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Author: P. A. Kammer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Steel Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
Weldment cracking is a broad complex field. Even if one considers only cracking of steel weldments, the problems range from cracking at temperatures near the solidus during welding to cracking at room temperature days, weeks, or months after welding is completed. Numerous reports of investigations in this field are contained in the published and unpublished literature. However, most of these reports cover only a particular problem in a specific area of the broad field of weldment cracking. This review attempts to cover the major aspects of the entire field of weldment cracking. Necessarily, the review is for the most part general, only being specific in a few instances to illustrate a point. (Author).
Author: P. A. Kammer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Steel Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
Weldment cracking is a broad complex field. Even if one considers only cracking of steel weldments, the problems range from cracking at temperatures near the solidus during welding to cracking at room temperature days, weeks, or months after welding is completed. Numerous reports of investigations in this field are contained in the published and unpublished literature. However, most of these reports cover only a particular problem in a specific area of the broad field of weldment cracking. This review attempts to cover the major aspects of the entire field of weldment cracking. Necessarily, the review is for the most part general, only being specific in a few instances to illustrate a point. (Author).
Author: Norman Bailey Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 9781855730144 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
A comprehensive guide to avoiding hydrogen cracking which serves as an essential problem-solver for anyone involved in the welding of ferritic steels. The authors provide a lucid and thorough explanation of the theoretical background to the subject but the main emphasis throughout is firmly on practice.
Author: Thomas Böllinghaus Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319284347 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 502
Book Description
This is the fourth volume in the well-established series of compendiums devoted to the subject of weld hot cracking. It contains the papers presented at the 4th International Cracking Workshop held in Berlin in April 2014. In the context of this workshop, the term “cracking” refers to hot cracking in the classical and previous sense, but also to cold cracking, stress-corrosion cracking and elevated temp. solid-state cracking. A variety of different cracking subjects are discussed, including test standards, crack prediction, weldability determination, crack mitigation, stress states, numerical modelling, and cracking mechanisms. Likewise, many different alloys were investigated such as aluminum alloys, copper-aluminum dissimilar metal, austenitic stainless steel, nickel base alloys, duplex stainless steel, creep resistant steel, and high strength steel.
Author: Steven A. Gedeon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
The stress intensity which causes crack propagation in high strength steel weldments was quantified as a function of the hydrogen content at the crack location. This relationship was used to assess previously proposed theoretical hydrogen assisted cracking mechanisms. It was found that the microplasticity theory of Beachem can best describe how the stress intensity factor and hydrogen content affect the modes of intergranular, quasi-cleavage, and microvoid coalescence fracture. Implant test results were analyzed with the aid of fracture mechanics to determine the stress intensity associated with various modes of fracture. Diffusible weld hydrogen results were analyzed with the aid of hydrogen distribution model developed by Coe and Chano to determine the amount of hydrogen present at the crack location at the time of fracture. Keywords: High strength steel, Welding, Implant tests, Hydrogen embrittlement, Cracking (fracturing, Stress intensity. (jes).
Author: P. A. Kammer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Martensitic stainless steel Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
Recent studies of the developments in welding steels with yield strengths greater than 150 ksi have included low-alloy martensitic steels, medium-alloy martensitic steels, nickel maraging steels, and bainitic steels. Only weldments from medium-alloy martensitic steels and nickel maraging steels have mechanical properties approaching those of the base plate without a complete postweld heat treatment. The most serious problem with the other steel is low toughness in the weld fusion zone. Adequate weld metal toughness under conditions of elastic strain can be obtarined over the entire 150 to 225 ksi yield-strength range only if the tungsten-arc welding process is used. Processes with higher deposition rates can produce comparable weld deposits only in the lower portion of the range. Above a yield strength of 200 ksi, 18Ni maraging steel weldments have the best combination of strength and toughness. Below 200 ksi, the HP 9-4-25 medium-alloy martensitic steel and 12Ni maraging steel weldments have nearly equal properties.
Author: John C. Lippold Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118230701 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 418
Book Description
Describes the weldability aspects of structural materials used in a wide variety of engineering structures, including steels, stainless steels, Ni-base alloys, and Al-base alloys Welding Metallurgy and Weldability describes weld failure mechanisms associated with either fabrication or service, and failure mechanisms related to microstructure of the weldment. Weldability issues are divided into fabrication and service related failures; early chapters address hot cracking, warm (solid-state) cracking, and cold cracking that occur during initial fabrication, or repair. Guidance on failure analysis is also provided, along with examples of SEM fractography that will aid in determining failure mechanisms. Welding Metallurgy and Weldability examines a number of weldability testing techniques that can be used to quantify susceptibility to various forms of weld cracking. Describes the mechanisms of weldability along with methods to improve weldability Includes an introduction to weldability testing and techniques, including strain-to-fracture and Varestraint tests Chapters are illustrated with practical examples based on 30 plus years of experience in the field Illustrating the weldability aspects of structural materials used in a wide variety of engineering structures, Welding Metallurgy and Weldability provides engineers and students with the information needed to understand the basic concepts of welding metallurgy and to interpret the failures in welded components.
Author: Koichi Masubuchi Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483188434 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 655
Book Description
Analysis of Welded Structures: Residual Stresses, Distortion, and their Consequences encompasses several topics related to design and fabrication of welded structures, particularly residual stresses and distortion, as well as their consequences. This book first introduces the subject by presenting the advantages and disadvantages of welded structures, as well as the historical overview of the topic and predicted trends. Then, this text considers residual stresses, heat flow, distortion, fracture toughness, and brittle and fatigue fractures of weldments. This selection concludes by discussing the effects of distortion and residual stresses on buckling strength of welded structures and effects of weld defects on service behavior. This book also provides supplementary discussions on some related and selected subjects. This text will be invaluable to metallurgists, welders, and students of metallurgy and welding.
Author: P. A. Kammer
Author: P. A. Kammer
Author: Herbert W. Mishler
Author: Kunihiko Satoh
Author: Norman Bailey
Author: Thomas Böllinghaus
Author: Steven A. Gedeon
Author: P. A. Kammer
Author: Seishin Kirihara
Author: John C. Lippold
Author: Koichi Masubuchi