Cosmic Antigravity-Inflation and Dark Energy PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In this episode, investigate cosmic antigravity, starting with cosmic inflation, a phenomenon that exponentially increased the size of the universe during the big bang. Then, learn why dark matter cannot be made of ordinary protons and neutrons, and explore the recent discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, powered by a mysterious dark energy inherent in space itself.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In this episode, investigate cosmic antigravity, starting with cosmic inflation, a phenomenon that exponentially increased the size of the universe during the big bang. Then, learn why dark matter cannot be made of ordinary protons and neutrons, and explore the recent discovery that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, powered by a mysterious dark energy inherent in space itself.
Author: Kazuharu Bamba Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 303921764X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Various cosmological observations support not only cosmological inflation in the early universe, which is also known as exponential cosmic expansion, but also that the expansion of the late-time universe is accelerating. To explain this phenomenon, the existence of dark energy is proposed. In addition, according to the rotation curve of galaxies, the existence of dark matter, which does not shine, is also suggested. If primordial gravitational waves are detected in the future, the mechanism for realizing inflation can be revealed. Moreover, there exist two main candidates for dark matter. The first is a new particle, the existence of which is predicted in particle physics. The second is an astrophysical object which is not found by electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, there are two representative approaches to account for the accelerated expansion of the current universe. One is to assume the unknown dark energy in general relativity. The other is to extend the gravity theory to large scales. Investigation of the origins of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy is one of the most fundamental problems in modern physics and cosmology. The purpose of this book is to explore the physics and cosmology of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy.
Author: Balungi Francis Publisher: Blurb ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The universe is full of matter and the attractive force of gravity pulls all matter together. The expansion of the universe has not been slowing due to gravity, as everyone thought, it has been accelerating. Maybe it was a result of a long-discarded version of Einstein's theory of gravity, one that contained what was called a "cosmological constant." Maybe there was some strange kind of energy-fluid that filled space. Maybe there is something wrong with Einstein's theory of gravity and a new theory could include some kind of field that creates this cosmic acceleration. It turns out that roughly 68percent of the universe is dark energy. Dark matter makes up about 27percent. The rest - everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter - adds up to less than 5percent of the universe. Come to think of it, maybe it shouldn't be called "normal" matter at all, since it is such a small fraction of the universe. Balungi Francis explains this major conundrum in modern science and looks at how scientists are beginning to find solutions to it.
Author: Kazuharu Bamba Publisher: ISBN: 9783039217656 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Various cosmological observations support not only cosmological inflation in the early universe, which is also known as exponential cosmic expansion, but also that the expansion of the late-time universe is accelerating. To explain this phenomenon, the existence of dark energy is proposed. In addition, according to the rotation curve of galaxies, the existence of dark matter, which does not shine, is also suggested. If primordial gravitational waves are detected in the future, the mechanism for realizing inflation can be revealed. Moreover, there exist two main candidates for dark matter. The first is a new particle, the existence of which is predicted in particle physics. The second is an astrophysical object which is not found by electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, there are two representative approaches to account for the accelerated expansion of the current universe. One is to assume the unknown dark energy in general relativity. The other is to extend the gravity theory to large scales. Investigation of the origins of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy is one of the most fundamental problems in modern physics and cosmology. The purpose of this book is to explore the physics and cosmology of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy.
Author: Jérôme Gleyzes Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319412108 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
This thesis presents several significant new results that shed light on two major puzzles of modern cosmology: the nature of inflation, the very early phase of the universe that is thought to have given rise to the large-scale structures that we observe today; and that of the current accelerated expansion. In particular, it develops a clean method for characterizing linear cosmological perturbations for general theories where gravity is modified and/or affected by a new component, called dark energy, responsible for the accelerated expansion. It proposes a new extension to what were long thought to be the most general scalar field theories devoid of instabilities, and demonstrates the robustness of the relation between the energy scale of inflation and the predicted amplitude of gravitational waves. Finally, it consolidates a set of consistency relations between correlation functions of the cosmological density field and investigates the phenomenological consequences of their potential violation. Presented in a clear, succinct and rigorous style, each of these original results is both profound and important and will leave a deep mark on the field.
Author: Sabino Matarrese Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048186854 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 413
Book Description
This book brings together reviews from leading international authorities on the developments in the study of dark matter and dark energy, as seen from both their cosmological and particle physics side. Studying the physical and astrophysical properties of the dark components of our Universe is a crucial step towards the ultimate goal of unveiling their nature. The work developed from a doctoral school sponsored by the Italian Society of General Relativity and Gravitation. The book starts with a concise introduction to the standard cosmological model, as well as with a presentation of the theory of linear perturbations around a homogeneous and isotropic background. It covers the particle physics and cosmological aspects of dark matter and (dynamical) dark energy, including a discussion of how modified theories of gravity could provide a possible candidate for dark energy. A detailed presentation is also given of the possible ways of testing the theory in terms of cosmic microwave background, galaxy redshift surveys and weak gravitational lensing observations. Included is a chapter reviewing extensively the direct and indirect methods of detection of the hypothetical dark matter particles. Also included is a self-contained introduction to the techniques and most important results of numerical (e.g. N-body) simulations in cosmology. " This volume will be useful to researchers, PhD and graduate students in Astrophysics, Cosmology Physics and Mathematics, who are interested in cosmology, dark matter and dark energy.
Author: Balungi Francis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The universe is full of matter and the attractive force of gravity pulls all matter together. The expansion of the universe has not been slowing due to gravity, as everyone thought, it has been accelerating. Maybe it was a result of a long-discarded version of Einstein's theory of gravity, one that contained what was called a "cosmological constant." Maybe there was some strange kind of energy-fluid that filled space. Maybe there is something wrong with Einstein's theory of gravity and a new theory could include some kind of field that creates this cosmic acceleration. It turns out that roughly 68percent of the universe is dark energy. Dark matter makes up about 27percent. The rest - everything on Earth, everything ever observed with all of our instruments, all normal matter - adds up to less than 5percent of the universe. Come to think of it, maybe it shouldn't be called "normal" matter at all, since it is such a small fraction of the universe. Balungi Francis explains this major conundrum in modern science and looks at how scientists are beginning to find solutions to it.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Cosmic surveys provide crucial information about high energy physics including strong evidence for dark energy, dark matter, and inflation. Ongoing and upcoming surveys will start to identify the underlying physics of these new phenomena, including tight constraints on the equation of state of dark energy, the viability of modified gravity, the existence of extra light species, the masses of the neutrinos, and the potential of the field that drove inflation. Even after the Stage IV experiments, DESI and LSST, complete their surveys, there will still be much information left in the sky. This additional information will enable us to understand the physics underlying the dark universe at an even deeper level and, in case Stage IV surveys find hints for physics beyond the current Standard Model of Cosmology, to revolutionize our current view of the universe. There are many ideas for how best to supplement and aid DESI and LSST in order to access some of this remaining information and how surveys beyond Stage IV can fully exploit this regime. These ideas flow to potential projects that could start construction in the 2020's.
Author: Helge S. Kragh Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642550908 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 117
Book Description
The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for the discovery of cosmic acceleration due to dark energy, a discovery that is all the more perplexing as nobody knows what dark energy actually is. We put the modern concept of cosmological vacuum energy into historical context and show how it grew out of disparate roots in quantum mechanics (zero-point energy) and relativity theory (the cosmological constant, Einstein's “greatest blunder”). These two influences have remained strangely aloof and still co-exist in an uneasy alliance that is at the heart of the greatest crisis in theoretical physics, the cosmological-constant problem.
Author: Kazuharu Bamba Publisher: ISBN: 9783725807550 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Exploring the origins of a field to understand inflation, dark matter, and dark energy is one of the most important problems in modern physics and cosmology. The future detection of primordial gravitational waves is strongly expected to reveal the energy scale of inflation in the early universe. Furthermore, there are two possibilities for the origin of dark matter, namely, new particles in particle-theory models beyond the standard model, and astrophysical objects. In addition, two representative studies have been proposed to elucidate the true character of dark energy, the existence of which leads to late-time cosmic acceleration. One introduces some unknown matter called dark energy with a negative pressure in general relativity. The other modifies gravity at large scales. The latter is called geometrical dark energy. The main aim of this Special Issue is to understand the origins and true natures of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy. We have considered both phenomenological approaches and more fundamental physics such as higher-dimensional gravity theories, quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, physics in the early universe, quantum field theories and gauge field theories in curved spacetime, string theories, brane world models, and the holographic principle. We are hopeful that this Special Issue on inflation, dark matter, dark energy, and the related foundations of physics is of utmost use.
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Kazuharu Bamba
Author: Balungi Francis
Author: Kazuharu Bamba
Author: Jérôme Gleyzes
Author: Sabino Matarrese
Author: Balungi Francis
Author: 
Author: Helge S. Kragh
Author: Kazuharu Bamba