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Author: Sherry Muterspaugh Walling Publisher: ISBN: Category : Community development personnel Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
Violence continues to plague urban communities. The impact of community violence has been widely researched in children and adolescents; however, adult members of urban communities have been largely overlooked. The current study investigated the community violence exposure of 284 urban community development workers across five U.S. cities. Exposure to community violence, history of adverse childhood experiences, and current level of posttraumatic distress were assessed in order to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences moderate the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic distress. The findings indicate that urban workers are exposed to high levels of community violence with 74.9% reporting direct victimization and 99% reporting indirect violence exposure. In addition, 99% of participants reported exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and 14% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A multiple regression analysis confirmed that adverse childhood experiences and community violence exposure were significantly positively related to PTSD. However, the significant interaction between the two predictors was suppressing rather than enhancing, indicating the salience of ACEs over and above community violence in predicting increased PTSD symptoms when both variables are present. Implications for urban work agencies are discussed.
Author: Sherry Muterspaugh Walling Publisher: ISBN: Category : Community development personnel Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
Violence continues to plague urban communities. The impact of community violence has been widely researched in children and adolescents; however, adult members of urban communities have been largely overlooked. The current study investigated the community violence exposure of 284 urban community development workers across five U.S. cities. Exposure to community violence, history of adverse childhood experiences, and current level of posttraumatic distress were assessed in order to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences moderate the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic distress. The findings indicate that urban workers are exposed to high levels of community violence with 74.9% reporting direct victimization and 99% reporting indirect violence exposure. In addition, 99% of participants reported exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and 14% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A multiple regression analysis confirmed that adverse childhood experiences and community violence exposure were significantly positively related to PTSD. However, the significant interaction between the two predictors was suppressing rather than enhancing, indicating the salience of ACEs over and above community violence in predicting increased PTSD symptoms when both variables are present. Implications for urban work agencies are discussed.
Author: Jeanette I. Lantz Publisher: ISBN: Category : Nonprofit organizations Languages : en Pages : 212
Book Description
Research indicates community violence exposure (CVE) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are significant challenges faced by aid workers. Additionally, national aid workers have been identified as being at greater risk for PTSD than international staff. The relationship between CVE and PTSD has yet to be studied in national aid workers. Also, it is unclear if gender is an important factor in the development of PTSD in national aid workers. These variables were examined in national aid workers in Guatemala. High levels of both CVE and PTSD symptomatology were present and a significant relationship was demonstrated between the two variables. However, gender was not a significant factor in determining who was more likely to experience PTSD symptoms.
Author: Alexandra Clara Linscott Publisher: ISBN: Category : Fate and fatalism Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
Political turmoil, violence, and poverty are well known factors that have ravaged the country of El Salvador over the last century. Before his assassination, psychologist Ignacio Martin-Baró wrote extensively about the impact of these traumas on the Salvadorian people, and how the internalization of these struggles lead to a fatalistic worldview. Using measures of community violence exposure, fatalism, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the current study explored these variables in a sample of Salvadorian educators. Statistical analyses indicated a significant positive correlation between community violence exposure and PTSD, although no significant correlation between community violence exposure and fatalism was found. A third hypothesis of fatalism acting as a mediator between community violence exposure and PTSD was not supported.
Author: Alice Fothergill Publisher: University of Texas Press ISBN: 1477305467 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
When children experience upheaval and trauma, adults often view them as either vulnerable and helpless or as resilient and able to easily “bounce back.” But the reality is far more complex for the children and youth whose lives are suddenly upended by disaster. How are children actually affected by catastrophic events and how do they cope with the damage and disruption? Children of Katrina offers one of the only long-term, multiyear studies of young people following disaster. Sociologists Alice Fothergill and Lori Peek spent seven years after Hurricane Katrina interviewing and observing several hundred children and their family members, friends, neighbors, teachers, and other caregivers. In this book, they focus intimately on seven children between the ages of three and eighteen, selected because they exemplify the varied experiences of the larger group. They find that children followed three different post-disaster trajectories—declining, finding equilibrium, and fluctuating—as they tried to regain stability. The children’s moving stories illuminate how a devastating disaster affects individual health and well-being, family situations, housing and neighborhood contexts, schooling, peer relationships, and extracurricular activities. This work also demonstrates how outcomes were often worse for children who were vulnerable and living in crisis before the storm. Fothergill and Peek clarify what kinds of assistance children need during emergency response and recovery periods, as well as the individual, familial, social, and structural factors that aid or hinder children in getting that support.
Author: Amy A. Potts Publisher: ISBN: Category : Forgiveness Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
Research indicates that exposure to violence and the subsequent development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) threaten vulnerable populations in high-conflict areas. As a result of civil war and residual community violence (CV), Salvadorans experience trauma in multiple contexts. This study explores the relationships between exposure to CV, forgiveness, and PTSD. Literature searches reveal a lack of trauma research in cross-cultural settings. This study utilized survey data from 193 Salvadoran teachers and administrators. Findings indicated a significant positive correlation betvieen exposure to CV and PTSD severity, and a significant negative correlation between forgiveness and PTSD severity. Contrary to the 3rd hypothesis, forgiveness was not found to moderate the relationship between CV and PTSD. Implications for caregivers in similar settings are discussed.
Author: Sherry Muterspaugh Walling
Author: Sherry Muterspaugh Walling
Author: Claudine C. Hyatt
Author: Jeanette I. Lantz
Author: Amy McAdams
Author: Alexandra Clara Linscott
Author: Alice Fothergill
Author: Jordana Nejman-Muhlmeister
Author: Luann Pederson Pannell
Author: Amy A. Potts
Author: Stacy L. McLain