Cryptocurrency and State Sovereignty - Comprehensive Review of Bitcoin, Blockchain, and Virtual Currency Technology, Hash Functions, Merkle Trees, and PDF Download

Author: U. S. Military
Publisher: Independently Published
ISBN: 9781720107545
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 104

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Book Description
Since Bitcoin's release in late 2008, the cryptocurrency has grown and proven itself as a disruptive technology, resistant to sovereign law and international financial regulations, and an alternative to the sovereign state's concept of fiat money. The Wild West nature of cryptocurrency has enabled a number of individuals, criminal organizations, terrorist groups, and sovereign states to use Bitcoin, among other cryptocurrencies, to avoid detection, interference, or punishment from regulatory agencies to commit actions such as money laundering, trafficking narcotics, purchasing weapons, and bypassing international sanctions. This study addresses the disruptive nature of cryptocurrency by asking what legislative options are available to sovereign states to maximize the effectiveness of sovereign laws while limiting undesired cryptocurrency use. To tackle this question, this study breaks down the legislative actions countries may take into three categories

Author: Warwick Powell
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000648400
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102

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Book Description
China, Trust and Digital Supply Chains presents a critical reflection on blockchain technologies in the context of their adoption in China and the world that China is engaged in and shaping. Approaching the issues of blockchain technology adoption and development on China’s own terms is critical if policy makers and others are to make effective sense of one of the key dynamics shaping the next few decades of the global landscape. The work challenges the ‘trust’ trope that dominates much discussion of blockchain technology’s application. It argues, contrary to the predominant trust trope, that blockchain is not about trust at all. It shows that China’s re-imagining of the 21st century global order is premised on driving intensified cross-border economic interactions without the presupposition of trust, and blockchain technology makes that possible. It also explores the paradox of technological decentralisation being taken up with vigour by a centralist polity, the role of blockchain technology as a critical condition of existence for the successful globalisation of China’s digital currency initiative, and the need to devise governance institutions that are multilateral in nature, to reflect the multi-polar nature of decentralised information systems with domestic and cross-border permutations. This book is of significant interest to readers of political economy, public policy, blockchain technology and Chinese studies.

Author: Rosario Girasa
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319785095
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
The book highlights the rise of Bitcoin, which is based on blockchain technology, and some of the many types of coins and tokens that emerged thereafter. Although Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have made national and international news with their dramatic rise and decline in value, nevertheless the underlying technology is being adopted by both industry and governments, which have noted the benefits of speed, cost efficiency, and protection from hacking. Based on numerous downloaded articles, laws, cases, and other materials, the book discusses the digital transformation, the types of cryptocurrencies, key actors, and the benefits and risks. It also addresses legal issues of digital technology and the evolving U.S. federal regulation. The varying treatment by individual U.S. states is reviewed together with attempts by organizations to arrive at a uniform regulatory regime. Both civil and criminal prosecutions are highlighted with an examination of the major cases that have arisen. Whether and how to tax cryptocurrency transactions both in the U.S. and internationally are analyzed, and ends with a speculative narrative of future developments.

Author: Hanna Halaburda
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030889319
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 223

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Book Description
Over the last few years, we have witnessed an upsurge of enthusiasm about cryptocurrencies and, more generally, the so-called blockchain technology. In this new and updated edition, the authors explore what exactly these new technologies entail and promise. They argue that to understand the potential challenges and further developments in the market, one needs to develop an understanding of what needs these innovations fulfill and what business models are consistent with their use. For that, we need to sufficiently understand both the technology and how it affects the economic forces at play. This book goes beyond the headlines that say “blockchain will decentralize everything” and provides in-depth, rigorous analysis of what can be effectively decentralized and how this decentralization will work. The book draws not only on the general knowledge of digital currencies and blockchain technologies, but also on recent academic research on the topic. Featuring a fully updated chapter on cryptocurrencies and new chapters on smart contracts and enterprise blockchains, this book is critical reading for those interested in how technology developments impact business and society.

Author: Mr.S.Syed Ibrahim
Publisher: Leilani Katie Publication
ISBN: 936348839X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 217

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Book Description
Mr.S.Syed Ibrahim, Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.S.Perumal, Professor and Head, Department of Computer Science, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.S.Mohamed Iliyas, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. Mr.K.Vara Prasada Rao, Sr.Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, The ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education (IFHE), Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Dr.A.Bharathi, Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.U.Hemamalini, Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Author: Aleksandra Bal
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403501049
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Book Description
The emergence of convertible decentralized virtual currency schemes confronts tax authorities with unprecedented questions, among them are the status of virtual currency for tax purposes, which virtual transactions may bene?t from a VAT exemption and determining the most optimal method of tax regulation. This ?rst book-length treatment of this major current topic provides an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the tax implications of virtual currency transactions. Seeking to ascertain whether virtual currency requires additional regulation or whether the law as it stands is adequate to administer its usage, the analysis not only thoroughly explains the nature of the underlying blockchain technology and its regulatory and judicial treatment so far but also identi?es best practices for virtual currency transactions and makes recommendations for the improvement of the existing tax systems. Among the aspects of the phenomenon covered are the following: – particular aspects of virtual currency use such as smart contracts and initial coin offerings; – comparative review of income tax consequences of virtual currency transactions in Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States; – VAT/sales tax treatment of transactions involving virtual currency in the European Union and the United States; – methodology for creating an effective regulatory framework for the taxation of virtual currency; and – the future of blockchain. The book has three parts and an annex that describes tax regulations, administrative rulings and court decisions concerning virtual currency in twenty countries. In its in-depth analysis of tax implications of virtual currency transactions in major economies, detailed overview of recent tax developments that affect virtual currency transactions and evaluation of tax policies related to virtual currencies, this book has no peers. Especially in view of the OECD's examination of the tax challenges presented by the digital economy as part of its base erosion and pro?t shifting (BEPS) project, this clear and comprehensive explanation of the functioning of virtual currency and blockchain technology will be welcomed by tax administration of?cials and by persons mining and transacting in virtual currencies needing to know their compliance obligations.

Author: Quinn DuPont
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1509520279
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185

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Book Description
From their shadowy origins in Bitcoin to their use by multinational corporations, cryptocurrencies and blockchains are remaking the rules of digital media and society. Meanwhile, regulators, governments, and the public are trying to make sense of it all. In this accessible book, Quinn DuPont guides readers through the changing face of money to show how blockchain technology underpins new forms of value exchange and social coordination. He introduces cryptocurrency and blockchain technology to readers in terms of their developers and users, investment opportunities and risks, changes to politics and law, social and industrial applications - and what this all means for the new economy. The author argues throughout that, rather than being a technical innovation, cryptocurrencies and blockchains are social technologies enabling developers and users to engage in unprecedented experiments with social and political levers. Cryptocurrencies and Blockchains dispenses with hype and offers sober reflection on this crucial and timely topic. It is essential reading for students and scholars of culture, politics, media, and the economy, as well as anyone who wants to understand, take part in, or change the future of work and society.

Author: Dr.S.Rasheed Mansoor Ali
Publisher: SK Research Group of Companies
ISBN: 9364926846
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 197

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Book Description
Dr.S.Rasheed Mansoor Ali, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.

Author: Lian Yuming
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811607575
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 245

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Book Description
This book presents a general framework analysis of sovereignty in blockchain based on the concept of blockchain technology, and specifically discusses the three theoretical foundations of sovereignty in blockchain: data sovereignty theory, social trust theory, and smart contract theory. It also explores the evolution of laws concerning data and digital rights, how to build trust mechanisms for digital rights transactions, as well as contract signing and the implementation of digital rights transactions.

Author: Dr. Mukta Makhija
Publisher: Leilani Katie Publication
ISBN: 819685675X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 170

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Book Description
Dr. Mukta Makhija, Professor, Assistant Dean - IT, Head - Research and Innovation Cell, Department of Computer Applications, Integrated Academy of Management and Technology((INMANTEC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Dr.PM.Shanthi, Assistant Professor, Information Technology, J.J.College of Arts and Science, Bharathidasan University, Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr. R. Rajesh, Assistant Professor, Head & IIC President, PG and Research Department of Computer Science, Kaamadhenu Arts and Science College, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.S.Ashok Kumar, Professor, Department of Cyber Security, Institute of Computer Science and Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering (Saveetha University), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.C.Govindasamy, Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering - SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.