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Author: Pavel Harnych Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659409974 Category : Languages : en Pages : 96
Book Description
The extent of credit denominated in a foreign currency has been a hot issue in the Central and Eastern Europe since the advent of the Great Recession in 2008, as the risk associated with previous boom of FX loans has materialized. Therefore, this book examines several topics related to this phenomenon. Is the exchange rate regime or credibility of the central bank a main driver of credit euroization? Which obstacles for monetary policy stem from a large FX indebtedness? Is there a significant relation between pre-crisis FX credit growth on one hand, and the GDP growth, surge in non-performing loans or sovereign CDS spreads on the other? These are the main questions which the author answers in his book. Additionally, the author chose Hungary for his case study, as this country's experience perfectly illustrates how a combination of a loose fiscal and monetary policy as well as banks' lax lending practices can lead to a serious distress in the economy. A welfare impact of recent government schemes designed to mitigate surging FX debt burden to households is also estimated and related to debtors taking out a loan in domestic currency.
Author: Pavel Harnych Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659409974 Category : Languages : en Pages : 96
Book Description
The extent of credit denominated in a foreign currency has been a hot issue in the Central and Eastern Europe since the advent of the Great Recession in 2008, as the risk associated with previous boom of FX loans has materialized. Therefore, this book examines several topics related to this phenomenon. Is the exchange rate regime or credibility of the central bank a main driver of credit euroization? Which obstacles for monetary policy stem from a large FX indebtedness? Is there a significant relation between pre-crisis FX credit growth on one hand, and the GDP growth, surge in non-performing loans or sovereign CDS spreads on the other? These are the main questions which the author answers in his book. Additionally, the author chose Hungary for his case study, as this country's experience perfectly illustrates how a combination of a loose fiscal and monetary policy as well as banks' lax lending practices can lead to a serious distress in the economy. A welfare impact of recent government schemes designed to mitigate surging FX debt burden to households is also estimated and related to debtors taking out a loan in domestic currency.
Author: International Monetary Fund Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1455201138 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
In the past decade, most of the EU New Member States experienced a severe credit-boom bust cycle. This paper argues that the credit boom-bust cycle was to a large extent the result of factors external to the region (“bad luck”). Rapid credit growth followed from a high liquidity in global markets and the particular attractiveness of “new Europe” for capital flows, while the end of the credit cycle was brought about by a global crisis. However, the fact that some countries managed to avoid most of the excesses, including asset price bubbles and foreign exchange lending, suggests that policies and policy failures (“bad policies”)—in particular overly expansionary macroeconomic settings and excessively optimistic views on prudential risks—also have played a critical role.
Author: Ms.Nan Geng Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1484345266 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 29
Book Description
Financial “euroization”—or “dollarization” outside of Central and Eastern Europe—is typically analyzed as a singular phenomenon that can be traced to a common set of factors. This paper argues that two types of euroization need to be distinguished, which have different causes, economic consequences, and policy implications: carry trade euroization that emerges when households and corporations seek to exploit interest rate differentials between foreign currency loans and local currency deposits, and deposit-driven euroization that is rooted in distrust in the local currency as a savings vehicle. We present a theoretical framework that sketches key features of both euroization types, and test it with data from 28 Emerging European and Central Asian economies.
Author: Lucio Vinhas De Souza Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1403938687 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 261
Book Description
This collection analyses the monetary and exchange rate strategies of the EU accession countries during the EMU (pre-) accession phase and also policy questions that will appear upon Euroarea entry. Written by specialists in the field, it is a must-read for all economists with an interest in the rapidly evolving economies of the future EU member states.
Author: G. Roland Publisher: Springer ISBN: 0230361838 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 465
Book Description
The twentieth anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall saw many reflect on the political, economic and social changes of recent years. The legacy of communism and the economic prospects of post-communist countries are rigorously analysed in this stimulating study of the long term consequences of transition.
Author: Jeffry A. Frieden Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 1400865344 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 318
Book Description
The politics surrounding exchange rate policies in the global economy The exchange rate is the most important price in any economy, since it affects all other prices. Exchange rates are set, either directly or indirectly, by government policy. Exchange rates are also central to the global economy, for they profoundly influence all international economic activity. Despite the critical role of exchange rate policy, there are few definitive explanations of why governments choose the currency policies they do. Filled with in-depth cases and examples, Currency Politics presents a comprehensive analysis of the politics surrounding exchange rates. Identifying the motivations for currency policy preferences on the part of industries seeking to influence politicians, Jeffry Frieden shows how each industry's characteristics—including its exposure to currency risk and the price effects of exchange rate movements—determine those preferences. Frieden evaluates the accuracy of his theoretical arguments in a variety of historical and geographical settings: he looks at the politics of the gold standard, particularly in the United States, and he examines the political economy of European monetary integration. He also analyzes the politics of Latin American currency policy over the past forty years, and focuses on the daunting currency crises that have frequently debilitated Latin American nations, including Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil. With an ambitious mix of narrative and statistical investigation, Currency Politics clarifies the political and economic determinants of exchange rate policies.
Author: International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept. Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 145196806X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
World Economic Outlook Update, IMF's Future role Debated, Poor Countries Face Crisis Impact, Eastern Europe's Currency Risk, Interview with Hamad Al Suwaidi, Mideast-Central Asia Outlook, Pacific Islands Face Pressures, Interview with IMF Statistics Director, News Briefs.
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1475546955 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
KEY ISSUES 2014 marked the tenth anniversary of accession to the EU of the first group of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The first NMS Policy Forum was launched in the fall of 2014 as a platform for discussing policy frameworks and issues relevant for non-euro area NMS. It brought together representatives of the six CEE countries that are EU members but are not yet in the euro area - Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania (NMS-6), as well as the ECB, the European Commission and the IMF. Discussions focused on four themes: Euro adoption: A once sizeable country risk premium associated with joining the euro area has mostly vanished, as the euro crisis has exposed flaws in the euro area’s institutional framework. Further, the crisis has illustrated both risks and benefits from adoption: monetary autonomy has proven helpful for absorbing shocks, while foreign currency mismatches—that can be much reduced with euro adoption—have shown to be a key vulnerability. Flexible labor markets, fiscal and macro-prudential policy space, and income convergence are prerequisites for successful adoption. Opting into the Banking Union (BU) before euro adoption: The lack of equal (or fully equivalent) treatment of the BU members and non-euro area opt-ins—regarding their role in the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), as well as access to common liquidity and fiscal backstops—makes opting into the BU before euro adoption less attractive. Countries that would benefit most from early opt-in are those that see the BU as a way to enhance the quality and credibility of bank supervision or to gain access to larger industry-funded common backstops. The EU’s fiscal framework and pension reform: In the wake of the crisis, many NMS abolished second pillar pension funds. Further reforms to the EU’s fiscal framework are warranted to remove disincentives for setting up and maintaining second pension pillars and, more generally, for structural reforms. Making the most of the EU single market and EU Services Directive: Structural reforms to strengthen human capital, skills match, labor market efficiency, and foreign investment environment will help NMS to reap full benefits from EU integration. Further liberalization of trade in services will likely benefit the NMS-6 more than other EU members.
Author: Anders Åslund Publisher: Peterson Institute ISBN: 088132602X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 159
Book Description
Latvia stands out as the East European country hardest hit by the global financial crisis; it lost approximately 25 percent of its GDP between 2008 and 2010. It was also the most overheated economy before the crisis. But in the second half of 2010, Latvia returned to economic growth. How did this happen so quickly? Current Latvian Prime Minister Valdis Dombrovskis, who shepherded Latvia through the crisis, and renowned author Anders slund discuss why the Latvian economy became so overheated; why an IMF and European Union stabilization program was needed; what the Latvian government did to resolve the financial crisis and why it made these choices; and what the outcome has been. This book offers a rare insider's look at how a national government responded to a global financial crisis, made tough choices, and led the country back to economic growth.
Author: Pavel Harnych
Author: Pavel Harnych
Author: International Monetary Fund
Author: José Borrell Fontelles
Author: Ms.Nan Geng
Author: Lucio Vinhas De Souza
Author: G. Roland
Author: Jeffry A. Frieden
Author: International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Author: Anders Åslund