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Author: International Monetary Fund Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451805373 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
This paper analyzes competitiveness in the Baltics in the run-up to European Union accession. Several factors appear to have driven movements in equilibrium real exchange rates in the Baltics since the start of the transition process. In the earlier years of transition, price liberalization, increased demand for services and other nontradables, and shifts in domestic production and exports toward higher valued-added products contributed to real appreciation through higher measured inflation. The strength of the real appreciation during these years appears to also reflect the correction of an initial undervaluation of exchange rates.
Author: International Monetary Fund Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451805373 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
This paper analyzes competitiveness in the Baltics in the run-up to European Union accession. Several factors appear to have driven movements in equilibrium real exchange rates in the Baltics since the start of the transition process. In the earlier years of transition, price liberalization, increased demand for services and other nontradables, and shifts in domestic production and exports toward higher valued-added products contributed to real appreciation through higher measured inflation. The strength of the real appreciation during these years appears to also reflect the correction of an initial undervaluation of exchange rates.
Author: Holger C. Wolf Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 0262232650 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 279
Book Description
Employing economic theory, cross-country empirical comparison and case studies, this work analyses the effect of currency boards on inflation, output growth and macroeconomic performance. The case studies come from Argentina, Estonia Lithuania, Bulgaria and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Author: Mr.Yuan Xiao Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 9781589063266 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
Large current account deficits in Estonia and Latvia, and the continued real appreciation of the exchange rate in Lithuania, have prompted concerns about the competitiveness of the Baltic economies, and called into question the sustainability of their current fixed exchange rate arrangements. Recent external performance, however, appears to be explained more by temporary or cyclical developments than by a deterioration in the underlying competitive position of the Baltic economies. This book assesses the competitive position of the Baltic countries and focuses, in particular, on the viability of the countries’ strategy of maintaining their fixed exchange rates on joining the European Union, participating in its exchange rate mechanism, and then adopting the euro at the earliest possible date.
Author: Mr.Richard D. Haas Publisher: International Monetary Fund ISBN: 1451875827 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
The paper is an economic history of the IMF’s involvement in the Baltic states. It describes and analyzes the initial economic stabilization; the period of consolidation and recovery; the effects of the Russian crisis of 1998; and the current growth phases of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. There is also an assessment of cooperation with the Fund based on interviews with a number of ex-officials. The major conclusion is that the Baltics have been so successful because of their early commitment to change the stabilization and reform policies needed for successful transition, and their ownership of their IMF-supported programs.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Author: International Monetary Fund
Author: Holger C. Wolf
Author: Marek Tiits
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Mr.Yuan Xiao
Author: International Monetary Fund
Author: Mr.Richard D. Haas
Author: Dubravko Mihaljek
Author: Marit Hinnosaar