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Author: Olena Kis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Complex antiretroviral therapy has introduced new obstacles in the treatment of HIV infection such as management of drug-induced toxicities and drug-drug interactions, which are often attributed to changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism. However, interactions between drugs that do not share the same metabolic pathway, such as HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) and nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), remain unexplained. In addition, some PIs (e.g., atazanavir) have pH dependent oral bioavailability and interact with acid-reducing agents, through an unknown mechanism that may involve increased gastrointestinal pH. Human intestinal epithelium expresses a number of ATP-binding cassette transporters (e.g., P-glycoprotein) and solute carrier transporters (e.g., organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs)), which can restrict or facilitate intestinal drug absorption. The goal of this thesis was to examine the role of drug transporters in regulating atazanavir permeability and their contribution to atazanavir drug-drug interactions in the intestine. Atazanavir permeability was examined using Caco-2 monolayers, an.
Author: Olena Kis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Complex antiretroviral therapy has introduced new obstacles in the treatment of HIV infection such as management of drug-induced toxicities and drug-drug interactions, which are often attributed to changes in cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism. However, interactions between drugs that do not share the same metabolic pathway, such as HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) and nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), remain unexplained. In addition, some PIs (e.g., atazanavir) have pH dependent oral bioavailability and interact with acid-reducing agents, through an unknown mechanism that may involve increased gastrointestinal pH. Human intestinal epithelium expresses a number of ATP-binding cassette transporters (e.g., P-glycoprotein) and solute carrier transporters (e.g., organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs)), which can restrict or facilitate intestinal drug absorption. The goal of this thesis was to examine the role of drug transporters in regulating atazanavir permeability and their contribution to atazanavir drug-drug interactions in the intestine. Atazanavir permeability was examined using Caco-2 monolayers, an.
Author: Tony K. L. Kiang Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811021139 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Clinically-focussed, with easily accessible tables and chapter summaries suitable for clinicians and researchers, this comprehensive book provides a systematic, critical evaluation of the current literature. An updated clinical decision-making algorithm specifically tailored to the antiretroviral drugs is also provided. The identified interactions are interpreted in the context of known mechanisms derived from clinical, preclinical, and in vitro data. The clinical relevance of the interactions is systematically evaluated and gaps in literature discussed in the context of potential future experiments. In addition to the comprehensive summary of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions associated with WHO-recommended antiretroviral drugs on the market today (i.e. nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors), this book also provides detailed section summaries on the epidemiology of HIV infection, diagnosis and pharmacotherapy, basic pharmacology of the individual antiretrovirals, pertinent pre-clinical and in vitro molecular pharmacology, and in vitro drug interaction data available in the literature today.
Author: Guofeng You Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118704983 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1012
Book Description
This new edition overviews drug transporters and presents the principles of drug transport and associated techniques, featuring new chapters on multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins, placental transport, in silico approaches in drug discovery, and regulatory guidance for drug transport studies in drug development. • Describes drug transporter families, mechanisms, and clinical implications along with experimental methods for studying and characterizing drug transporters • Includes new chapters on multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins, placental transport and in silico approaches in drug discovery • Has a new chapter covering regulatory guidance for the evaluation of drug transport in drug development with global criteria used for drug transporters in clinical trials • Arranges material to go from fundamental mechanisms to clinical outcomes, making the book useful for novice and expert readers
Author: Larisa Y. Poluektova Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1493916556 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 536
Book Description
Over the last several years the field of humanized mice has matured and developed into an essential component of translational research for HIV/AIDS. Humanized mice serve both as vehicles for discovery and as highly sophisticated platforms for biomedical research. In addition, humanized mice have demonstrated outstanding potential for the investigation of critical aspects of the infection and pathogenesis of the hepatitis and herpes viruses, as well as highly relevant microbial infections such as tuberculosis and malaria. Humanized Mice for HIV Research provides a comprehensive presentation of the history, evolution, applications, and current state of the art of this unique animal model. An expansion of twelve review articles that were published in Humanized Mice by Springer in 2008 (Eds: Nomura T, Watanabe T, Habu S), this book expertly captures the outstanding progress that has been made in the development, improvement, implementation, and validation of humanized mouse models. The first two parts of this book cover the basics of human-to-mouse xenotransplantation biology, and provide critical information about human immune cell development and function based on individual models created from different immunodeficient strains of mice. The third and fourth parts investigate HIV-1 biology, including different routes of transmission, prevention, treatment, pathogenesis, and the development of adaptive immunity in humanized mice. The fifth part shows the broad applicability of humanized mice for therapeutic development, from long-acting antiretroviral combinations to genetic manipulations with human cells and cell-based approaches. The sixth part includes liver tissue engineering and the expansion of humanized mice for many other human cell-tropic pathogens.
Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190628634 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 705
Book Description
THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.
Author: Jennifer B. Dressman Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420077341 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 432
Book Description
Oral Drug Absorption, Second Edition thoroughly examines the special equipment and methods used to test whether drugs are released adequately when administered orally. The contributors discuss methods for accurately establishing and validating in vitro/in vivo correlations for both MR and IR formulations, as well as alternative approaches for MR an
Author: Saurabh Mehta Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351058185 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
The world continues to lose more than a million lives each year to the HIV epidemic, and nearly two million individuals were infected with HIV in 2017 alone. The new Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by countries of the United Nations in September 2015, include a commitment to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Considerable emphasis on prevention of new infections and treatment of those living with HIV will be needed to make this goal achievable. With nearly 37 million people now living with HIV, it is a communicable disease that behaves like a noncommunicable disease. Nutritional management is integral to comprehensive HIV care and treatment. Improved nutritional status and weight gain can increase recovery and strength of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, improve dietary diversity and caloric intake, and improve quality of life. This book highlights evidence-based research linking nutrition and HIV and identifies research gaps to inform the development of guidelines and policies for the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive approach that includes nutritional interventions is likely to maximize the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV disease progression and other adverse outcomes in HIV-infected men and women. Modification of nutritional status has been shown to enhance the quality of life of those suffering HIV/AIDS, both physically in terms of improved body mass index and immunological markers, and psychologically, by improving symptoms of depression. While the primary focus for those infected should remain on antiretroviral treatment and increasing its availability and coverage, improvement of nutritional status plays a complementary role in the management of HIV infection.
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: ISBN: 9789241549684 Category : AIDS (Disease) Languages : en Pages : 429
Book Description
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.
Author: Shelly Rainforth Collins Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323825168 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1408
Book Description
Find the essential information you need to safely administer more than 400 intravenous drugs! For more than 45 years, Gahart’s Intravenous Medications: A Handbook for Nurses and Health Professionals has been a trusted resource for comprehensive drug coverage, unparalleled accuracy, and an intuitive quick-access format. In addition to updated drug interactions, precautions, alerts, and patient teaching instructions for all existing IV drugs, the 2022 edition includes approximately 10 new monographs of the most recent IV drugs to be approved by the FDA. Administering intravenous drugs is a critical task — inaccurate or out-of-date information is not an option. Known as the #1 IV drug handbook on the market, and with its history of impeccable accuracy, Gahart’s annual publication gives you the extra confidence and guidance you need to safely and effectively treat patients. Monographs on more than 400 IV drugs offer an impressive breadth of coverage that goes well beyond any comparable drug reference. Updated annual publication prevents you from referencing outdated information. Additional drug monographs are provided on the companion Evolve website. 45-year history of impeccable accuracy reinforces the importance of safe IV drug administration. Perfect depth of information equips you with everything that is needed for safe administration of IV drugs — nothing more, nothing less. Proven, clinically optimized format keeps all dosage information for each drug on either a single page or a two-page spread to prevent hand contamination by having to turn a page. Highlighted Black Box Warnings and relevant content make locating critical information fast and easy. Special circumstances in blue-screened text call attention to important circumstances that may not warrant Black Box Warnings. Life-stage dosage variances are highlighted for geriatric, pediatric, infant, and neonatal patients. Dilution and dosage charts within monographs provide quick access to essential clinical information. Convenient, alphabetical format organizes all drug monographs by generic name, allowing you to find any drug in seconds. NEW! Drug monographs for newly approved drugs by the FDA provide you with the most current drug information. Updates on drug interactions, precautions, alerts, and more have been made throughout the guide to reflect all changes to existing medications.
Author: Olena Kis
Author: Olena Kis
Author: Tony K. L. Kiang
Author: Guofeng You
Author: Larisa Y. Poluektova
Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
Author: Jennifer B. Dressman
Author: Saurabh Mehta
Author: World Health Organization
Author: Thomas J. Hope
Author: Shelly Rainforth Collins