Cluster Ion Beam Studies of Fundamental Dynamics Related to Physical Deposition; Kinematic Sample Mounting System for Accurate Positioning of Transferrable Samples; Sintering, Oxidation, and Chemical Properties of Size-Selected Nickel Clusters on TiO2 (110); Deposition Dynamics and Chemical Properties of Size-Selected Ir Clusters on TiO2 PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
This final report and the three journal articles following it support the complementary scientific goals of both AFOSR and DOE: stable catalysts for monopropellant decomposition, and the effects of cluster size and support defects on catalytic activity and selectivity, respectively. With the agreement of AFOSR, the original DOE effort was refocused on cluster deposition as a means to prepare and study model catalysts composed of size-selected clusters on oxide supports. The objectives were to probe the effects of cluster size, substrate structure, and deposition conditions on catalytic activity. The focus was on catalysts for monopropellant decomposition in spacecraft thrusters. During the first half of the grant period instrument upgrades were conducted to support the catalysis experiments. These uprades included improvements in the cluster deposition beamline, addition of low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), addition of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and the redesign of sample holders and TPD station. The first experiment focused on the use of ISS to characterize size-selected deposited clusters by studying Ni(n)/TiO2 samples. The effects of deposition energy and support preparation conditions on the oxidation side of the clusters were examined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ISS was used to characterize the dispersion of Ni on the support and provide insight into binding morphology. The second study used iridium as the catalyst of choice for monopropellant decomposition with rutile TiO2 as the initial substrate. Experiments also were conducted on XPS, ISS, C(superscript 16)O and C(superscript 18)O adsorption and desorption behavior to characterize deposited iridium clusters, the adsorption of adventitious CO on Ir(n)/TiO2 samples, and CO TPD from Ir2 and Ir10 following different CO exposure sequences. (10 figures, 36 refs.).

Author: Devesh Kumar Avasthi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400712294
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292

View

Book Description
Ion beams have been used for decades for characterizing and analyzing materials. Now energetic ion beams are providing ways to modify the materials in unprecedented ways. This book highlights the emergence of high-energy swift heavy ions as a tool for tailoring the properties of materials with nanoscale structures. Swift heavy ions interact with materials by exciting/ionizing electrons without directly moving the atoms. This opens a new horizon towards the 'so-called' soft engineering. The book discusses the ion beam technology emerging from the non-equilibrium conditions and emphasizes the power of controlled irradiation to tailor the properties of various types of materials for specific needs.

Author: Mehdi Afshari
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081009119
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 650

View

Book Description
Electrospun Nanofibers covers advances in the electrospinning process including characterization, testing and modeling of electrospun nanofibers, and electrospinning for particular fiber types and applications. Electrospun Nanofibers offers systematic and comprehensive coverage for academic researchers, industry professionals, and postgraduate students working in the field of fiber science. Electrospinning is the most commercially successful process for the production of nanofibers and rising demand is driving research and development in this field. Rapid progress is being made both in terms of the electrospinning process and in the production of nanofibers with superior chemical and physical properties. Electrospinning is becoming more efficient and more specialized in order to produce particular fiber types such as bicomponent and composite fibers, patterned and 3D nanofibers, carbon nanofibers and nanotubes, and nanofibers derived from chitosan. - Provides systematic and comprehensive coverage of the manufacture, properties, and applications of nanofibers - Covers recent developments in nanofibers materials including electrospinning of bicomponent, chitosan, carbon, and conductive fibers - Brings together expertise from academia and industry to provide comprehensive, up-to-date information on nanofiber research and development - Offers systematic and comprehensive coverage for academic researchers, industry professionals, and postgraduate students working in the field of fiber science

Author: Hans-Jürgen Butt
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527836160
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 485

View

Book Description
Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces Comprehensive textbook on the interdisciplinary field of interface science, fully updated with new content on wetting, spectroscopy, and coatings Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of surface and interface science, focusing on essential concepts rather than specific details, and on intuitive understanding rather than convoluted math. Numerous high-end applications from surface technology, biotechnology, and microelectronics are included to illustrate and help readers easily comprehend basic concepts. The new edition contains an increased number of problems with detailed, worked solutions, making it ideal as a self-study resource. In topic coverage, the highly qualified authors take a balanced approach, discussing advanced interface phenomena in detail while remaining comprehensible. Chapter summaries with the most important equations, facts, and phenomena are included to aid the reader in information retention. A few of the sample topics included in Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces are as follows: Liquid surfaces, covering microscopic picture of a liquid surface, surface tension, the equation of Young and Laplace, and curved liquid surfaces Thermodynamics of interfaces, covering surface excess, internal energy and Helmholtz energy, equilibrium conditions, and interfacial excess energies Charged interfaces and the electric double layer, covering planar surfaces, the Grahame equation, and limitations of the Poisson-Boltzmann theory Surface forces, covering Van der Waals forces between molecules, macroscopic calculations, the Derjaguin approximation, and disjoining pressure Physics and Chemistry of Interfaces is a complete reference on the subject, aimed at advanced students (and their instructors) in physics, material science, chemistry, and engineering. Researchers requiring background knowledge on surface and interface science will also benefit from the accessible yet in-depth coverage of the text.

Author: Ragnar Hellborg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364200623X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 450

View

Book Description
Energetic ion beam irradiation is the basis of a wide plethora of powerful research- and fabrication-techniques for materials characterisation and processing on a nanometre scale. Materials with tailored optical, magnetic and electrical properties can be fabricated by synthesis of nanocrystals by ion implantation, focused ion beams can be used to machine away and deposit material on a scale of nanometres and the scattering of energetic ions is a unique and quantitative tool for process development in high speed electronics and 3-D nanostructures with extreme aspect radios for tissue engineering and nano-fluidics lab-on-a-chip may be machined using proton beams. This book will benefit practitioners, researchers and graduate students working in the field of ion beams and application and more generally everyone concerned with the broad field of nanoscience and technology.

Author: Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387680233
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 502

View

Book Description
Nanotechnology provides tools for creating functional materials, devices, and systems by controlling materials at the atomic and molecular scales and making use of novel properties and phenomena. Nanotechnology-enabled sensors find applications in several fields such as health and safety, medicine, process control and diagnostics. This book provides the reader with information on how nanotechnology enabled sensors are currently being used and how they will be used in the future in such diverse fields as communications, building and facilities, medicine, safety, and security, including both homeland defense and military operations.

Author: C. Barry Carter
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319266519
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 543

View

Book Description
This text is a companion volume to Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Textbook for Materials Science by Williams and Carter. The aim is to extend the discussion of certain topics that are either rapidly changing at this time or that would benefit from more detailed discussion than space allowed in the primary text. World-renowned researchers have contributed chapters in their area of expertise, and the editors have carefully prepared these chapters to provide a uniform tone and treatment for this exciting material. The book features an unparalleled collection of color figures showcasing the quality and variety of chemical data that can be obtained from today’s instruments, as well as key pitfalls to avoid. As with the previous TEM text, each chapter contains two sets of questions, one for self assessment and a second more suitable for homework assignments. Throughout the book, the style follows that of Williams & Carter even when the subject matter becomes challenging—the aim is always to make the topic understandable by first-year graduate students and others who are working in the field of Materials Science Topics covered include sources, in-situ experiments, electron diffraction, Digital Micrograph, waves and holography, focal-series reconstruction and direct methods, STEM and tomography, energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) imaging, and spectrum imaging. The range and depth of material makes this companion volume essential reading for the budding microscopist and a key reference for practicing researchers using these and related techniques.

Author: David S. Ensor
Publisher: RTI Press
ISBN: 1934831018
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 584

View

Book Description
Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews captures an exciting slice of history in the evolution of aerosol science. It presents in-depth biographies of four leading international aerosol researchers and highlights pivotal research institutions in New York, Minnesota, and Austria. One collection of chapters reflects on the legacy of the Pasadena smog experiment, while another presents a fascinating overview of military applications and nuclear aerosols. Finally, prominent researchers offer detailed reviews of aerosol measurement, processes, experiments, and technology that changed the face of aerosol science. This volume is the third in a series and is supported by the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) History Working Group, whose goal is to produce archival books from its symposiums on the history of aerosol science to ensure a lasting record. It is based on papers presented at the Third Aerosol History Symposium on September 8 and 9, 2006, in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.

Author: Jian Li
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030366286
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 723

View

Book Description
This collection gives broad and up-to-date results in the research and development of materials characterization and processing. Topics covered include advanced characterization methods, minerals, mechanical properties, coatings, polymers and composites, corrosion, welding, magnetic materials, and electronic materials. The book explores scientific processes to characterize materials using modern technologies, and focuses on the interrelationships and interdependence among processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials.

Author: Jacob N. Israelachvili
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123919339
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 708

View

Book Description
Intermolecular and Surface Forces describes the role of various intermolecular and interparticle forces in determining the properties of simple systems such as gases, liquids and solids, with a special focus on more complex colloidal, polymeric and biological systems. The book provides a thorough foundation in theories and concepts of intermolecular forces, allowing researchers and students to recognize which forces are important in any particular system, as well as how to control these forces. This third edition is expanded into three sections and contains five new chapters over the previous edition. - Starts from the basics and builds up to more complex systems - Covers all aspects of intermolecular and interparticle forces both at the fundamental and applied levels - Multidisciplinary approach: bringing together and unifying phenomena from different fields - This new edition has an expanded Part III and new chapters on non-equilibrium (dynamic) interactions, and tribology (friction forces)