Composition and Dynamics of Macroinvertebrate Communities in Two Intermittent Streams PDF Download

Author: Andrew John Boulton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biotic communities
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Patrick O'Sullivan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405141107
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 568

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Continuing concern about water supply and quality, ecosystem sustainability and restoration demands that the modern approach to the management of lakes and reservoirs should be based on a sound understanding of the application of the scientific and ecological principles that underlie freshwater processes. The Lakes Handbook provides an up-to-date overview of the application of ecologically sound approaches, methods and tools using experience gained around the world for an understanding of lakes and their management. Volume one of the Handbook addresses the physical and biological aspects of lakes pertinent to lake management, emphasising those aspects particularly relevant to large, still bodies of water. Volume two then considers lake management, with particular emphasis on sustainability, restoration and rehabilitation. This handbook will be invaluable to ecologists, environmental scientists, physical geographers and hydrologists involved in limnological research, as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students looking for authoritative reviews of the key areas of limnological study.

Author: Peter P. Calow
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 144431386X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 536

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Fast changing legislation and increasing environmental awarenesswithin the non-scientific community demands that the modernapproach to the management of rivers and water resources should bebased on a sound understanding and application of the scientificand ecological principles that underlie freshwater processes. Intwo volumes, The Rivers Handbook offers an expert andexhaustive insight into the principles, methods and tools of modernriver management - always within an integrated and environmentallyacceptable framework. This second volume develops the principlesand philosophies expounded in the first volume into the managementsphere, organizing the approach around problems, diagnosis andtreatment. A fully comprehensive reference to sound methods of modernriver management. The ideal information resource for all river managers.

Author: Robert Clayton Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Invertebrates
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
The future expansion of urban areas is one of the most pervasive threats to the natural environment and the services it provides society. In this dissertation, the dynamics of stream macroinvertebrate community structure, secondary production and carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus stoichiometry along an urban development gradient in Louisville, KY are assessed. Chapter 1 provides a brief review of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems with an emphasis on macroinvertebrate communities. In Chapter 2, the effects of urbanization on macroinvertebrate and fish communities are assessed at 24 stream sites that drain catchments with varying degrees of urbanization in Louisville. The analysis revealed strong relationships between urbanization, in-stream disturbances induced by urbanization and both biotic communities. In chapter 3, the temporal variation in macroinvertebrate community structure of six streams in Louisville is assessed. From this analysis, it was apparent that temporal variation in macroinvertebrate taxon abundances throughout the year, which primarily resulted from taxon life history differences, can affect the interpretation of biotic indices used to assess the biological integrity of streams. In chapter 4, macroinvertebrate secondary production (i.e. the rate of macroinvertebrate biomass accumulation over time) we quantified at each of the six sites assessed in Chapter 3, and identifies possible regulatory factors of macroinvertebrate production along the urban gradient. In this analysis, macroinvertebrate secondary production was strongly associated with changes in the quantity and quality of food resources at each site. Finally, in chapter 5, macroinvertebrate production data (Chapter 4) are combined with the carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus body elemental contents of each macroinvertebrate taxon to determine how differences in macroinvertebrate community structure and secondary production at each site affect the flow of these vital elements through macroinvertebrate communities. Strong relationships we observed between phosphorus loading into streams, macroinvertebrate production, and the carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus stoichiometry of macroinvertebrate communities at each site. Overall, these results suggest that stream biodiversity is greatly reduced with increasing urbanization in Louisville. Moreover, in addition to losses of biodiversity, secondary production stoichiometric analyses, which are relatively unstudied phenomena in urban streams, indicate potential changes in the roles of these communities in the fundamental ecosystem processes of energy flow and nutrient cycling.

Author: Thibault Datry
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128039043
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624

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Book Description
Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. - Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples - Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach - Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers

Author: Emily R. Arsenault
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquaculture
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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Headwater streams have some of the best quality water in the country (Dissmeyer 2000). Because headwaters eventually flow into other downstream water bodies like rivers and lakes, they are important places to focus research and conservation efforts. All streams in this study had good water quality based on several assessments of macroinvertebrate communities. 1. Judging from metrics of abundance, richness, EPT, and HBI, all study streams had very good water quality. Thirty-nine total families were observed among the three streams. Whittier Stream was the least healthy of the three, most likely as a result of human disturbances such as a road crossing, fishpond, and mill remnants. It is probable these habitat alterations are having an effect on downstream benthic communities. 2. The riparian zone of each stream was forested and stable, but there were some eroding banks at some points along the study reaches. The abundance of sensitive macroinvertebrates (measured using representative Orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) increased with increasing percent canopy cover and decreased with high percentages of sand characterizing the streambed. 3. Macroinvertebrates can be categorized into functional feeding groups based on feeding behavior. Shredders should hypothetically be in high abundance in headwater streams due to high riparian organic matter inputs. However, observed shredders were limited. This may be due to seasonal changes in functional feeding group ratios. In addition, all study streams had a predator/prey ratio that was higher than the ratio expected for a typical stream, which suggests that there might be an abundance of prey biomass in the study stream headwaters. 4. Based on results from stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen, most macroinvertebrates within the study streams seem to be omnivorous. The most complex food web was observed at Stony Brook. Food webs of Beaver Brook and Stony Brook showed similar trophic clustering, a pattern that might be indicative of streams with excellent water quality.

Author: Colbert E. Cushing
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520245679
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 834

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This ia a synopsis and review of the major rivers of the world.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 804

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Author: Keysa G. Rosas-Rodriguez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 78

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Author's abstract: Variation in long-term temperature and precipitation patterns will likely influence the decomposition and export of benthic organic matter and influence aquatic macroinvertebrate consumer communities. Tropical systems are relatively understudied; therefore basal information is urgently needed. As part of an ongoing long-term study, we monitored macroinvertebrates in two shrimp-dominated and fishless headwater streams within the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico from 2009-2010. We combined growth rates with yearly biomass data to calculate secondary production and examined gut contents to develop quantitative food webs. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were dominated by a few insect taxa, with similar biotic composition across streams and habitats, but different structure amongst habitats. Biomass and abundance were generally greater in pools, suggesting that pools may provide habitat stability and shelter. Alternatively, shrimp may provide secondary benefits by removing fine sediments given their high density of in pools. Overall, aquatic insects had low biomass; therefore, their production was relatively low as is the case in most tropical areas. However, their turnover rates were not as high as expected. Secondary production appears to rely more on amorphous detritus and allochthonous organic matter rather than algal resources. These data are an important first step towards predicting the long-term effects that expected changes in rainfall and discharge will have in tropical stream communities.

Author: P. de Deckker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400948204
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 669

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Book Description
Australia is the world's driest inhabited continent. Water is our limiting resource. It might therefore be thought that our water resources would be the subject of the most intensive study. Certain aspects, it must be conceded, have received much attention, notably the availability of water in terms of actual quantity. The size of the surface water and the groundwater resource is well understood and indeed receives about as much study as can reasonably be expected in a country with as sparse a population and level of scientific manpower as ours. Although the importance of understanding the water resource in terms of quantity is widely accepted, what has not been generally appreciated is that for this resource to be 'available' to human society for all the different uses to which it is put, it is not sufficient that there exists within easy reach of the end users a certain total volume of water. For that water to fulfil its functions-for agriculture, industry, the home, recreation, biological conservation-it must be in a certain state: it must conform to certain chemical, physical and biological criteria, and what has not been sufficiently appreciated in Australian society is that the condition a water is in depends very much on the ecology of the waterbody in which it resides. There are waterbodies in the world, for example high-altitude glacial lakes, which are naturally so pristine that their water could be used for any purpose without treatment.