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Book Description
La conservation ou l'extraction d'une dent dans un projet de réhabilitation prothétique est une problématique que tout praticien rencontre dans son exercice quotidien. La prise en compte d'une éventuelle prothèse (fixe ou amovible) doit être mise en relation avec les critères cliniques propres à chaque patient afin de garantir à la dent pilier une pérennité sur le long terme. Ce travail de thèse va dans un premier temps s'intéresser aux dents piliers puis dans un second temps aux différents critères à prendre en considération dans la prise de décision, à savoir, l'extraction ou la conservation d'une dent. Enfin, sera abordé le développement de l'intelligence artificielle ayant permis l'apparition de systèmes d'aide à la prise de décision dont la justesse de diagnostic s'affine de plus en plus. La conservation ou l'extraction d'une ou plusieurs dents résulte donc d'un cheminement complexe et individualisé où chaque élément présente son importance. Chaque praticien fera donc son choix en fonction de ses compétences et de son expérience, mais la possibilité d'utiliser des critères et/ou outils objectifs et universels à l'aide de logiciels d'aide à la décision pourrait permettre d'éviter certaines erreurs diagnostiques.
Book Description
La conservation ou l'extraction d'une dent dans un projet de réhabilitation prothétique est une problématique que tout praticien rencontre dans son exercice quotidien. La prise en compte d'une éventuelle prothèse (fixe ou amovible) doit être mise en relation avec les critères cliniques propres à chaque patient afin de garantir à la dent pilier une pérennité sur le long terme. Ce travail de thèse va dans un premier temps s'intéresser aux dents piliers puis dans un second temps aux différents critères à prendre en considération dans la prise de décision, à savoir, l'extraction ou la conservation d'une dent. Enfin, sera abordé le développement de l'intelligence artificielle ayant permis l'apparition de systèmes d'aide à la prise de décision dont la justesse de diagnostic s'affine de plus en plus. La conservation ou l'extraction d'une ou plusieurs dents résulte donc d'un cheminement complexe et individualisé où chaque élément présente son importance. Chaque praticien fera donc son choix en fonction de ses compétences et de son expérience, mais la possibilité d'utiliser des critères et/ou outils objectifs et universels à l'aide de logiciels d'aide à la décision pourrait permettre d'éviter certaines erreurs diagnostiques.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309170435 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 241
Book Description
Having safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.
Author: Edward Sacher Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9813225696 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 491
Book Description
The contents of this book touch on the all major dental biomaterials: polymers, composites, ceramics and metals. The first part introduces the readers to the surface physicochemical and mechanical characterizations at the nanoscopic level, and the use of finite element analysis. The second part discusses dental adhesion, resin-based composites, polymerization contraction stress, impression materials and soft liners for total prosthesis. The third part deals with ceramics in restorative dentistry: zirconia and lithium disilicate, the fractography of dental ceramics, as well as bioglass for bone growth. The fourth part discusses the toxicity of mercury in dentistry, and the use of preventive materials for dental diseases. The concluding part identifies imminent techniques for dental biomaterials, such as additive manufacturing (3D printing), and bioprinting in dentistry.
Author: Gerald G. Moy Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9781493939091 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Unless a food is grossly contaminated, consumers are unable to detect through sight or smell the presence of low levels of toxic chemicals in their foods. Furthermore, the toxic effects of exposure to low levels of chemicals are often manifested slowly, sometimes for decades, as in the case of cancer or organ failure. As a result, safeguarding food from such hazards requires the constant monitoring of the food supply using sophisticated laboratory analysis. While the food industry bears the primary responsibility for assuring the safety of its products, the overall protection of people’s diets from chemical hazards must be considered one of the most important public health functions of any government. Unfortunately, many countries do not have sufficient capability and capacity to monitor the exposure of their populations to many potentially toxic chemicals that could be present in food and drinking water. Without such monitoring, public health authorities in many countries are not able to identify and respond to problems posed by toxic chemicals, which may harm their population and undermine consumer confidence in the safety of the food supply. From a trade perspective, those countries that cannot demonstrate that the food they produce is free of potentially hazardous chemicals will be greatly disadvantaged or even subject to sanctions in the international marketplace. The goal of a total diet study (TDS) is to provide basic information on the levels and trends of exposure to chemicals in foods as consumed by the population. In other words, foods are processed and prepared as typical for a country before they are analyzed in order to better represent actual dietary intakes. Total diet studies have been used to assess the safe use of agricultural chemicals (e.g., pesticides, antibiotics), food additives (e.g., preservatives, sweetening agents), environmental contaminants (e.g., lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, PCBs, dioxins), processing contaminants (e.g., acrylamide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chloropropanols), and natural contaminants (e.g., aflatoxin, patulin, other mycotoxins) by determining whether dietary exposure to these chemicals are within acceptable limits. Total diet studies can also be applied to certain nutrients where the goal is to assure intakes are not only below safe upper limits, but also above levels deemed necessary to maintain good health. International and national organizations, such as the World Health Organization, the European Food Safety Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration recognize the TDS approach as one of the most cost-effective means of protecting consumers from chemicals in food, for providing essential information for managing food safety, including food standards, and for setting priorities for further investment and study. Total Diet Studies introduces the TDS concept to a wider audience and presents the various steps in the planning and implementation of a TDS. It illustrates how TDSs are being used to protect public health from chemicals in the food supply in many developed and developing countries. The book also examines some of the applications of TDSs to specific chemicals, including contaminants and nutrients.
Author: John Henry Lorentz Publisher: Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 570
Book Description
Provides an overview of specific events, movements, people, political and social groups, places, trends, and chronology. Allows for considerable exploration of a number of historical and contemporary topics and issues. The modern period, defined as 1800-present, is covered extensively.
Author: Daniël Olmen Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110609878 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 271
Book Description
Linguistic variation is a topic of ongoing interest to the field. Its description and its explanations continue to intrigue scholars from many different backgrounds. By taking a deliberately broad perspective on the matter, covering not only crosslinguistic and diachronic but also intralinguistic and interspeaker variation and examining phenomena ranging from negation over connectives to definite articles in well- and lesser-known languages, the volume furthers our understanding of variation in general. The papers offer new insights into, among other things, the theoretical notion of comparative concepts, the social or mental nature of language structure, the areal factor in lexical typology and the diachronic implications of semantic maps. The collection will thus be of relevance to typologists and historical linguists, as well as to people studying variation within the areas of cognitive and functional linguistics.
Author: Pierre Schaeffer Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 0520967461 Category : Music Languages : en Pages : 614
Book Description
The Treatise on Musical Objects is regarded as Pierre Schaeffer’s most important work on music and its relationship with technology. Schaeffer expands his earlier research in musique concrète to suggest a methodology of working with sounds based on his experiences in radio broadcasting and the recording studio. Drawing on acoustics, physics, and physiology, but also on philosophy and the relationship between subject and object, Schaeffer’s essay summarizes his theoretical and practical work in music composition. Translators Christine North and John Dack present an important book in the history of ideas in Europe that will resonate far beyond electroacoustic music.
Author: Raphaël Daunas
Author: Raphaël Daunas
Author: Fanny Giusti
Author: National Research Council
Author: Edward Sacher
Author: Michel Chion
Author: Gerald G. Moy
Author: John Henry Lorentz
Author: Daniël Olmen
Author: Marvin J. Fine
Author: Pierre Schaeffer