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Author: Wahyudi Kumorotomo Publisher: UGM PRESS ISBN: 6233591104 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 451
Book Description
As a compilation of research and scholarly articles under the auspices of Dewan Guru Besot (Board of Professors) of U niversitas Gadjah Mada, this volume is expected to contribute for the Sherpa Track of G20 forum. We believe that multi-disciplinary approach among university scholars would provide a comprehensive understanding on what to be considered by the G20 country leaders who are scheduled to meet in Bali, Indonesia, in 2022. Parallel to the three prioritized agendas for G20, critical reviews on health system after the Covid-19 global pandemic, changing activities and lifestyle under digitalized economy, and transition towards sustainable energy are presented. Cases are mostly taken from the Indonesian experience. We would argue that interdependency and partnership among countries are inevitable and that we must understand and acknowledge it more than ever. All the critical global issues—health, poverty, climate change—can only be addressed with collective actions of all individuals in developed as well as developing countries. The collective awareness of the new world order for healthy, smart, and green lifestyle is essential to the future living in the planet. The G20 forum is crucial as it represents 65 percent of the world population and 80 percent of the world economy. We hope that G20 leaders have a full commitment and capacity to conduct an orchestra of global community which enable and empower citizens while acknowledging cultural diversity in their respected countries. It is a high time for all of collective and concerted actions.
Author: Wahyudi Kumorotomo Publisher: UGM PRESS ISBN: 6233591104 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 451
Book Description
As a compilation of research and scholarly articles under the auspices of Dewan Guru Besot (Board of Professors) of U niversitas Gadjah Mada, this volume is expected to contribute for the Sherpa Track of G20 forum. We believe that multi-disciplinary approach among university scholars would provide a comprehensive understanding on what to be considered by the G20 country leaders who are scheduled to meet in Bali, Indonesia, in 2022. Parallel to the three prioritized agendas for G20, critical reviews on health system after the Covid-19 global pandemic, changing activities and lifestyle under digitalized economy, and transition towards sustainable energy are presented. Cases are mostly taken from the Indonesian experience. We would argue that interdependency and partnership among countries are inevitable and that we must understand and acknowledge it more than ever. All the critical global issues—health, poverty, climate change—can only be addressed with collective actions of all individuals in developed as well as developing countries. The collective awareness of the new world order for healthy, smart, and green lifestyle is essential to the future living in the planet. The G20 forum is crucial as it represents 65 percent of the world population and 80 percent of the world economy. We hope that G20 leaders have a full commitment and capacity to conduct an orchestra of global community which enable and empower citizens while acknowledging cultural diversity in their respected countries. It is a high time for all of collective and concerted actions.
Author: William H. Page Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Communication is useful and often necessary for rivals to coordinate price and output decisions. All would agree that evidence of communication on these issues is relevant to the issue of whether firms reached an illegal agreement or engaged in concerted action in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. Most courts and commentators would go further and define agreement and concerted action to require communication of one kind or another. I call this view the objective theory of concerted action. Louis Kaplow has recently challenged this approach in three important articles, all of which argue that the focus on communications is misguided. Although he does not propose a fully specified definition, he suggests that a standard of successful oligopolistic interdependence -- in which rivals reach a meeting of the minds -- would provide a superior basis for identifying unlawful agreements. In this essay, I describe this subjective theory of concerted action and identify the equilibria that it includes and excludes. I then consider its likely costs and benefits relative to the current objective theory. I argue that it will deter few durable instances of oligopolistic interdependence that present law would not prohibit. On the other hand, it apparently immunizes some equilibria, even if reached through communication. If so, it would raise the possibility of new and problematic defenses to claims of illegal concerted action. Moreover, Kaplow excludes certain noncompetitive equilibria from the subjective standard on the ground that they do not involve the requisite meeting of minds. But these equilibria differ in only a few ways from other, strategic equilibria that arguably do involve the necessary meeting of minds. Reliance on the concept of a meeting of the minds to distinguish these equilibria would risk significant false positives.
Author: Council of Europe Publisher: Council of Europe ISBN: 9789287157423 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
This publication contains guidance on developing a methodological framework for social cohesion indicators which can be applied at local, regional, national and European levels, covering the conceptual approach used and its practical application. It sets out the results of the main applications and trials carried out in 2003 and 2004 and how they tie in with devising a framework of action.
Author: William H. Page Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In this article, I offer an approach to concerted action that builds on traditional Chicago School analyses of the issue, but adds a focus on the role of communication. Chicago scholars uniformly identify cartels as the primary target of antitrust enforcement. They have also established much of the framework within which courts and economists analyze concerted action. George Stigler's seminal theory of oligopoly, which sought to identify the determinants of effective collusion, has spawned an enormous literature in game theory that models the pricing behavior of oligopolists. Richard Posner's early analysis of tacit collusion - rivals' coordination of noncompetitive pricing without express communication - extended Stigler's analysis to the domain of law and policy. His approach to oligopoly pricing drew on economic theory and evidence both to define tacit collusion as concerted action and to identify structural and behavioral characteristics of markets that suggested its presence. I argue that Posner's approach, refocused on the role of communication, provides the most promising way forward in the analysis of concerted action. After recounting the history of the Chicago School's analysis of concerted action, I propose a modified definition of concerted action and suggest how the change might affect the search for instances of concerted action. I argue that Section 1 does not reach tacit collusion, but neither does it require a verbal agreement; instead, actions are concerted if rivals coordinate them in part by communicating their intentions. I argue that this focus on communicative concerted action, despite its departure from Posner's legal position, is consistent with the Chicago tradition, particularly error cost analysis. Its neo-Chicago character lies in its reliance on the most recent economic literature on the role of communication in collusion. In the last part of the article, I examine a small but important subset of that literature: studies of how real-world cartels use communication and facilitating practices to achieve their aims. Based on these studies, I suggest how plaintiffs and enforcement agencies might discover concerted action by examining changing patterns in the use of facilitating practices.
Author: Wahyudi Kumorotomo
Author: Wahyudi Kumorotomo
Author: Hamilton Holt
Author: United States. National Labor Relations Board
Author: William H. Page
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Author: Council of Europe
Author: William H. Page
Author: Claude Molina
Author: 
Author: