Credit, Investments and the Macroeconomy PDF Download

Author: Marco Mazzoli
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521584116
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Book Description
This book relates the literatures of finance, industrial economics and investment to the theoretical framework of the 'credit view'. Firstly it is assumed that banks' decisions concerning their assets are seen as at least as relevant as their decisions concerning their liabilities. Secondly, securities and bank credit are considered to be highly imperfect substitutes. In this regard it is important to investigate the way industrial and financial sectors interact. In particular, how is the macroeconomy affected by the phenomenon of 'securitization' and by exogenous changes in the industrial structure of the credit market. The interactions between real and financial sectors are also analysed from the point of view of the industrial firm, in a model where the investment and financial decisions of the firm are taken simultaneously.

Author: Sudipto Bhattacharya
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780199243068
Category : Credit
Languages : en
Pages : 934

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Book Description
Developments in theories of financial markets and institutions, using the tools of the economics of uncertainty and of contracts, as well as results in game theory, have, over the last two decades, constituted an exciting and burgeoning field of research. This collection of readings drawstogether highlights of the 'second generation' literature in this area, emphasizing the theoretical, institutional, and policy-oriented regulatory implications of some of the key modelling techniques in the field.The collection divides into seven sections covering the monitoring role of banks and other intermediaries; liquidity demand and the role of banks and the government; bank runs and financial crises; bank regulation; inter-bank competition and bank--firm relationships; comparative financial systems;and imperfect credit markets and the macroeconomy. Each section comprises four articles previously published in top-ranking economics and finance journals, plus a discussion by a prominent scholar, who provides a synthesis and critique of the literature, and suggests promising directions for futureresearch and application of results.

Author: Mr.Marco Arena
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484356861
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 47

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Book Description
Using a comprehensive database on bank credit, covering 135 developing countries over the period 1960–2011, we identify, document, and compare the macro-economic dynamics of credit booms across low- and middle-income countries. The results suggest that while the duration and magnitude of credit booms is similar across country groups, macro-economic dynamics differ somewhat in low-income countries. We further find that surges in capital inflows are associated with credit booms. Moreover, credit booms associated with banking crises exhibit distinct macroeconomic dynamics, while also reflecting a potentially large deviation of credit from country fundamentals. These results suggest that low-income countries should remain mindful of the inter-linkages between financial liberalization, increased cross-border banking activities, and rapid credit growth.

Author: Alexander Herman
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513516442
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41

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Book Description
This paper exploits the Financial Accounts of the United States to derive long time series of bank and nonbank credit to different sectors, and to examine the cyclical behavior of these series in relation to (i) the long-term business cycle, (ii) recessions and recoveries, and (iii) systemic financial crises. We find that bank and nonbank credit exhibit different dynamics throughout the business cycle. This diverging cyclical behavior of output and bank and nonbank credit argues for placing greater emphasis on sector-specific macroprudential measures to contain risks to the financial system, rather than using interest rates to address any vulnerabilities. Finally, we examine the role of bank and nonbank credit in the creation of financial interconnections and illustrate a method to conduct macro-financial stability assessments.

Author: Gary B. Gorton
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691227020
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 209

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Book Description
How financial crises are inherent features of macroeconomic dynamics There are no bigger disruptions in the functioning of economies than financial crises. Yet prior to the crash of 2007–2008, macroeconomics incorporated financial crises simply as bad shocks, like earthquakes, failing to consider them as an intrinsic phenomenon of the evolution of macroeconomic variables, such as credit, investment, and productivity. Macroeconomics and Financial Crises rethinks how technological change, credit booms, and endogenous information production combine to generate financial crises as inherent and recurrent reactions to macroeconomic dynamics. Gary Gorton and Guillermo Ordoñez identify short-term debt, collateral, and information as common elements that are present in all financial crises. Short-term debt is a critical element for storing value over short periods without fear of loss, but there needs to be collateral backing the debt. Critically, the collateral should be such that no agent wants to produce information about its quality. The debt backed by such collateral is information-insensitive. Gorton and Ordoñez argue that, during a credit boom, as more and more firms get loans, the economy reaches a tipping point where information production becomes too tempting, disrupting short-term debt and cutting most firms out of the credit market. Showing how a financial crisis is an information event triggered by the dynamics of macroeconomic variables, Macroeconomics and Financial Crises provides new perspectives on the intricate relations between macroeconomics and financial crises.

Author: Mr.Jorge Roldos
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451922779
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 26

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Book Description
In this paper we explore some of the informational problems that constrain the development of credit markets in transition economies. We characterize investment patterns under uncertainty and high costs of entry, when agents learn about the ultimate value of enterprises through production in a Bayesian way. Inefficiencies due to the lack of public information reduce the average return to capital. Under asymmetric information, credit would go to activities that can provide enough co-finance. Credit markets may fail to develop for a while if there is not enough individual wealth to complement credit. Once they operate, credit markets may magnify distortions in equity markets, such as those due to spontaneous privatization. An argument for the sequencing of capital market liberalization is provided.

Author: Ms.Mwanza Nkusu
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451848447
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Book Description
This paper examines the impact of interest rates and inflation on bank loans and investment within a framework that mimics the financial sectors prevailing in most low-income developing countries. The paper emphasizes the importance of treating the lending and deposit rates of interest as distinct parameters in investment equations. The spread between the two rates is indicative of default risk and has a negative impact on incremental loan amounts associated with higher lending rates, in particular in economies with flawed institutions. The model presented in the paper highlights the importance of promoting macroeconomic stability and upgrading institutions and informational infrastructure.

Author: Philippe Aghion
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199248613
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 159

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Book Description
An original work containing new theory and empirical analyses on the macropolicy of growth. Provides a new approach capable of generating relevant policy prescriptions. Written in an accessible style using simple models.

Author: Tamim A. Bayoumi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bank assets
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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Book Description
This paper develops a framework for analyzing macro-financial linkages in the United States. We estimate the effects of a negative shock to banks' capital/asset ratio on lending standards, which in turn affect consumer credit, mortgages, and corporate loans, and the corresponding components of private spending (consumption, residential investment and business investment). In addition, our empirical model allows for feedback from spending and income to bank capital adequacy and credit. Hence, we trace the full credit cycle. An exogenous fall in the bank capital/asset ratio by one percentage point reduces real GDP by some 1 1/2 percent through its effects on credit availability, while an exogenous fall in demand of 1 percent of GDP is gradually magnified to around 2 percent through financial feedback effects.

Author: Mr.Jose De Gregorio
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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Book Description
This paper addresses the growth, welfare, and distributional effects of credit markets. We construct a general equilibrium model where human capital is the engine of growth and individuals differ in their education abilities. We argue that the existence of credit markets encourages specialization, by which individuals choose during their youth to work or to receive formal education. This specialization unambiguously increases growth and welfare. The model also shows that in economies with high (low) average level of education abilities, the opening of credit markets induces a more disperse (equal) income distribution.