Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials and the Neural Processing of Speech Stimuli in Cochlear Implant Users PDF Download

Author: Ruth Yi-Chun Lin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Auditory cortex
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Author: Robert F. Burkard
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780781757560
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 156

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Book Description
Written by experts with extensive clinical and scientific experience, this comprehensive textbook presents the state of the art in auditory evoked potentials. Opening chapters explain the nature of electrical fields that generate surface recorded potentials, summarize the imaging modalities that complement evoked potential studies, and review acoustics and instrumentation. Major sections examine the anatomy and physiology of the auditory periphery, brainstem, and cortex and the principles and clinical applications of auditory, myogenic, visual, somatosensory, and vestibular evoked potentials. Chapters present hands-on laboratory exercises and clinical case studies. A full-color insert includes 3D images from multi-channel evoked potentials and functional imaging.

Author: Kristi Ann Buckley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cochlear implants
Languages : en
Pages : 210

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Book Description
Duration of auditory deprivation is inversely related to speech perception performance after cochlear implantation in individuals with severe-to-profound sensorineural-hearing loss. In deaf adults, auditory areas in the right temporal lobe process peripheral visual motion stimuli. Remapping of auditory cortex to process visual stimuli may limit speech perception performance in individuals who experience prolonged periods of auditory deprivation prior to receiving a cochlear implant. We suggest the development of cross-modal plasticity during prolonged periods of auditory deprivation plays a role in limiting the brain's ability to process speech, once the sensation of hearing is restored through a cochlear implant. This study examines the relationship between the development of visual/auditory cross-modal plasticity and speech perception with a cochlear implant. We assess cross-modal plasticity through the amplitude of visual cortical evoked potential in response to peripheral visual motion, measured over the right temporal lobe. Speech perception ability is measured as percent-correct words and sentences in quiet and noise. Results indicate speech perception scores decline significantly as the amplitude of the cortical evoked response to peripheral visual motion increases for pre-lingually deaf cochlear implant users. No relationship between speech perception scores and the amplitude of the cortical response to peripheral visual motion is found in post-lingually deaf cochlear implant users. Further, no relationship between cross-modal plasticity and the duration of auditory deprivation is observed. Results indicate that cross-modal plasticity negatively influences speech perception ability with a cochlear implant for pre-lingually deaf individuals and that the time during development that auditory deprivation takes place is more important than the duration of auditory deprivation.

Author: Nina Kraus
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331947944X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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Book Description
This volume will cover a variety of topics, including child language development; hearing loss; listening in noise; statistical learning; poverty; auditory processing disorder; cochlear neuropathy; attention; and aging. It will appeal broadly to auditory scientists—and in fact, any scientist interested in the biology of human communication and learning. The range of the book highlights the interdisciplinary series of questions that are pursued using the auditory frequency-following response and will accordingly attract a wide and diverse readership, while remaining a lasting resource for the field.

Author: Daniel Q. Sinkiewicz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cochlear implants
Languages : en
Pages : 104

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Book Description
"Cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) tests are used to evaluate cochlear implant (CI) patient auditory pathways, but when the CI device processes sound stimuli it produces an electrical artifact which obscures the relevant information in the neural response. Currently there are multiple methods which attempt to extract the neural response from the contaminated CAEP, but there is no gold standard which can quantitatively confirm the effectiveness of these methods. To address this crucial shortcoming, this work employs time-frequency analysis, using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), to quantify how much artifact energy remains in the neural response recovered by these methods. The proposed CWT evaluation tool calculates the two-dimensional correlation coefficient between the time-frequency representations of the extracted neural response and the stimulus signal envelope, which is a good approximation of the artifact, as a means of quantitatively assessing how much artifact energy remains in the extracted response. A novel technique for extracting the neural response from contaminated CAEPs is then proposed. The new method uses matching pursuit (MP) based feature extraction to represent the contaminated CAEP in a feature space, and support vector machines (SVM) to classify the components as normal hearing (NH) or artifact. The NH components are combined to extract the neural response without artifact energy. The proposed method was applied on two sets of CI CAEPs generated using tone stimuli, and was shown to extract CAEPs from CI data more effectively than current artifact removal techniques, as verified using the evaluation tool. The method was then implemented on a CI CAEP generated by a speech stimulus, which has not been performed by any existing methods, and successfully extracted the neural response. The proposed extraction technique and evaluation tool will allow accurate clinical evaluation of CI patient auditory pathways by removing artifact energy which obscures the important CAEP features."--Abstract.

Author: Richard C. Seewald
Publisher: [S.l.] : Phonak AG
ISBN: 9783952200902
Category : Audiology
Languages : en
Pages : 289

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Book Description

Author: Aage R. Møller
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805581572
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 237

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Book Description
Today cochlear implants are the most successful of all prostheses of the nervous system. They are used in individuals who are deaf or suffer from a severe hearing deficiency caused by loss of cochlear hair cells. Auditory brainstem implants provide stimulation of the cochlear nucleus and are used in patients with an auditory nerve dysfunction, a deformed cochlea which does not allow cochlear implantation, or traumatic auditory nerve injury. In this volume different aspects of cochlear implantation such as the role of neural plasticity, the interaction with the development of the auditory system, and the optimal time of implantation in children (sensitive periods) are discussed in detail. Further, the processors and the algorithms used in modern cochlear implants are described The second part is devoted to auditory brainstem implants. It describes surgical techniques, methods for intraoperative testing as well as speech processing. It also deals with electrical stimulation of neural tissue and the neurophysiologic basis for cochlear and brainstem implants. The publication provides the latest scientific and clinical knowledge on cochlear and brainstem implants and is highly recommended to audiologists, otolaryngologists and also neurosurgeons.

Author: Pim van Dijk
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331925474X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 487

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Book Description
​The International Symposium on Hearing is a prestigious, triennial gathering where world-class scientists present and discuss the most recent advances in the field of human and animal hearing research. The 2015 edition will particularly focus on integrative approaches linking physiological, psychophysical and cognitive aspects of normal and impaired hearing. Like previous editions, the proceedings will contain about 50 chapters ranging from basic to applied research, and of interest to neuroscientists, psychologists, audiologists, engineers, otolaryngologists, and artificial intelligence researchers.​

Author: Nathan Adam Graham Barlow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Book Description
Introduction: Long Term Potentiation (LTP) has been documented in hippocampal tissues, both through ex-vivo and non-invasive studies in animals and humans. LTP is accepted as a neural mechanism underlying memory involving hippocampus (Lomo and Bliss, 1973). Clapp, Hamm, Shephard & Taylor (2005) showed rapid pure tone auditory stimulation induces LTP-like effects on N1 of the obligatory cortical auditory evoked potential. Wilson, J. (2011) demonstrated this effect occurs only at a 13 Hz stimulation rate; LTP did not occur at 9 or 15 Hz. Zaehle, Clapp, Hamm, Meyer, and Kirk (2007) presented fMRI evidence supporting induction of auditory LTP; rapid repeated stimulation (tetanus) resulted in increased BOLD (blood-oxygen-level dependent) signal. All three studies suggest auditory LTP could have implications for rehabilitation and objective measurement of auditory plasticity. Aims: Replicate Clapp et al.'s (2005) findings independently using clinical EEG equipment, and investigate if binaural stimulation is necessary for auditory LTP induction. Investigate if tetanic stimulation could be used as a passive auditory rehabilitation therapy for cochlear implant (CI) recipients. Method: Twenty-eight right handed participants with normal hearing (NH) were tested; 12 using binaural stimulation and 16 using monaural (right ear) stimulation. Eight recipients of a right-sided cochlear implant were also assessed behaviourally on divided auditory attention (Brief Test of Attention) and sentence recognition in noise (50% SRT), as well as EEG. Age- and sex-controlled comparisons are presented. Results: Auditory LTP was not evident in either the NH or CI groups, when investigating the N1 obligatory cortical response. A baseline shift for N1 amplitude was evident. The Brief Test of Attention scores for CI are not comparable to standardized scores due to hearing loss; with a wide range of performance. The percentage correct scores are correlated with length of time using a CI (r=0.708, p=0.049). Speech recognition in noise was similarly varied in performance. There was a correlation between speech recognition in noise and N1 amplitude recorded at frontal electrodes. Conclusions: The findings of Clapp et al. (2005) were not replicated, nor was LTP observed with monaural stimulation. Passive exposure to tetanizing auditory stimuli may not induce LTP for N1 in people who use cochlear implants. Attending to the tetanizing stimulus or more lengthy exposure to the tetanising stimulus may be required to reliably induce auditory LTP in human participants with and without hearing loss.

Author: Gérard Bailly
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107006821
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 507

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Book Description
This book presents a complete overview of all aspects of audiovisual speech including perception, production, brain processing and technology.