Covid-19 Airway Management and Ventilation Strategy for Critically Ill Older Patients PDF Download

Author: Nicola Vargas
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030556212
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 206

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Book Description
This book describes the issues and challenges that clinicians encountered in the management of older critically ill patients during the Covid-19 pandemic, and offers practical information on how to manage them. Older adults are more susceptible to complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a result of viral pneumonia. In addition, they often have multiple comorbidities and are commonly frail, which means their various organs and systems, such as the respiratory system, have reduced functional reserves. As such, older adults are less able to react to acute stressors. During the current Covid-19 pandemic, older adult patients' mortality is increased. Further, the infection and death rates of elderly people in nursing homes and health care institutions are high. Management of older adults with Covid is complicated. The reduced availability of beds may limit their access to ICU. Moreover, the prognosis may be poor, and airway management and ventilation strategies have to take into account various clinical and physiological characteristics specific to older patients. This book is addressed to all allied professionals involved in the management of older critically ill patients and presents information collected and practical lessons learned from the clinical daily management of this population during the pandemic.

Author: Denise Battaglini
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030949923
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
This book provides healthcare professionals in Critical Care setting an easy consultation guide to fight against COVID-19. The book is divided into sections: Fundamentals of COVID-19, Pneumological critical care, Neurological manifestations, Cardiovascular manifestations, Renal manifestations, Haemostasis and coagulation, Other multi-organs involvement, Principles of therapy. Each section includes: · brief pathophysiology of COVID-19 (ventilation, neurological, cardiovascular, etc.); · principles of management (enriched with flowcharts and figures); · principles of therapy; · tips and key messages. Readers can find the most updated advices on how to face the ongoing pandemic: from principles of conventional oxygen therapy, assisted and invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill COVID-19 patients to the complications sometimes underestimated. Tables and flowcharts provided are based on current knowledge in COVID-19 to help the clinician managing COVID-19 patients by a multiple-organs prospective. Written by international key opinion leaders of each field, the book represents a point of reference for all professionals involved in the management of COVID-19 pandemic.

Author: Marie Louise de Hesselle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, large numbers of elderly, multimorbid people required treatment in intensive care units. This study investigated how the inherent patient factors age and comorbidity burden affected the treatment strategy and the outcome achieved. Retrospective analysis of data from intensive care patients enrolled in the Lean European Open Survey on SARS-CoV2-Infected Patients (LEOSS) cohort found that a patient's age and comorbidity burden in fact influenced their mortality rate and the use of ventilation therapy. Evidence showed that advanced age and multimorbidity were associated with the restrictive use of invasive ventilation therapies, particularly ECMO. Geriatric patients with a high comorbidity burden were clustered in the sub-cohort of non-ventilated ICU patients characterized by a high mortality rate. The risk of death generally increased with older age and accumulating comorbidity burden. Here, the more aggressive an applied procedure, the younger the age in which a majority of patients died. Clearly, geriatric, multimorbid COVID-19 patients benefit less from invasive ventilation therapies. This implies the need for a holistic approach to therapy decisions, taking into account the patient's wishes

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549554
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
"Hypoxaemia is a major contributor to child deaths that occur worldwide each year; for a child with pneumonia hypoxaemia increases the risk of death by up to 5 times. Despite its importance in virtually all types of acute severe illness, hypoxaemia is often not well recognized or well managed, more so in settings where resources are limited. Oxygen therapy remains an inaccessible luxury for a large proportion of severely ill children admitted to hospitals in developing countries. This is particularly true for patients in small district hospitals, where, even if some facility for delivering oxygen is available, supplies are often unreliable and the benefits of treatment may be diminished by poorly maintained, inappropriate equipment or poorly trained staff with inadequate guidelines. Increasing awareness of these problems is likely to have considerable clinical and public health benefits in the care of severely ill children. Health workers should be able to know the clinical signs that suggest the presence of hypoxaemia and have more reliable means of detection of hypoxeamia. This can be achieved through more widespread use of pulse oximetry, which is a non-invasive measure of arterial oxygen saturation. At the same time oxygen therapy must be more widely available; in many remote settings, this can be achieved by use of oxygen concentrators, which can run on regular or alternative sources of power. Having effective systems for the detection and management of hypoxaemia are vital in reducing mortality from pneumonia and other severe acute illnesses. Oxygen therapy is essential to counter hypoxaemia and many times is the difference between life and death. This manual focuses on the availability and clinical use of oxygen therapy in children in health facilities by providing the practical aspects for health workers, biomedical engineers, and administrators. It addresses the need for appropriate detection of hypoxaemia, use of pulse oximetry, clinical use of oxygen and delivery systems and monitoring of patients on oxygen therapy. In addition, the manual addresses practical use of pulse oximetry, and oxygen concentrators and cylinders in an effort to improve oxygen systems worldwide."--Publisher's description.

Author: Antonio M. Esquinas
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319492520
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This book is the first to describe a practical evidence-based approach to the management of critically ill obese patients with various medical or postoperative respiratory problems in the intensive care unit. In brief, the book aims to identify the best strategy and present clinical recommendations for different circumstances, to establish indications for and contraindications to noninvasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and to offer clear guidance on weaning from mechanical ventilation and on respiratory care. Causes of acute respiratory failure in the obese patient are discussed, and advice is offered on the prevention and management of complications during mechanical ventilation and on moving and feeding critically ill obese patients. Long-term outcomes, ethical issues, and health care costs are also addressed. The multidisciplinary approach, with contributions from international experts in different specialties, ensures that the book will be of interest to a range of health professionals involved in critical care, including intensivists, anesthesiologists, and pulmonologists.

Author: Elisha Waldman
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190066539
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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Book Description
As humanitarian aid organizations have evolved, there is a growing recognition that incorporating palliative care into aid efforts is an essential part of providing the best care possible. A Field Manual for Palliative Care in Humanitarian Crises represents the first-ever effort at educating and providing guidance for clinicians not formally trained in palliative care in how to incorporate its principles into their work in crisis situations. Written by a team of international experts, this pocket-sized manual identifies the needs of people affected by natural hazards, political or ethnic conflict, epidemics of life-threatening infections, and other humanitarian crises. Later chapters explore topics including pain management, skin conditions, non-communicable diseases, palliative care emergencies, the law and ethics of end of life care, and more. Concise and highly accessible, this manual is an ideal educational tool pre-deployment or during fieldwork for clinicians involved in planning and providing humanitarian aid, local care providers, and medical trainees.

Author: Leo Heunks
Publisher: European Respiratory Society
ISBN: 1849841225
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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Book Description
Invasive ventilation is a frequently used lifesaving intervention in critical care. The ERS Practical Handbook of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation provides a concise “why and how to” guide to invasive ventilation, ensuring that caregivers can not only apply invasive ventilation, but obtain a thorough understanding of the underlying principles ensuring that they and their patients gain the most value from this intervention. The editors have brought together leading clinicians and researchers in the field to provide an easy-to-read guide to all aspects of invasive ventilation. Topics covered include: underlying physiology, equipment, invasive ventilation in specific diseases, patient monitoring, supportive therapy and rescue strategies, inhalation therapy during invasive ventilation, weaning from invasive ventilation and technical aspects of the ventilator.

Author: David B. Glick
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387928499
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
The Difficult Airway provides a comprehensive textual and visual coverage of how to deal with patients who have expected or unexpected difficult airways. The text begins with a description of the incidence and importance of the difficult airway and then describes the ASA Difficult Airway Algorithm created to facilitate the management of “difficult airways.” The majority of the book features a comprehensive step-by-step approach to the rescue techniques listed as part of the ASA Algorithm. Noted experts in each of the techniques have been recruited by the book editors to present the information. Figures throughout the book illustrate important points and procedures. This is a wonderful resource for professionals in the health care field including anesthesiologists, intensive care physicians, emergency room physicians, nurses, and out-of-hospital first responders.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309285526
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 217

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Book Description
Disasters and public health emergencies can stress health care systems to the breaking point and disrupt delivery of vital medical services. During such crises, hospitals and long-term care facilities may be without power; trained staff, ambulances, medical supplies and beds could be in short supply; and alternate care facilities may need to be used. Planning for these situations is necessary to provide the best possible health care during a crisis and, if needed, equitably allocate scarce resources. Crisis Standards of Care: A Toolkit for Indicators and Triggers examines indicators and triggers that guide the implementation of crisis standards of care and provides a discussion toolkit to help stakeholders establish indicators and triggers for their own communities. Together, indicators and triggers help guide operational decision making about providing care during public health and medical emergencies and disasters. Indicators and triggers represent the information and actions taken at specific thresholds that guide incident recognition, response, and recovery. This report discusses indicators and triggers for both a slow onset scenario, such as pandemic influenza, and a no-notice scenario, such as an earthquake. Crisis Standards of Care features discussion toolkits customized to help various stakeholders develop indicators and triggers for their own organizations, agencies, and jurisdictions. The toolkit contains scenarios, key questions, and examples of indicators, triggers, and tactics to help promote discussion. In addition to common elements designed to facilitate integrated planning, the toolkit contains chapters specifically customized for emergency management, public health, emergency medical services, hospital and acute care, and out-of-hospital care.

Author: Steven L. Shein
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030218406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Book Description
This book provides a concise yet comprehensive overview of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS). The text reviews the emerging science behind the new PARDS definition; explores epidemiology, pathobiology, etiologies, and risk factors; reviews state-of-the-art treatment modalities and strategies; and discusses clinical outcomes. Written by experts in the field, Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Clinical Guide is a valuable resource for clinicians and practitioners who specialize in pediatric critical care.