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Author: Robert Nichols Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 126
Book Description
"In 2004, as fighting continued in Iraq and Afghanistan moved towards elections, a third aspect of the 'war on terrorism' involved US pressure on Pakistan to eliminate Taliban remnants and foreign, especially Al Qaeda, militants from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border." "Throughout 2004, Pakistan used political negotiation and military force to crush or disperse militants and Pakistani sympathizers, especially near the town of Wana in South Waziristan. Pakistani tactics, derived from British colonial methods, included negotiating with tribal councils, economic blockades, the destruction of homes, mass arrests, and military attacks." "This short volume reprints two, one-hundred-year-old colonial reports on FATA regions, one on Wana and one on the Adam Khel Afridi homelands located near Peshawar. For generations, governments have tried to understand and control FATA regions. These reports suggest the difficulty that state builders with centralizing ambitions have always had in prevailing against semi-independent communities yet to be fully integrated into wider political, economic and administrative systems."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Robert Nichols Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 126
Book Description
"In 2004, as fighting continued in Iraq and Afghanistan moved towards elections, a third aspect of the 'war on terrorism' involved US pressure on Pakistan to eliminate Taliban remnants and foreign, especially Al Qaeda, militants from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border." "Throughout 2004, Pakistan used political negotiation and military force to crush or disperse militants and Pakistani sympathizers, especially near the town of Wana in South Waziristan. Pakistani tactics, derived from British colonial methods, included negotiating with tribal councils, economic blockades, the destruction of homes, mass arrests, and military attacks." "This short volume reprints two, one-hundred-year-old colonial reports on FATA regions, one on Wana and one on the Adam Khel Afridi homelands located near Peshawar. For generations, governments have tried to understand and control FATA regions. These reports suggest the difficulty that state builders with centralizing ambitions have always had in prevailing against semi-independent communities yet to be fully integrated into wider political, economic and administrative systems."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Salman Bangash Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 9780199403417 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book deals with one of the most complicated frontier quandaries ever faced by the British Empire in India, as the British Raj attempted either to control or accommodate the Pakhtuns of the North West Frontier, because the British colonial interest clashed with the centuries-old tribal formation. The Tribal Belt was one of the most ungovernable, perilous, and hazardous regions among the British Empires many frontiers spread across the globe. For centuries, the tribes defied all those who wanted to extricate and dislodge them from their strategic position straddling the natural gateways leading from Turkistan (Central Asia) into the Indian subcontinent. For the British, tribal structure and organization, and their socio-political and religious dynamics, were something quite new, challenging, and exigent. The tribes that populated the area were left outside the British administrative structures of settled India, and instead ruled them with a peculiar and unprecedented tribal administrative structure which fulfilled their imperial interests. The book discusses in detail the political, administrative, and social intricacies of the Tribal belt under British rule.
Author: Robert Nichols Publisher: OUP Pakistan ISBN: 9780199066735 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume contains primary source documents related to the writing of the Punjab Frontier Crimes Regulation of 1887 and ensuing years of debate over the need for additional revisions to the FCR. In the years after 11 September 2001, a period of turmoil in Afghanistan and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan, such debates were urgently continued, even as power relations meant they were less urgently acted upon.
Author: Farooq Yousaf Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 9780367612115 Category : Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book explains how colonial legacies and the postcolonial state of Pakistan negatively influenced the socio-political and cultural dynamics and the security situation in Pakistan's Pashtun 'tribal' areas, formerly known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). It offers a local perspective on peace and conflict resolution in Pakistan's Pashtun 'tribal' region. Discussing the history and background of the former-FATA region, the role of Pashtun conflict resolution mechanism of Jirga, and the persistence of colonial-era Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR) in the region, the author argues that the persistence of colonial legacies in the Pashtun 'tribal' areas, especially the FCR, coupled with the overarching influence of the military on security policy has negatively impacted the security situation in the region. By focusing on the Jirga and Jirga-based Lashkars (or Pashtun militias), the book demonstrates how Pashtuns have engaged in their own initiatives to handle the rise of militancy in their region. Moreover, the book contends that, even after the introduction of constitutional reforms and FATA's merger with the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, little has changed in the region, especially regarding the treatment of 'tribal' Pashtuns as equal citizens of Pakistan. This book explains, in detail, why indigenous methods of peace and conflict resolution, such as the Jirga, could play "some" role towards long-term peace in the South Asian region. Historically and contextually informed with a focus on North-West Pakistan, this book will be of interest to academics researching South Asian Studies, International Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies, terrorism, and traditional justice and restorative forms of peace-making.
Author: Hugh Beattie Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1838600841 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 327
Book Description
Waziristan, a region on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, has in recent years become a flash point in the so-called 'War on Terror'. Hugh Beattie looks at the history of this region, examining British attempts to manage the tribes from 1849 until Pakistan's declaration of independence in 1947. He explores British attempts to divide the frontier region into separate British and Afghan spheres of influence. In the minds of British policymakers, this demarcation would secure the position of the Empire, and so Beattie highlights the various policy initiatives towards the frontier region over the period in question. Crucially, he analyses how the British perceived the local tribes, what constituted authority within tribal frameworks, and the military and political ramifications of these perceptions. As he also explores the contemporary relevance of this region, taking into account the resurgence of the Taliban in Waziristan, Beattie's analysis is vital for those interested in the history and security implications of the Afghan frontier with Pakistan.
Author: Sana Haroon Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 9780199326365 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Sana Haroon examines religious organisation and mobilisation in the North-West Frontier Tribal Areas, a non-administered region on the Indo-Afghan border. The Tribal Areas was defined topographically as a strategic zone of defence for British India, but also determined to be socially distinct and hence left outside the judicial, legislative and social institutions of greater colonial India. Conditions of Tribal Areas autonomy came to emphasize the role and importance of the mullahs operating in the region, and the mullahs jealously protected this administrative alienation. Despite its great distance from the centers of political organization in India and Afghanistan, the frontier occasionally functioned as a military organization ground for both Indian and Afghan anti-colonial activists until independence and partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. Thereafter the Tribal Areas maintained status as an administratively and socially autonomous region in both the Afghan and Pakistani national imaginations and cartographic descriptions. The regional mullas continued to contribute to armed mobilizations of national importance in Pakistan and in Afghanistan over the next half century, in return for which nationalist actors supported the mullahs and their personal interest in regional autonomy. This was the hinterland of successive, contradictory jihads in support of Pakhtun ethnicism, anti-colonial nationalism, Pakistani territorialism, religious revivalism, Afghan anti-Soviet resistance, and anti-Americanism. Only the claim to autonomy persisted unchanged and uncompromised, and within that claim the functional role of religious leaders as social moderators and ideological guides was preserved. From outside, patrons recognised and supported that claim, reliant in their own ways on the possibilities the autonomous Tribal Areas and its mullahs afforded.
Author: Elisabeth Leake Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1107126029 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 279
Book Description
This book explores why the Afghan-Pakistan borderlands have remained largely independent of state controls throughout the twentieth century.
Author: Shivaji Mukherjee Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108844995 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 415
Book Description
Shows how colonial indirect rule and land tenure institutions create state weakness, ethnic inequality and insurgency in India, and around the world.
Author: Thomas Simpson Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108840191 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
An innovative account of how distinctive forms of colonial power and knowledge developed at the territorial fringes of British India. Thomas Simpson considers the role of frontier officials as surveyors, cartographers and ethnographers, military violence in frontier regions and the impact of the frontier experience on colonial administration.
Author: Robert Nichols
Author: Robert Nichols
Author: Salman Bangash
Author: Robert Nichols
Author: Farooq Yousaf
Author: Hugh Beattie
Author: Sana Haroon
Author: Elisabeth Leake
Author: Shivaji Mukherjee
Author: Shuja Nawaz
Author: Thomas Simpson