repairs / Decision Problems in CQA: Complexity and Algorithms / Repairs and Data Cleaning
Author: Monica Caniupan Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783844393125 Category : Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Databases may not always satisfy their integrity constraints (ICs). However, in most cases an important part of the data is still consistent with the ICs, and can still be retrieved through queries posed to the database. Consistent query answers are characterized as answers obtained from every minimally repaired and consistent version of the database. Database repairs can be specied as stable models of disjunctive logic programs. Consistent Query Answering (CQA) for first-order queries is translated into cautious reasoning under the stable models semantics. Using logic programs in a straightforward manner is usually inefficient. We develop optimized techniques to evaluate queries over inconsistent databases by using logic programs. We optimize the structure of programs, model computation, and evaluation of queries from them. Moreover, we propose the use of the well-founded semantics (WFS) as an alternative way to obtain consistent answers. The WFS has lower data complexity than the stable models semantics. We also extend the use of logic programs for retrieving consistent answers to aggregate queries, and we develop a repair semantics for Data Warehouses.
Author: Leopoldo Bertossi Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031018834 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
Integrity constraints are semantic conditions that a database should satisfy in order to be an appropriate model of external reality. In practice, and for many reasons, a database may not satisfy those integrity constraints, and for that reason it is said to be inconsistent. However, and most likely, a large portion of the database is still semantically correct, in a sense that has to be made precise. After having provided a formal characterization of consistent data in an inconsistent database, the natural problem emerges of extracting that semantically correct data, as query answers. The consistent data in an inconsistent database is usually characterized as the data that persists across all the database instances that are consistent and minimally differ from the inconsistent instance. Those are the so-called repairs of the database. In particular, the consistent answers to a query posed to the inconsistent database are those answers that can be simultaneously obtained from all the database repairs. As expected, the notion of repair requires an adequate notion of distance that allows for the comparison of databases with respect to how much they differ from the inconsistent instance. On this basis, the minimality condition on repairs can be properly formulated. In this monograph we present and discuss these fundamental concepts, different repair semantics, algorithms for computing consistent answers to queries, and also complexity-theoretic results related to the computation of repairs and doing consistent query answering. Table of Contents: Introduction / The Notions of Repair and Consistent Answer / Tractable CQA and Query Rewriting / Logically Specifying Repairs / Decision Problems in CQA: Complexity and Algorithms / Repairs and Data Cleaning
Author: Sergio Flesca Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461416418 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Research has deeply investigated several issues related to the use of integrity constraints on relational databases. In particular, a great deal of attention has been devoted to the problem of extracting "reliable" information from databases containing pieces of information inconsistent with regard to some integrity constraints. In this manuscript, the problem of extracting consistent information from relational databases violating integrity constraints on numerical data is addressed. Aggregate constraints defined as linear inequalities on aggregate-sum queries on input data are considered. The notion of repair as consistent set of updates at attribute-value level is exploited, and the characterization of several data-complexity issues related to repairing data and computing consistent query answers is provided. Moreover, a method for computing “reasonable” repairs of inconsistent numerical databases is introduced, for a restricted but expressive class of aggregate constraints. An extension of this method for dealing with the data repairing problem in the presence of weak aggregate constraints which are expected to be satisfied, but not required to, is presented. Furthermore, a technique for computing consistent answers of aggregate queries in the presence of a wide form of aggregate constraints is provided. Finally, extensions of the framework as well as several open problems are discussed.
Author: Ihab F. Ilyas Publisher: Morgan & Claypool ISBN: 1450371558 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 284
Book Description
This is an overview of the end-to-end data cleaning process. Data quality is one of the most important problems in data management, since dirty data often leads to inaccurate data analytics results and incorrect business decisions. Poor data across businesses and the U.S. government are reported to cost trillions of dollars a year. Multiple surveys show that dirty data is the most common barrier faced by data scientists. Not surprisingly, developing effective and efficient data cleaning solutions is challenging and is rife with deep theoretical and engineering problems. This book is about data cleaning, which is used to refer to all kinds of tasks and activities to detect and repair errors in the data. Rather than focus on a particular data cleaning task, this book describes various error detection and repair methods, and attempts to anchor these proposals with multiple taxonomies and views. Specifically, it covers four of the most common and important data cleaning tasks, namely, outlier detection, data transformation, error repair (including imputing missing values), and data deduplication. Furthermore, due to the increasing popularity and applicability of machine learning techniques, it includes a chapter that specifically explores how machine learning techniques are used for data cleaning, and how data cleaning is used to improve machine learning models. This book is intended to serve as a useful reference for researchers and practitioners who are interested in the area of data quality and data cleaning. It can also be used as a textbook for a graduate course. Although we aim at covering state-of-the-art algorithms and techniques, we recognize that data cleaning is still an active field of research and therefore provide future directions of research whenever appropriate.
Author: Joseph M. Hellerstein Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262693141 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 884
Book Description
The latest edition of a popular text and reference on database research, with substantial new material and revision; covers classical literature and recent hot topics. Lessons from database research have been applied in academic fields ranging from bioinformatics to next-generation Internet architecture and in industrial uses including Web-based e-commerce and search engines. The core ideas in the field have become increasingly influential. This text provides both students and professionals with a grounding in database research and a technical context for understanding recent innovations in the field. The readings included treat the most important issues in the database area--the basic material for any DBMS professional. This fourth edition has been substantially updated and revised, with 21 of the 48 papers new to the edition, four of them published for the first time. Many of the sections have been newly organized, and each section includes a new or substantially revised introduction that discusses the context, motivation, and controversies in a particular area, placing it in the broader perspective of database research. Two introductory articles, never before published, provide an organized, current introduction to basic knowledge of the field; one discusses the history of data models and query languages and the other offers an architectural overview of a database system. The remaining articles range from the classical literature on database research to treatments of current hot topics, including a paper on search engine architecture and a paper on application servers, both written expressly for this edition. The result is a collection of papers that are seminal and also accessible to a reader who has a basic familiarity with database systems.
Author: Henrik L. Larsen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9783790813470 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
These proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Flexible Query Answering Systems covers the whole array of fields related to users posing flexible queries and (electronic) systems producing answers. The FQAS 2000 Conference has been the premier conference focusing on one of the key issues the information society is facing, namely that of providing easy, flexible, intuitive access to information to everybody. In targeting this issue, the conference draws on several research areas such as databases, querying, information retrieval, knowledge representation, soft computing, cyberspace, multimedia systems, human-computer interaction. This volume provides a unique opportunity for researchers, developers and practitioners to explore new ideas and approaches in a multidisciplinary forum.
Author: Enela Pema Publisher: ISBN: 9781303842429 Category : Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
An inconsistent database is a database that violates one or more of its integrity constraints. In reality, violations of integrity constraints arise frequently under several different circumstances. Inconsistent databases have long posed the challenge to develop suitable tools for meaningful query answering. A principled approach for querying inconsistent databases is the consistent query answering framework. The approach suggests that the inconsistent database is left as-is, and inconsistencies are handled at query time by considering all possible repairs of the inconsistent database. In this dissertation, we study consistent query answering for conjunctive queries and primary key constraints. For this class, the problem can be coNP-complete in data complexity. We study heuristics for efficiently computing the consistent answers. Our heuristics model the consistent query answering problem with Binary Integer Programming (BIP). We develop EQUIP, a system for computing the consistent answers, which relies on fast BIP solvers to compute the consistent answers. We carry out an extensive experimental investigation that validates the effectiveness of our approach, and shows that EQUIP scales well to large databases. In addition, we study data complexity of consistent query answering, aiming to delineate the boundary between tractability and intractability. We establish a dichotomy on the data complexity of consistent answers for queries with two atoms, by giving a syntactic condition based on which, one can precisely determine the complexity as being either in P, or coNP-complete. For acyclic and self-join free conjunctive queries, we prove sufficient conditions for tractability and intractability of consistent answers. Moreover, for this class, we conjecture that there exists a dichotomy, and give a criterion for determining the complexity of each instance of the class.
Author: Mikoláš Janota Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030242587 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 438
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing, SAT 2019, held in Lisbon, Portugal, UK, in July 2019. The 19 revised full papers presented together with 7 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions. The papers address different aspects of SAT interpreted in a broad sense, including (but not restricted to) theoretical advances (such as exact algorithms, proof complexity, and other complexity issues), practical search algorithms, knowledge compilation, implementation-level details of SAT solvers and SAT-based systems, problem encodings and reformulations, applications (including both novel application domains and improvements to existing approaches), as well as case studies and reports on findings based on rigorous experimentation.
Author: Leopoldo Bertossi
Author: Leopoldo Bertossi
Author: Monica Caniupan
Author: Leopoldo Bertossi
Author: Sergio Flesca
Author: Ihab F. Ilyas
Author: Joseph M. Hellerstein
Author: Henrik L. Larsen
Author: Enela Pema
Author: Ihab F Ilyas
Author: Mikoláš Janota