Author: Stephanie M. Stern Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
A stumbling block to the widespread use of financial incentives for conservation on private lands is the concern that compensation will undermine motivation to act voluntarily and compromise environmental values. This paper argues that this concern has been overstated. First, a substantial number of landowners lack ex ante motivation to engage voluntarily in conservation activities. These landowners are not at risk of decreased motivation or pro-environmental attitudes. Second, conservation activities that carry high behavioral costs are unlikely - with or without incentives - to produce voluntary action. Third, traditional regulatory approaches are often difficult to implement on private lands and regulation may have the same, if not more severe, effects on motivation and attitudes. Last, in those cases where landowners are at risk for impaired motivation, incentive programs can mitigate or even eliminate undermining effects by providing compensation that is proportional to effort and performance and by structuring program administration to emphasize positive feedback and cooperation. This analysis suggests an expanded role for conservation incentive programs on private lands as well as a framework for evaluating the motivational effect of incentives in other environmental contexts.
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323984584 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 704
Book Description
Snow Leopards, Second Edition provides a foundational, comprehensive overview of the biology, ecology and conservation of this iconic species. This updated edition incorporates all the recent information from range-wide surveys and conservation projects, the results of technical and advances particularly in genetics, camera trapping and satellite tracking, and evaluates emerging threats. New chapters synthesize the novel scientific methods and statistical analyses used to develop density and population estimates and how they inform conservation and management estimates. Sections cover historical information, the main biogeographic patterns, evolutionary trends, conservational efforts, and cultural significance. Status and distribution are fully updated for all 12 countries where snow leopards occur. Other sections describe established and emerging threats, including human-wildlife conflict, illegal trade, infrastructure development, and climate change along with conservation solutions used to address these threats. The book concludes with a final section on global snow leopard initiatives and future potentials. ? Offers a complete and thorough update on snow leopard ecology, conservation, research techniques and population trends, among other topic? Presents the results of the latest scientific research and conservation measures? Edited by recognized experts with contributions from 240 of the world's leading experts throughout the snow leopard's range
Author: Gina L. LaRocco Publisher: ISBN: 9781505977011 Category : Ecosystem services Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Conservation of biodiversity serves a number of human needs, including maintenance of ecosystem services that are critical to the sustainability of all life. Effective biodiversity conservation will require better landowner incentives for restoration and protection of ecosystems. Many services produced from healthy, functioning landscapes are not well recognized in current conservation incentive structures, including sequestering or storing carbon in trees and soil, providing fish and wildlife habitat, filtering water, and reducing damages from natural disasters. Most existing incentive programs pay landowners to protect and restore a specific service rather than the suite of services produced from well-functioning ecosystems. Various incentive programs need to be better integrated or new programs need to be developed that value a greater proportion of the ecological benefits that flow from ecosystems. One promising option is to allow landowners to bundle or stack payments for ecosystem services. This option, however, also presents issues that need to be addressed to ensure ecological goals and economic efficiency are achieved. Current efforts underway address some of these issues. Specifically, collaborative efforts among public and private entities in the Pacific Northwest and Chesapeake Bay region are developing accounting tools to measure ecosystem services and test policies for bundling services and stacking payments on the ground. The U.S. government has also made a commitment to ensure coordination and integration of ecosystem market development by creating a dedicated agency under the U.S. Department of Agriculture called the Office of Environmental Markets.
Author: Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag ISBN: 3736918682 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Economic analyses are increasingly applied as an analytical tool to identify efficient and sustainable forest management strategies. These analyses often chose a macro-level approach which – representing the viewpoint of a social planner – emphasize the considerable economic benefits that can be gained from intangible forest benefits, such as the conservation of biodiversity or recreational values. As a result, a commonly proposed policy outcome is the creation of protected areas (PA). In contrast to providing intangible economic benefits, the establishment of PA often imposes significant tangible opportunity costs to households living adjacent to a PA. These opportunity costs arise from a restricted access to the resource and is most strongly pronounced in rural areas of developing countries, where a majority of households generally depends on the access to natural resources to support their livelihoods. These costs are represented by the benefits forgone from the direct extraction of forest products and the conversion of forests for agricultural production. This situation applies especially to the case of Madagascar, where this study was executed. On the one side, the Government of Madagascar has chosen a strict conservation approach as the guiding principle of natural resource management to conserve the endemic biodiversity on the island. On the other side, Madagascar is among the poorest countries in the world and has recently fallen even deeper into poverty. This increases the need for developing natural resource management policies that not only achieve biodiversity conservation, but also contributes to poverty alleviation at the same time. Therefore, a complete and accurate assessment of these opportunity costs is critical for two reasons: a) an improved assessment of opportunity costs will significantly enhance the analytical power of economic analyses and, b) improved data of such opportunity costs represent a key component for a successful implementation of compensation mechanisms.
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Working Group on Economic Aspects of Biodiversity Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
Governments need to implement appropriate policies to ensure both the private and the public goods values of biological diversity are realised. Unless the users of biological resources are given incentives to sustainably use these resources, valuable
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Environment and Natural Resources Publisher: ISBN: Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 156
Author: Jason F. Shogren Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 0292774974 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 285
Book Description
Protecting endangered species of animals and plants is a goal that almost everyone supports in principle—but in practice private landowners have often opposed the regulations of the Endangered Species Act, which, they argue, unfairly limits their right to profit from their property. To encourage private landowners to cooperate voluntarily in species conservation and to mitigate the economic burden of doing so, the government and nonprofit land trusts have created a number of incentive programs, including conservation easements, leases, habitat banking, habitat conservation planning, safe harbors, candidate conservation agreements, and the "no surprise" policy. In this book, lawyers, economists, political scientists, historians, and zoologists come together to assess the challenges and opportunities for using economic incentives as compensation for protecting species at risk on private property. They examine current programs to see how well they are working and also offer ideas for how these programs could be more successful. Their ultimate goal is to better understand how economic incentive schemes can be made both more cost-effective and more socially acceptable, while respecting a wide range of views regarding opportunity costs, legal standing, biological effectiveness, moral appropriateness, and social context.
Author: Stephanie M. Stern
Author: Defenders of Wildlife
Author: 
Author: Peter Brackley
Author: Gina L. LaRocco
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Author: 
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Working Group on Economic Aspects of Biodiversity
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Environment and Natural Resources
Author: Jason F. Shogren