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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
The layered architecture based on OSI model has been widely used in wired networks. Due to the dynamics of wireless medium and the node mobility, many special problems appear in wireless networks, which prevent the conventional layered architecture from functioning optimally in wireless environment. In this thesis, we study the wireless networks from different perspectives. Our objective is to systematically develop network protocols and architecture to address various limitations of wireless systems by assuming a cross-layer approach. Firstly, we develop an energy consumption model for wireless ad hoc networks. In existing work, transmission power is commonly used to represent energy consumption cost. In this study, we analyze possible energy consumptions in physical layer, MAC layer (such as signaling packets), and upper layers (such as end-to-end retransmission), and propose more accurate models to capture the energy consumption cost due to different factors. Secondly, based on the energy consumption model, we design an energy efficient routing protocol. The existing energy efficient routing protocols only focus on the search of the most energy efficient path. However, there are many problems in these protocols, including broadcast storm issue, long setup delay, and poor performance in mobility scenario. In this study, we propose an efficient method for estimating the accurate link cost, a quick path searching scheme to find the energy efficient path, and an efficient maintenance scheme to adjust the path according to the environment. Thirdly, we perform the cross-layer design for multiple-channel multiple-interface network to improve the throughput. Current MAC and routing protocols are mainly developed for only one channel and the existing wireless devices are equipped with only one wireless interface. In this study, we design a unified MAC and routing framework to exploit the benefits enabled by the multiple channels to improve the capacity of ad hoc networks. Our joint channel assignment and routing scheme searches for an efficient transmission path, while taking into account the limited number of channels/interfaces, local topology information, and link rate diversity. Our scheduling scheme at MAC layer coordinates transmissions within the vicinity over a short time scale to maximize channel usage and avoid collision among nodes sharing the same channel. The scheduling scheme complemented with prioritized transmitting will also coordinate interface switching to avoid unnecessary switching delay, support load balancing, reduce the broadcast delay and further improve throughput in a multi-channel multi-interface environment.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
The layered architecture based on OSI model has been widely used in wired networks. Due to the dynamics of wireless medium and the node mobility, many special problems appear in wireless networks, which prevent the conventional layered architecture from functioning optimally in wireless environment. In this thesis, we study the wireless networks from different perspectives. Our objective is to systematically develop network protocols and architecture to address various limitations of wireless systems by assuming a cross-layer approach. Firstly, we develop an energy consumption model for wireless ad hoc networks. In existing work, transmission power is commonly used to represent energy consumption cost. In this study, we analyze possible energy consumptions in physical layer, MAC layer (such as signaling packets), and upper layers (such as end-to-end retransmission), and propose more accurate models to capture the energy consumption cost due to different factors. Secondly, based on the energy consumption model, we design an energy efficient routing protocol. The existing energy efficient routing protocols only focus on the search of the most energy efficient path. However, there are many problems in these protocols, including broadcast storm issue, long setup delay, and poor performance in mobility scenario. In this study, we propose an efficient method for estimating the accurate link cost, a quick path searching scheme to find the energy efficient path, and an efficient maintenance scheme to adjust the path according to the environment. Thirdly, we perform the cross-layer design for multiple-channel multiple-interface network to improve the throughput. Current MAC and routing protocols are mainly developed for only one channel and the existing wireless devices are equipped with only one wireless interface. In this study, we design a unified MAC and routing framework to exploit the benefits enabled by the multiple channels to improve the capacity of ad hoc networks. Our joint channel assignment and routing scheme searches for an efficient transmission path, while taking into account the limited number of channels/interfaces, local topology information, and link rate diversity. Our scheduling scheme at MAC layer coordinates transmissions within the vicinity over a short time scale to maximize channel usage and avoid collision among nodes sharing the same channel. The scheduling scheme complemented with prioritized transmitting will also coordinate interface switching to avoid unnecessary switching delay, support load balancing, reduce the broadcast delay and further improve throughput in a multi-channel multi-interface environment.
Author: Xiaohua Jia Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3540322760 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 1154
Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN 2005, held in Wuhan, China in December 2005. The volume also contains 12 papers of the MSN workshop on Modeling and the Security in the Next Generation Mobile Information Systems (MSNG 2005). The 112 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 512 submissions. The papers address all current topical areas in mobile ad hoc and sensor networks such as network architecture and protocols, software platforms and development tools, self-organization and synchronization, routing and data dissemination, failure resilience and fault isolation, energy management, data, information, and signal processing, security and privacy, network planning, provisioning, and deployment, network modeling and performance evaluation, developments and applications, as well as integration with other systems.
Author: Rashvand, Habib F. Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1466609613 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 656
Book Description
Although the existing layering infrastructure--used globally for designing computers, data networks, and intelligent distributed systems and which connects various local and global communication services--is conceptually correct and pedagogically elegant, it is now well over 30 years old has started create a serious bottleneck. Using Cross-Layer Techniques for Communication Systems: Techniques and Applications explores how cross-layer methods provide ways to escape from the current communications model and overcome the challenges imposed by restrictive boundaries between layers. Written exclusively by well-established researchers, experts, and professional engineers, the book will present basic concepts, address different approaches for solving the cross-layer problem, investigate recent developments in cross-layer problems and solutions, and present the latest applications of the cross-layer in a variety of systems and networks.
Author: Mohamed Ibnkahla Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 135183570X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 428
Book Description
Adaptive techniques play a key role in modern wireless communication systems. The concept of adaptation is emphasized in the Adaptation in Wireless Communications Series through a unified framework across all layers of the wireless protocol stack ranging from the physical layer to the application layer, and from cellular systems to next-generation wireless networks. Adaptation and Cross Layer Design in Wireless Networks is devoted to adaptation in the data link layer, network layer, and application layer. The book presents state-of-the-art adaptation techniques and methodologies, including cross-layer adaptation, joint signal processing, coding and networking, selfishness in mobile ad hoc networks, cooperative and opportunistic protocols, adaptation techniques for multimedia support, self –organizing routing, and tunable security services. It presents several new theoretical paradigms and analytical findings which are supported with various simulation and experimental results. Adaptation in wireless communications is needed in order to achieve high capacity and ubiquitous communications. The current trend in wireless communication systems is to make adaptation dependent upon the state of the relevant parameters in all layers of the system. Focusing on simplified cross layer design approaches, this volume describes advanced techniques such as adaptive resource management, adaptive modulation and coding, 4G communications, QoS, diversity combining, and energy and mobility aware MAC protocols. The first volume in the series, Adaptive Signal Processing in Wireless Communications (cat no.46012) covers adaptive signal processing at the physical layer.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9781109249194 Category : Wireless communication systems Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Wireless networks differ from their wired counterparts in that communication between nodes takes place over a "link" using an RF, acoustic, optical, or other signal transmitted through the air or water instead of, as their name implies, a wire. This difference changes the frequency of transmission errors from extremely rare to almost constant, and introduces inter-node interference as a significant problem. Wireless networks are typically more limited than wired networks in terms of bandwidth, computational ability, power, and centralized management. Efficient handling of transmission errors and reducing interference are thus vital in maximizing network performance. This dissertation addresses two separate aspects of wireless networks with a common theme of low overhead, local coordination between nodes, and often using inferences or even informed guesses to make decisions. To address the problem of transmission errors, we study two medium access control (MAC) protocols that use minimal-overhead, local coordination schemes to allow cooperation between neighboring nodes: one with and one without a cooperation-enabled physical layer. To address the problem of interference, we study two closely related MAC protocols that use local coordination between neighboring nodes to build an interference-free transmission schedule, for (1) supporting latency-sensitive applications over long routes in mesh networks, and (2) increasing channel utilization and energy efficiency in underwater acoustic networks. Our first work focuses on mobile ad hoc networks where if any link in a route fails, multiple fruitless attempts are currently made by most of the existing MAC protocols to use the failed link before reporting failure to the routing layer and/or attempting local recovery. The high frequency of link errors between mobile nodes requires rapid recovery to provide acceptable performance. We design CIFLER, a cross-layer approach which uses enhanced channel reservation messages to allow alternate nodes to immediately elect themselves using only inferred neighbor information. This self-election avoids reliance on individual links, and uses diversity to minimize the impact frequent link errors have on delay, energy efficiency, and the functioning of upper layer protocols. We show via both analysis and simulation that CIFLER provides better performance in typical MANET scenarios. Unlike other local recovery schemes, CIFLER uses only a minor modification to IEEE 802.11 DCF, does not suffer from duplicated messages, allows neighboring nodes to almost immediately learn the information needed to assist in the recovery of existing routes, and does not require additional hardware, delays, or control messages. Our second work applies the same concept of inferred neighbor information to cooperative communications, where the signals of simultaneous transmissions by multiple nodes constructively combine in the wireless medium. Studies on the physical layer capabilities (via either information theory or numerical analysis) have shown the significant performance improvements of cooperative communications. However, these studies ignore both the overheads incurred in real implementations of the cooperative techniques at the physical layer and their interactions with higher layer protocols in a networking context. We implement a path-centric MAC protocol that uses minimal control messages to reserve a multi-hop path between source and destination nodes, and perform coordination between relay nodes. We then realistically study the performance of cooperation in networking scenarios by taking into account overheads incurred at the physical, MAC, and network layers. Simulations demonstrate that significant performance improvement can be achieved by employing cooperation. We also demonstrate the overheads which challenge the effectiveness of such schemes in real networks. Our third work deals with the issue of interference and transmission scheduling in mesh networks, where links are generally reliable if no interference is present. In current wireless networks, access to the shared wireless medium is controlled via either a TDMA- or a CSMA-based scheme. While usable in single-hop networks, these techniques are often far from optimal, and result in significant per-hop and per-packet delay and jitter, making multi-hop wireless mesh networks a particularly harsh environment for real-time, isochronous applications such as VoIP. We present a new time-based MAC protocol, FLASHR, for wireless mesh networks carrying delay-sensitive isochronous traffic. In our scheme, nodes use simple local coordination mechanisms to form adaptive transmission schedules which attain the desired quality of service. Simulations show that our scheme achieves near-optimal capacity, minimal jitter, and a weaker correlation between route length and end-to-end delay. Our final work adapts the FLASHR MAC protocol for use in underwater acoustic networks. A time-based MAC has potential advantages over FDMA and CDMA approaches in terms of hardware simplicity, energy efficiency, and delay. Unfortunately, the channel utilization of existing TDMA and CSMA acoustic MAC protocols is generally low due to the long propagation delays of acoustic signals. We argue that several ideas taken from RF protocols, including exclusive channel access, are either unnecessary in acoustic networks or must be redefined. We design UW-FLASHR, a modification to FLASHR which uses additional local control messages to create a time-based MAC protocol for acoustic networks which does not require centralized control, tight clock synchronization, or accurate propagation delay estimation. Our results show that UWFLASHR achieves higher channel utilization than the maximum utilization possible with existing time-based exclusive-access MAC protocols, particularly when the ratio of propagation delay to transmission delay is high, or data payloads are small.
Author: Muhammad Zeeshan Shakir Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319275682 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 446
Book Description
This book investigates energy management approaches for energy efficient or energy-centric system design and architecture and presents end-to-end energy management in the recent heterogeneous-type wireless network medium. It also considers energy management in wireless sensor and mesh networks by exploiting energy efficient transmission techniques and protocols. and explores energy management in emerging applications, services and engineering to be facilitated with 5G networks such as WBANs, VANETS and Cognitive networks. A special focus of the book is on the examination of the energy management practices in emerging wireless cellular and ad hoc networks. Considering the broad scope of energy management in wireless cellular and ad hoc networks, this book is organized into six sections covering range of Energy efficient systems and architectures; Energy efficient transmission and techniques; Energy efficient applications and services.
Author: Ramjee Prasad Publisher: Artech House ISBN: 1607839741 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 487
Book Description
Based on cutting-edge research projects in the field, this book (part of a comprehensive 4-volume series) provides the latest details and covers the most impactful aspects of mobile, wireless, and broadband communications development. These books present key systems and enabling technologies in a clear and accessible manner, offering you a detailed roadmap the future evolution of next generation communications. Other volumes cover Networks, Services and Applications; Reconfigurability; and Ad Hoc Networks.
Author: Uysal, Murat Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1605666661 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 632
Book Description
Offers practitioners, researchers, and academicians with fundamental principles of cooperative communication. This book provides readers diverse findings and exposes underlying issues in the analysis, design, and optimization of wireless systems.
Author: Leonidas Georgiadis Publisher: Now Publishers Inc ISBN: 1933019263 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 161
Book Description
Information flow in a telecommunication network is accomplished through the interaction of mechanisms at various design layers with the end goal of supporting the information exchange needs of the applications. In wireless networks in particular, the different layers interact in a nontrivial manner in order to support information transfer. In this text we will present abstract models that capture the cross-layer interaction from the physical to transport layer in wireless network architectures including cellular, ad-hoc and sensor networks as well as hybrid wireless-wireline. The model allows for arbitrary network topologies as well as traffic forwarding modes, including datagrams and virtual circuits. Furthermore the time varying nature of a wireless network, due either to fading channels or to changing connectivity due to mobility, is adequately captured in our model to allow for state dependent network control policies. Quantitative performance measures that capture the quality of service requirements in these systems depending on the supported applications are discussed, including throughput maximization, energy consumption minimization, rate utility function maximization as well as general performance functionals. Cross-layer control algorithms with optimal or suboptimal performance with respect to the above measures are presented and analyzed. A detailed exposition of the related analysis and design techniques is provided.
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Author: 
Author: Xiaohua Jia
Author: Yang Song
Author: Rashvand, Habib F.
Author: Mohamed Ibnkahla
Author: 
Author: Muhammad Zeeshan Shakir
Author: Ramjee Prasad
Author: Uysal, Murat
Author: Leonidas Georgiadis