Author: Raymond Virgil SmithPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Helium
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
Critical Two-phase Flow for Cryogenic Fluids
Author: Raymond Virgil SmithPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Helium
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
NBS Technical Note
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physical instruments
Languages : en
Pages : 136
Book Description
Two-phase Choked Flow of Cryogenic Fluids in Converging-diverging Nozzles
Author: Robert J. SimoneauPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Liquid hydrogen
Languages : en
Pages : 94
Book Description
Data are presented for the two phase choked flow of three cryogenic fluids - nitrogen, methane, and hydrogen - in four converging-diverging nozzles. The data cover a range of inlet stagnation conditions, all single phase, from well below to well above the thermodynamic critical conditions. In almost all cases the nozzle throat conditions were two phase. The results indicate that the choked flow rates were not very sensitive to nozzle geometry. However, the axial pressure profiles, especially the throat pressure and the point of vaporization, were very sensitive to both nozzle geometry and operating conditions. A modified Henry-Fauske model correlated all the choked flow rate data to within + or - 10 percent. Neither the equilibrium model nor the Henry-Fauske model predicted throat pressures well over the whole range of data. Above the thermodynamic critical temperature the homogeneous equilibrium model was preferred for both flow rate and pressure ratio. The data of the three fluids could be normalized by the principle of corresponding states.
Catalog of National Bureau of Standards Publications, 1966-1976
Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards. Technical Information and Publications DivisionPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 854
Book Description
Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications, Cumulative Index
Author: United States. Superintendent of DocumentsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 1408
Book Description
Catalog of National Bureau of Standards Publications, 1966-1976: pt. 1-2. Key word index
Author: United States. National Bureau of StandardsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 844
Book Description
Catalog of National Bureau of Standards Publications, 1966-1976
Author: United States. National Bureau of StandardsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 844
Book Description
Miniature Joule-Thomson Cryocooling
Author: Ben-Zion MaytalPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441982841
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
This book is the first in English being entirely dedicated to Miniature Joule-Thomson Cryocooling. The category of Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocoolers takes us back to the roots of cryogenics, in 1895, with figures like Linde and Hampson. The "cold finger" of these cryocoolers is compact, lacks moving parts, and sustains a large heat flux extraction at a steady temperature. Potentially, they cool down unbeatably fast. For example, cooling to below 100 K (minus 173 Celsius) might be accomplished within only a few seconds by liquefying argon. A level of about 120 K can be reached almost instantly with krypton. Indeed, the species of coolant plays a central role dictating the size, the intensity and the level of cryocooling. It is the JT effect that drives these cryocoolers and reflects the deviation of the "real" gas from the ideal gas properties. The nine chapters of the book are arranged in five parts. •The Common Principle of Cyrocoolers shared across the broad variety of cryocooler types •Theoretical Aspects: the JT effect and its inversion, cooling potential of coolants, the liquefaction process, sizing of heat exchangers, level of pressurization, discharge of pressure vessels • Practical Aspects: modes of operation (fast cooldown, continuous, multi-staging, hybrid cryocoolers), pressure sources, configuration, construction and technologies, flow adjustment, MEMS, open and closed cycle, cooldown process and similarity, transient behavior • Mixed Coolant cryocooling: theory, practice and applications • Special Topics: real gas choked flow rates, gas purity, clog formation, optimal fixed orifice, modeling, cryosurgical devices, warming by the inverse JT effect The theoretical aspects may be of interest not only to those working with cryocoolers but also for others with a general interest in "real" gas thermodynamics, such as, for example, the inversion of the JT effect in its differential and integral forms, and the exceptional behavior of the quantum gases. A detailed list of references for each chapter comprises a broad literature survey. It consists of more than 1,200 relevant publications and 450 related patents. The systematically organized content, arranged under a thorough hierarchy of headings, supported by 227 figures and 41 tables, and accompanied by various chronological notes of evolution, enables readers a friendly interaction with the book. Dr. Ben-Zion Maytal is a Senior Researcher at Rafael-Advanced Defense Systems, Ltd., and an Adjunct Senior Teaching Fellow at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Prof. John M. Pfotenhauer holds a joint appointment in the Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Physics at the University of Wisconsin - Madison.
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 840
Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Current Awareness Service
Author: Cryogenic Data CenterPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Low temperature engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 12
Book Description