Cultural Relativism; Perspectives in Cultural Pluralism PDF Download

Author: Melville Jean Herskovits
Publisher: Random House (NY)
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328

View

Book Description

Author: Derek Robbins
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1473910951
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 219

View

Book Description
"The political and academic worlds are fractured by two competing discourses: the universalism of human rights and cultural relativism. This fracture is represented by the deep separation of cultural analysis and theories of international politics. Derek Robbins in a brilliant interrogation of European thinkers from Montesquieu to Pierre Bourdieu seeks to replace cultural relativism with cultural relationism as a step towards reconciling Enlightenment universalism and anthropological insistence on cultural difference. Inter alia he reflects on the tensions between political and social science and takes up the challenge from Raymond Aron to construct a sociology of international relations. A dazzling achievement." - Bryan S. Turner, The Graduate Center, CUNY Through historical studies of some of the work of Montesquieu, Comte, Durkheim, Boas, Morgenthau, Aron and Bourdieu, Derek Robbins examines the changing and competing conceptualisations of the political and the social in the Western European intellectual tradition. He suggests that we are now experiencing a new ‘dissociation of sensibility’ in which political thought and its consequences in action have become divorced from social and cultural experience. Developing further the ideas of Bourdieu which he has presented in books and articles over the last twenty years, Robbins argues that we need to integrate the recognition of cultural difference with the practice of international politics by accepting that the ‘field’ of international political discourse is a social construct which is contingent on encounters between diverse cultures. ‘Everything is relative’ (Comte) and ‘everything is social’ (Bourdieu), not least international politics.

Author: B. Billet
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137119136
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 235

View

Book Description
Billet examines the debate between the uniform application of universal human rights and cultural relativism. Billet outlines the foundations and evolution of both schools of thought. The book also examines case studies that involve either women or children and are typically viewed by the West as violations of fundamental human rights.

Author: Luis Vivanco
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192514954
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260

View

Book Description
This new dictionary comprises more than 400 entries, providing concise, authoritative definitions for a range of concepts relating to cultural anthropology, as well as important findings and intellectual figures in the field. Entries include adaptation and kinship, scientific racism, and writing culture, providing readers with a wide-ranging overview of the subject. Accessibly written and engaging, A Dictionary of Cultural Anthropology is authored by subject experts, and presents anthropology as a dynamic and lively field of enquiry. Complemented by a global list of anthropological organizations, more than 20 figures and tables to illustrate the entries, and web links pointing to useful external sources, this is an essential text for undergraduates studying anthropology, and also serves those studying allied subjects such as archaeology, politics, economics, geography, sociology, and gender studies.

Author: Mark Dimmock
Publisher: Open Book Publishers
ISBN: 1783743913
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 200

View

Book Description
What does pleasure have to do with morality? What role, if any, should intuition have in the formation of moral theory? If something is ‘simulated’, can it be immoral? This accessible and wide-ranging textbook explores these questions and many more. Key ideas in the fields of normative ethics, metaethics and applied ethics are explained rigorously and systematically, with a vivid writing style that enlivens the topics with energy and wit. Individual theories are discussed in detail in the first part of the book, before these positions are applied to a wide range of contemporary situations including business ethics, sexual ethics, and the acceptability of eating animals. A wealth of real-life examples, set out with depth and care, illuminate the complexities of different ethical approaches while conveying their modern-day relevance. This concise and highly engaging resource is tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies, with a clear and practical layout that includes end-of-chapter summaries, key terms, and common mistakes to avoid. It should also be of practical use for those teaching Philosophy as part of the International Baccalaureate. Ethics for A-Level is of particular value to students and teachers, but Fisher and Dimmock’s precise and scholarly approach will appeal to anyone seeking a rigorous and lively introduction to the challenging subject of ethics. Tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies.

Author: Ruth Macklin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780195116328
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 310

View

Book Description
This book analyzes the debate surrounding cultural diversity and its implications for ethics. If ethics are relative to particular cultures or societies, then it is not possible to hold that there are any fundamental human rights. The author examines the role of cultural tradition, often used as a defense against critical ethical judgments, and explores key issues in health and medicine in the context of cultural diversity: the physician-patient relationship, disclosing a diagnosis of a fatal illness, informed consent, brain death and organ transplantation, rituals surrounding birth and death, female genital mutilation, sex selection of offspring, fertility regulation, and biomedical research involving human subjects. Among the conclusions the author reaches are that ethical universals exist but must not be confused with ethical absolutes. The existence of ethical universals is compatible with a variety of culturally relative interpretations, and some rights related to medicine and health care should be considered human rights. Illustrative examples are drawn from the author's experiences serving on international ethical review committees and her travels to countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, where she conducted educational workshops and carried out her own research.

Author: Marcelo Dascal
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9789004094338
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 342

View

Book Description
To what extent does cultural diversity affect the activity and the products of philosophizing? Can there be convergence of worldviews and conceptual frameworks across cultural boundaries? Can there be mutual understanding across them in spite of diversity? To what extent are the philosophies and worldviews developed in North and Latin America diverse? These and other questions prompted by the recent upsurge of relativism are tackled in original essays by philosophers and social scientists from North and Latin America.

Author: Sonia Sikka
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139497383
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 293

View

Book Description
Herder is often criticized for having embraced cultural relativism, but there has been little philosophical discussion of what he actually wrote about the nature of the human species and its differentiation through culture. This book focuses on Herder's idea of culture, seeking to situate his social and political theses within the context of his anthropology, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, theory of language and philosophy of history. It argues for a view of Herder as a qualified relativist, who combined the conception of a common human nature with a belief in the importance of culture in developing and shaping that nature. Especially highlighted are Herder's understanding of the relativity of virtue and happiness, and his belief in the impossibility of constructing a single best society. The book will appeal to a wide range of readers interested both in Herder and in Enlightenment culture more generally.

Author: Alexander Jones
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108682626
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
This volume in the highly respected Cambridge History of Science series is devoted to the history of science, medicine and mathematics of the Old World in antiquity. Organized by topic and culture, its essays by distinguished scholars offer the most comprehensive and up-to-date history of ancient science currently available. Together, they reveal the diversity of goals, contexts, and accomplishments in the study of nature in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Rome, China, and India. Intended to provide a balanced and inclusive treatment of the ancient world, contributors consider scientific, medical and mathematical learning in the cultures associated with the ancient world.

Author: Jane K. Cowan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521797351
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 276

View

Book Description
Part I: Setting universal rights