Author: Publisher: Igor Malanchuk
ISBN: 1610614461
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
Book Description
Comparative Thinking
Author: Publisher: Igor Malanchuk
ISBN: 1610614461
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29
Book Description
Comparative Thinking in Biology
Author: Adrian CurriePublisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108575005
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 143
Book Description
Biologists often study living systems in light of their having evolved, of their being the products of various processes of heredity, adaptation, ancestry, and so on. In their investigations, then, biologists think comparatively: they situate lineages into models of those evolutionary processes, comparing their targets with ancestral relatives and with analogous evolutionary outcomes. This element characterizes this mode of investigation - 'comparative thinking' - and puts it to work in understanding why biological science takes the shape it does. Importantly, comparative thinking is local: what we can do with knowledge of a lineage is limited by the evolutionary processes into which it fits. In light of this analysis, the Element examines the experimental study of animal cognition, and macroevolutionary investigation of the 'shape of life', demonstrating the importance of comparative thinking in understanding both the power and limitations of biological knowledge.
The End of Comparative Philosophy and the Task of Comparative Thinking
Author: Steven BurikPublisher: State University of New York Press
ISBN: 1438427425
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 241
Book Description
How do differences in language influence comparative philosophy? Although the Orientalism famously described by Edward Said is rare today, Steven Burik maintains that comparative philosophy often subtly privileges one tradition over another since certain conceptual schemes are so embedded in Western languages that it is difficult not to revert to them. Arguing for a new approach that acknowledges how theory and practice cannot be separated in comparative philosophical endeavors, Burik provides nonmetaphysical, deconstructionist readings of Heidegger and Derrida and uses these to give a new reading of classical Daoism. The ideas of language advanced therein can aid the project of comparative philosophy specifically, and philosophies generally, in trying to overcome ways of thinking that have dominated Western philosophy for twenty-five hundred years and still frustrate intercultural encounters.
Compare & Contrast
Author: Harvey F. SilverPublisher: ASCD
ISBN: 1416610588
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
Here's the perfect tool for implementing the ideas from our best-selling ultimate guide to teaching strategies, The Strategic Teacher. Developed in partnership with over 75 schools, this guide makes it easier and more effective for teams of teachers to engage in professional development using the Compare & Contrast strategy. Included in the guide are activities, sample lessons, student work examples, planning forms, and learning tools that will help you - Understand how Compare & Contrast boosts student memory and cements content. - Plan an effective lesson using Compare & Contrast. - Evaluate your lesson and use your experiences to deepen your understanding of the strategy. - Know what to look for in student work to tell how effective your use of the strategy has been. Be sure to order enough guides to enable every teacher to engage in all the hands-on learning activities.
Comparative Studies of how People Think
Author: Michael ColePublisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674152618
Category : Cognition
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
The psychology of thinking often makes comparisons between different groups. On the whole, these comparisons have rendered substantial knowledge; but often, they have employed faulty organizational logic and yielded unfounded or invidious conclusions. Here, Cole and Means survey the problems involved in comparing how people think.
On Second Thought
Author: Wray HerbertPublisher: Crown
ISBN: 0307461645
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 305
Book Description
Our lives are composed of millions of choices, ranging from trivial to life-changing and momentous. Luckily, our brains have evolved a number of mental shortcuts, biases, and tricks that allow us to quickly negotiate this endless array of decisions. We don’t want to rationally deliberate every choice we make, and thanks to these cognitive rules of thumb, we don’t need to. Yet these hard-wired shortcuts, mental wonders though they may be, can also be perilous. They can distort our thinking in ways that are often invisible to us, leading us to make poor decisions, to be easy targets for manipulators…and they can even cost us our lives. The truth is, despite all the buzz about the power of gut-instinct decision-making in recent years, sometimes it’s better to stop and say, “On second thought . . .” The trick, of course, lies in knowing when to trust that instant response, and when to question it. In On Second Thought, acclaimed science writer Wray Herbert provides the first guide to achieving that balance. Drawing on real-world examples and cutting-edge research, he takes us on a fascinating, wide-ranging journey through our innate cognitive traps and tools, exposing the hidden dangers lurking in familiarity and consistency; the obstacles that keep us from accurately evaluating risk and value; the delusions that make it hard for us to accurately predict the future; the perils of the human yearning for order and simplicity; the ways our fears can color our very perceptions . . . and much more. Along the way, Herbert reveals the often-bizarre cross-connections these shortcuts have secretly ingrained in our brains, answering such questions as why jury decisions may be shaped by our ancient need for cleanliness; what the state of your desk has to do with your political preferences; why loneliness can literally make us shiver; how drawing two dots on a piece of paper can desensitize us to violence… and how the very typeface on this page is affecting your decision about whether or not to buy this book. Ultimately, On Second Thought is both a captivating exploration of the workings of the mind and an invaluable resource for anyone who wants to learn how to make smarter, better judgments every day.
Embodying Culture
Author: Tsipy IvryPublisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 0813548306
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313
Book Description
Embodying Culture is an ethnographically grounded exploration of pregnancy in two different cultures—Japan and Israel—both of which medicalize pregnancy. Tsipy Ivry focuses on "low-risk" or "normal" pregnancies, using cultural comparison to explore the complex relations among ethnic ideas about procreation, local reproductive politics, medical models of pregnancy care, and local modes of maternal agency. The ethnography pieces together the voices of pregnant Japanese and Israeli women, their doctors, their partners, the literature they read, and depicts various clinical encounters such as ultrasound scans, explanatory classes for amniocentesis, birthing classes, and special pregnancy events. The emergent pictures suggest that athough experiences of pregnancy in Japan and Israel differ, pregnancy in both cultures is an energy-consuming project of meaning-making— suggesting that the sense of biomedical technologies are not only in the technologies themselves but are assigned by those who practice and experience them.
Leading Internationalization
Author: Darla K. DeardorffPublisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 100098060X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Co-published with What do university leaders need to know and be able to do to internationalize their institutions?This volume provides senior professionals in international education, increasingly known as Senior International Officers (SIOs), with the foundational knowledge that informs leadership practices, together with suggested strategies for implementing and developing the wide range of functions, activities and skills associated with comprehensive internationalization that will ensure effective support for their institutions’ educational mission in today’s globalized and interdependent world.This book addresses strategic leadership issues in internationalization including strategic planning, shaping the curriculum, recruiting students, risk management, and developing partnerships. Throughout, the Association of International Education Administrators’ (AIEA) Standards of Professional Practice for SIOs and International Education Leaders (reproduced in the appendix) are integrated as a point of reference, providing a much needed guide for international education leaders.This resource is a vital starting point for anyone in a senior leadership role in higher education, as well as for anyone desiring to understand more about this key leadership position essential to higher education institutions in developing institutional global capacity and in educating global-ready graduates.
Animal Thinking
Author: Randolf MenzelPublisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 026201663X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 355
Book Description
Experts from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, ecology, and evolutionary biology assess the field of animal cognition. Do animals have cognitive maps? Do they possess knowledge? Do they plan for the future? Do they understand that others have mental lives of their own? This volume provides a state-of-the-art assessment of animal cognition, with experts from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, ecology, and evolutionary biology addressing these questions in an integrative fashion. It summarizes the latest research, identifies areas where consensus has been reached, and takes on current controversies. Over the last thirty years, the field has shifted from the collection of anecdotes and the pursuit of the subjective experience of animals to a rigorous, hypothesis-driven experimental approach. Taking a skeptical stance, this volume stresses the notion that in many cases relatively simple rules may account for rather complex and flexible behaviors. The book critically evaluates current concepts and puts a strong focus on the psychological mechanisms that underpin animal behavior. It offers comparative analyses that reveal common principles as well as adaptations that evolved in particular species in response to specific selective pressures. It assesses experimental approaches to the study of animal navigation, decision making, social cognition, and communication and suggests directions for future research. The book promotes a research program that seeks to understand animals' cognitive abilities and behavioral routines as individuals and as members of social groups.
Developing Thinking; Developing Learning
Author: McGregor, DebraPublisher: McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN: 033521780X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 350
Book Description
The author discusses how thinking programmes, learning activities and teachers' pedagogy in the classroom can fundamentally affect the nature of pupils' thinking, and considers the effects of the learning environment created by peers and teachers.