Crime and Community Opportunity PDF Download

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309467136
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 409

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Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.

Author: Sanjay Marwah
Publisher: LFB Scholarly Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270

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Author: Ph.D., Derek J. Paulsen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466588713
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 209

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The form and layout of a built environment has a significant influence on crime by creating opportunities for it and, in turn, shaping community crime patterns. Effective urban planners and designers will consider crime when making planning and design decisions. A co-publication with the American Planning Association, Crime and Planning:

Author: Per-Olof H. Wikström
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139460218
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 325

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Integration of disciplines, theories and research orientations has assumed a central role in criminological discourse yet it remains difficult to identify any concrete discoveries or significant breakthroughs for which integration has been responsible. Concentrating on three key concepts: context, mechanisms, and development, this volume aims to advance integrated scientific knowledge on crime causation by bringing together different scholarly approaches. Through an analysis of the roles of behavioural contexts and individual differences in crime causation, The Explanation of Crime seeks to provide a unified and focused approach to the integration of knowledge. Chapter topics range from individual genetics to family environments and from ecological behaviour settings to the macro-level context of communities and social systems. This is a comprehensive treatment of the problem of crime causation that will appeal to graduate students and researchers in criminology and be of great interest to policy-makers and practitioners in crime policy and prevention.

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Financial Services
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Financial Services
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Banks and banking
Languages : en
Pages : 560

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Author: Mangai Natarajan
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351570706
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 616

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Opportunity theories of crime seek to explain the occurrence of crime rather than simply the existence of criminal dispositions. They emphasize the fundamental element in the criminal act of opportunity: how this arises, how it is perceived, evaluated and acted on by those with criminal dispositions. This volume brings together influential research articles on opportunity theories of crime by leading theorists such as Cohen and Felson on routine activity theory and Clarke and Cornish on the bounded rational choice perspective. The articles also include more recent theoretical developments and studies of situational crime prevention of specific twenty-first century crimes. These articles attest to the sheer volume as well to as the richness and the variety of work designed to reduce crime that has forever changed the face of criminology and criminal justice.

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foreclosure
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Federal aid to law enforcement agencies
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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