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Author: Pierluigi Frisco Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191579637 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
Membrane systems are a new class of distributed and parallel model of computation inspired by the subdivision of living cells into compartments delimited by membranes. Their hierarchical internal structure, their locality of interactions, their inherent parallelism and also their capacity to create new compartments, represent the distinguishing hallmarks of membrane systems. Membrane computing, the study of membrane systems, is a fascinating and fast growing area of research. The main streams of current investigations in Membrane Computing concern theoretical computer science and the modelling of complex systems. In this monograph Pierluigi Frisco considers the former trend: he presents an in-depth study of the formal language and computational complexity aspects of the most widely investigated models of membrane systems. This study gives a comprehensive understanding of the computational power of the models considered, shows different proof techniques used for such study, and introduces links highlighting the similarities and differences between the their computational power. These models cover a broad range of features, giving a grasp of the enormous flexibility of the framework offered by membrane systems. Aimed at graduates and researchers in the field, who can use it as a reference text, and to people with an initial interest in Membrane Computing, who can use it as a clear and up to date starting point for Membrane Computing.
Author: Pierluigi Frisco Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191579637 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
Membrane systems are a new class of distributed and parallel model of computation inspired by the subdivision of living cells into compartments delimited by membranes. Their hierarchical internal structure, their locality of interactions, their inherent parallelism and also their capacity to create new compartments, represent the distinguishing hallmarks of membrane systems. Membrane computing, the study of membrane systems, is a fascinating and fast growing area of research. The main streams of current investigations in Membrane Computing concern theoretical computer science and the modelling of complex systems. In this monograph Pierluigi Frisco considers the former trend: he presents an in-depth study of the formal language and computational complexity aspects of the most widely investigated models of membrane systems. This study gives a comprehensive understanding of the computational power of the models considered, shows different proof techniques used for such study, and introduces links highlighting the similarities and differences between the their computational power. These models cover a broad range of features, giving a grasp of the enormous flexibility of the framework offered by membrane systems. Aimed at graduates and researchers in the field, who can use it as a reference text, and to people with an initial interest in Membrane Computing, who can use it as a clear and up to date starting point for Membrane Computing.
Author: William W. Cohen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387482784 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
This book is designed specifically as a guide for Computer Scientists needing an introduction to Cell Biology. The text explores three different facets of biology: biological systems, experimental methods, and language and nomenclature. The author discusses what biologists are trying to determine from their experiments, how various experimental procedures are used and how they relate to accepted concepts in computer science, and the vocabulary necessary to read and understand current literature in biology. The book is an invaluable reference tool and an excellent starting point for a more comprehensive examination of cell biology.
Author: Dennis Bray Publisher: Yale University Press ISBN: 0300155441 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
“A beautifully written journey into the mechanics of the world of the cell, and even beyond, exploring the analogy with computers in a surprising way” (Denis Noble, author of Dance to the Tune of Life). How does a single-cell creature, such as an amoeba, lead such a sophisticated life? How does it hunt living prey, respond to lights, sounds, and smells, and display complex sequences of movements without the benefit of a nervous system? This book offers a startling and original answer. In clear, jargon-free language, Dennis Bray taps the findings from the discipline of systems biology to show that the internal chemistry of living cells is a form of computation. Cells are built out of molecular circuits that perform logical operations, as electronic devices do, but with unique properties. Bray argues that the computational juice of cells provides the basis for all distinctive properties of living systems: it allows organisms to embody in their internal structure an image of the world, and this accounts for their adaptability, responsiveness, and intelligence. In Wetware, Bray offers imaginative, wide-ranging, and perceptive critiques of robotics and complexity theory, as well as many entertaining and telling anecdotes. For the general reader, the practicing scientist, and all others with an interest in the nature of life, this book is an exciting portal to some of biology’s latest discoveries and ideas. “Drawing on the similarities between Pac-Man and an amoeba and efforts to model the human brain, this absorbing read shows that biologists and engineers have a lot to learn from working together.” —Discover magazine “Wetware will get the reader thinking.” —Science magazine
Author: Cris Calude Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780748408993 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
At the turning of the millennium, a switch in computing technology is forecasted and looked for. Two main directions of research, both based on quite unconventional ideas are most promising - quantum computing and molecular computing. In the last few years, both of these methods have been intensely investigated. The present book is the first "friendly" presentation of basic ideas in these exciting areas. The style is rigorous, but without entering into excessive technicalities. Equal attention is paid to the main practical results reported so far and the main theoretical developments. The book is written for the educated layman and is self-contained, including all the necessary facts from mathematics, computer science, biology and quantum mechanics.
Author: Andrzej Ehrenfeucht Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662063719 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
This is the first monograph on computation in living cells - one of the central and fastest growing areas of research in this field. Gene assembly in ciliates (unicellular organisms) is a splendid example of such computations. This work has helped to clarify important biological aspects of gene assembly, yielded novel insights into the nature of computation, and broadened our understanding of what computation is about. The monograph gives an accessible account of both the biology and the formal analysis of the gene assembly process. It can be used as a textbook for either graduate courses or seminars.
Author: R. Paton Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662063697 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
The field of biologically inspired computation has coexisted with mainstream computing since the 1930s, and the pioneers in this area include Warren McCulloch, Walter Pitts, Robert Rosen, Otto Schmitt, Alan Turing, John von Neumann and Norbert Wiener. Ideas arising out of studies of biology have permeated algorithmics, automata theory, artificial intelligence, graphics, information systems and software design. Within this context, the biomolecular, cellular and tissue levels of biological organisation have had a considerable inspirational impact on the development of computational ideas. Such innovations include neural computing, systolic arrays, genetic and immune algorithms, cellular automata, artificial tissues, DNA computing and protein memories. With the rapid growth in biological knowledge there remains a vast source of ideas yet to be tapped. This includes developments associated with biomolecular, genomic, enzymic, metabolic, signalling and developmental systems and the various impacts on distributed, adaptive, hybrid and emergent computation. This multidisciplinary book brings together a collection of chapters by biologists, computer scientists, engineers and mathematicians who were drawn together to examine the ways in which the interdisciplinary displacement of concepts and ideas could develop new insights into emerging computing paradigms. Funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the CytoCom Network formally met on five occasions to examine and discuss common issues in biology and computing that could be exploited to develop emerging models of computation.
Author: Panos M. Pardalos Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461302595 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
In the quest to understand and model the healthy or sick human body, re searchers and medical doctors are utilizing more and more quantitative tools and techniques. This trend is pushing the envelope of a new field we call Biomedical Computing, as an exciting frontier among signal processing, pattern recognition, optimization, nonlinear dynamics, computer science and biology, chemistry and medicine. A conference on Biocomputing was held during February 25-27, 2001 at the University of Florida. The conference was sponsored by the Center for Applied Optimization, the Computational Neuroengineering Center, the Biomedical En gineering Program (through a Whitaker Foundation grant), the Brain Institute, the School of Engineering, and the University of Florida Research & Graduate Programs. The conference provided a forum for researchers to discuss and present new directions in Biocomputing. The well-attended three days event was highlighted by the presence of top researchers in the field who presented their work in Biocomputing. This volume contains a selective collection of ref ereed papers based on talks presented at this conference. You will find seminal contributions in genomics, global optimization, computational neuroscience, FMRI, brain dynamics, epileptic seizure prediction and cancer diagnostics. We would like to take the opportunity to thank the sponsors, the authors of the papers, the anonymous referees, and Kluwer Academic Publishers for making the conference successful and the publication of this volume possible. Panos M. Pardalos and Jose C.
Author: Andrew Adamatzky Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781852335403 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 588
Book Description
Collision-Based Computing presents a unique overview of computation with mobile self-localized patterns in non-linear media, including computation in optical media, mathematical models of massively parallel computers, and molecular systems. It covers such diverse subjects as conservative computation in billiard ball models and its cellular-automaton analogues, implementation of computing devices in lattice gases, Conway's Game of Life and discrete excitable media, theory of particle machines, computation with solitons, logic of ballistic computing, phenomenology of computation, and self-replicating universal computers. Collision-Based Computing will be of interest to researchers working on relevant topics in Computing Science, Mathematical Physics and Engineering. It will also be useful background reading for postgraduate courses such as Optical Computing, Nature-Inspired Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Smart Engineering Systems, Complex and Adaptive Systems, Parallel Computation, Applied Mathematics and Computational Physics.
Author: Grzegorz Rozenberg Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783540929093 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 2052
Book Description
Natural Computing is the field of research that investigates both human-designed computing inspired by nature and computing taking place in nature, i.e., it investigates models and computational techniques inspired by nature and also it investigates phenomena taking place in nature in terms of information processing. Examples of the first strand of research covered by the handbook include neural computation inspired by the functioning of the brain; evolutionary computation inspired by Darwinian evolution of species; cellular automata inspired by intercellular communication; swarm intelligence inspired by the behavior of groups of organisms; artificial immune systems inspired by the natural immune system; artificial life systems inspired by the properties of natural life in general; membrane computing inspired by the compartmentalized ways in which cells process information; and amorphous computing inspired by morphogenesis. Other examples of natural-computing paradigms are molecular computing and quantum computing, where the goal is to replace traditional electronic hardware, e.g., by bioware in molecular computing. In molecular computing, data are encoded as biomolecules and then molecular biology tools are used to transform the data, thus performing computations. In quantum computing, one exploits quantum-mechanical phenomena to perform computations and secure communications more efficiently than classical physics and, hence, traditional hardware allows. The second strand of research covered by the handbook, computation taking place in nature, is represented by investigations into, among others, the computational nature of self-assembly, which lies at the core of nanoscience, the computational nature of developmental processes, the computational nature of biochemical reactions, the computational nature of bacterial communication, the computational nature of brain processes, and the systems biology approach to bionetworks where cellular processes are treated in terms of communication and interaction, and, hence, in terms of computation. We are now witnessing exciting interaction between computer science and the natural sciences. While the natural sciences are rapidly absorbing notions, techniques and methodologies intrinsic to information processing, computer science is adapting and extending its traditional notion of computation, and computational techniques, to account for computation taking place in nature around us. Natural Computing is an important catalyst for this two-way interaction, and this handbook is a major record of this important development.
Author: Andrew Adamatzky Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1849962170 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 576
Book Description
In the late 1960s British mathematician John Conway invented a virtual mathematical machine that operates on a two-dimensional array of square cell. Each cell takes two states, live and dead. The cells’ states are updated simultaneously and in discrete time. A dead cell comes to life if it has exactly three live neighbours. A live cell remains alive if two or three of its neighbours are alive, otherwise the cell dies. Conway’s Game of Life became the most programmed solitary game and the most known cellular automaton. The book brings together results of forty years of study into computational, mathematical, physical and engineering aspects of The Game of Life cellular automata. Selected topics include phenomenology and statistical behaviour; space-time dynamics on Penrose tilling and hyperbolic spaces; generation of music; algebraic properties; modelling of financial markets; semi-quantum extensions; predicting emergence; dual-graph based analysis; fuzzy, limit behaviour and threshold scaling; evolving cell-state transition rules; localization dynamics in quasi-chemical analogues of GoL; self-organisation towards criticality; asynochrous implementations. The volume is unique because it gives a comprehensive presentation of the theoretical and experimental foundations, cutting-edge computation techniques and mathematical analysis of the fabulously complex, self-organized and emergent phenomena defined by incredibly simple rules.
Author: Pierluigi Frisco
Author: Pierluigi Frisco
Author: William W. Cohen
Author: Dennis Bray
Author: Cris Calude
Author: Andrzej Ehrenfeucht
Author: R. Paton
Author: Panos M. Pardalos
Author: Andrew Adamatzky
Author: Grzegorz Rozenberg
Author: Andrew Adamatzky