Coding of temporal relations in semantic memory PDF Download

Author: Frank Krüger
Publisher: Waxmann Verlag
ISBN: 9783830959434
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 172

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Author: Frank Krüger
Publisher: Waxmann Verlag
ISBN: 9783893259434
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 141

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Author: Benton J. Underwood
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317704843
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 169

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Given two events, both of which are well remembered, can we specify which event occurred first? If so, how? For example, did Nixon resign, before or after Billie Jean King beat Bobby Riggs? Originally published in 1977, little was known about the accuracy of temporal codes for memories, and still less about the nature of the codes. This volume addresses the central question of the mechanisms by which order information is attached to memories. The results of sixteen previously unpublished experiments indicate the role of some independent variables on temporal coding in relatively short-term memory and in long-term memory. Several experiments, in which changes in proactive inhibition are used as an index of temporal differentiation, show that the nature of the words making up the lists is involved fundamentally in temporal coding. Other experiments demonstrate that in relatively short-term memory a subject cannot learn to improve his performance in estimating how far apart in time two events occurred. Still other experiments show that recency judgments for two events improve with practice, but the improvement is independent of the temporal separation. The context in which memories are established is shown to influence temporal codes only if an ordering metric is part of the context. The author advances several theoretical propositions to account for the various findings. In doing so he has given initial structuring for subsequent research to a neglected area. This volume will still be of significant interest to all those interested in learning and memory.

Author: Endel Tulving
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 448

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Author: Patricia J. Brooks
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889631516
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 141

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Humans manifest an acute awareness of the passage of time and capacity for mental time travel, i.e., the ability to mentally place oneself in the past or future, as well as in counterfactual or hypothetical situations. The ability to perceive, estimate, and keep track of time involves multiple forms of representation (temporal concepts and frames of reference) and sensory modalities. Temporal cognition plays a critical role in various forms of memory (e.g., autobiographical memory, episodic memory, prospective memory), future-oriented thinking (foresight, planning), self-concepts, and autonoetic consciousness. This Research Topic addresses the myriad ways that temporal cognition impacts human behavior, how it develops, its clinical relevance, and the extent to which aspects of temporal cognition are uniquely human. Papers in this Research Topic focus on the following: 1) Low-level perceptual mechanisms that track durations, intervals, and other temporal features of stimuli. 2) Inter-relatedness of temporal reasoning and language development. 3) Temporal cognition in children with autism. 4) Cross-domain mappings between space and time across visual and auditory modalities. 5) Assessing mental time travel as a uniquely human capacity. 6) Implications of individual differences in temporal processing for health and well-being.

Author: Edward C. Carterette
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 1483276228
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 449

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Handbook of Perception, Volume VIII: Perceptual Coding covers perceptual coding of space, time, and objects, including sensory memory systems and the relations between verbal and perceptual codes. This volume contains contributions that focus on such subjects as the compound eye; the problems of the perceptual constancies and of intersensory coordination in perceptual development; the visual perception of objects in space; and perception of motion. Topics on the perception of color, the representation of temporal, auditory, and haptic perception; and the relationship between verbal and perceptual codes are discussed in detail as well. This book will be of use to psychologists, biologists, and those interested in the study of perceptual codes.

Author: Wolfgang Klimesch
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134777701
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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How is information stored and retrieved from long-term memory? It is argued that any systematic attempt to answer this question should be based on a particular set of specific representational assumptions that have led to the development of a new memory theory -- the connectivity model. One of the crucial predictions of this model is that, in sharp contrast to traditional theories, the speed of processing information increases as the amount and complexity of integrated knowledge increases. In this volume, the predictions of the model are examined by analyzing the results of a variety of different experiments and by studying the outcome of the simulation program CONN1, which illustrates the representation of complex semantic structures. In the final chapter, the representational assumptions of the connectivity model are evaluated on the basis of neuroanatomical and physiological evidence -- suggesting that neuroscience provides valuable knowledge which should guide the development of memory theories.

Author: Benton J. Underwood
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 9781138988620
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 178

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Book Description
Given two events, both of which are well remembered, can we specify which event occurred first? If so, how? For example, did Nixon resign, before or after Billie Jean King beat Bobby Riggs? Originally published in 1977, little was known about the accuracy of temporal codes for memories, and still less about the nature of the codes. This volume addresses the central question of the mechanisms by which order information is attached to memories. The results of sixteen previously unpublished experiments indicate the role of some independent variables on temporal coding in relatively short-term memory and in long-term memory. Several experiments, in which changes in proactive inhibition are used as an index of temporal differentiation, show that the nature of the words making up the lists is involved fundamentally in temporal coding. Other experiments demonstrate that in relatively short-term memory a subject cannot learn to improve his performance in estimating how far apart in time two events occurred. Still other experiments show that recency judgments for two events improve with practice, but the improvement is independent of the temporal separation. The context in which memories are established is shown to influence temporal codes only if an ordering metric is part of the context. The author advances several theoretical propositions to account for the various findings. In doing so he has given initial structuring for subsequent research to a neglected area. This volume will still be of significant interest to all those interested in learning and memory.

Author: Henk Visser
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351845950
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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The aim of this volume is to revitalise the debate about the concepts of time implicit in the study of aging. The many problems related to aging and the aged put an enormous pressure on the gerontological community to come up with practical applications and solutions. In considering research findings, we must keep in mind the basic assumptions that shape and influence even the most obvious statements about aging. In this multidisciplinary volume, the contributors take on the important task of exploring real issues concerning temporal concepts and approaches to aging; and the concepts of time that are used in thinking about aging determine to a large extent the way aging is approached. Most studies of aging still use a chronological approach to define populations for research purposes (that is, to determine which "aged" should be studied) and to establish how people's characteristics (social, economic, health and so forth) change as a function of age. This approach may lead to an accumulation of data, but does not in itself lead to explanatory knowledge. The step from chronological time to chronological age should be taken cautiously if we want to consider aging processes seriously, especially because chronological age is widely used in contemporary societies as a basis for regulating all kinds of processes, with many consequences for individuals. The arguments presented here do not deny the finitude of human life, nor do they deny that "aging" can be observed in any individual if we compare the characteristics of that person over a relatively long period. The question is how to approach these themes to get a better understanding. To achieve this, we need to understand the specific significance and relativity of chronological time and uncover unfounded deductions about time in relation to aging. This book will be of interested to students and professors of the social sciences, humanities and aging, including the methodology of aging studies; professionals working in the field of aging, including sociologists, psychologists and biologists.

Author: William Glenn Clingempeel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Comprehension
Languages : en
Pages : 112

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