Clinical Ethics at the Crossroads of Genetic and Reproductive Technologies PDF Download

Author: Sorin Hostiuc
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443190461
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556

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Book Description
The Human Genome Project has triggered a technological revolution that has influenced nearly every field of medicine, including reproductive medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, andrology, prenatal genetic testing, and gene therapy. This second edition of Clinical Ethics at the Crossroads of Genetic and Reproductive Technologies offers a thorough, timely discussion of ethical issues raised by the latest genetic and genomic technologies applied in human reproductive and prenatal medicine, providing practical recommendations, guidelines, and algorithms to support ethical clinical practice. Here, international experts consider the ethics of technologies from preconception carrier screening to genetic engineering, CRISPR gene editing, mitochondrial gene replacement therapy, sex selection, predictive testing, secondary findings, embryo reduction, and the moral status of the embryo, genetic enhancement, and the sharing of genetic data. Throughout the book, contributors adopt a global, holistic perspective on applied challenges and the moral questions around the implementation of genetic reproductive technologies. The book is an ideal resource for practitioners, regulators, lawmakers, clinical researchers, genetic counselors, and graduate and medical students.This fully updated second edition examines new developments in the field, tackling ethical aspects of organoid development, recent advances in pharmacogenomics, direct-to-consumer genetic testing, and genetic engineering. • Provides practical analysis of the ethical issues raised by cutting-edge techniques and recent advances in prenatal and reproductive geneticsContains contributions from leading bioethicists and clinicians who offer a global, holistic perspective on applied challenges and moral questions relating to genetic and genomic reproductive technology• Discusses preconception carrier screening, genetic engineering, and the use of CRISPR gene editing, mitochondrial gene replacement therapy, and ethical issues, among others• Considers ethical aspects of recent advances and new technologies in the field, from organoid development to pharmacogenomics and direct-to-consumer genetic testing

Author: Susan Frelich Appleton
Publisher: Aspen Publishing
ISBN: 1543820530
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 541

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Book Description
This book is designed for law school seminars and courses, including first-year electives, as well as advanced undergraduate courses in legal studies or other departments. Families Under Construction: Parentage, Adoption, and Assisted Reproduction, Second Edition, provides an in-depth exploration of the fascinating and controversial issues emerging out of biotechnology and society’s changing understanding of family identity. The authors combine solid treatment of the law and carefully crafted additional content to provoke inquiry and fuel class discussion, using a multidisciplinary presentation of legal authorities, policy perspectives, critical analysis, and cultural contexts. Coverage includes the impact of marriage equality, increasing departures from traditional family arrangements, and modern approaches to adoption, as well as infertility treatments, collaborative reproductive arrangements, and reproductive tourism. New to the Second Edition: A new Part I on parentage, parental responsibilities, and parental authority, tracing the evolution from traditional doctrine to contemporary approaches and emphasizing the policy of keeping dependency private The addition of principal cases on wrongful adoption, challenges to sealed adoption records, and intercountry adoption Restructured chapters on assisted reproduction reflecting consequential changes in the legal landscape Professors and students will benefit from: Thorough coverage of significant cases, statutes, and regulations, including law reform efforts and recognition of law’s silence on some topics Opportunities for comparative analysis of law and policy, from “then” to “now” and among various states and nations, with examination of jurisdiction, choice of law, and enforcement An approach that questions core concepts, such as parentage, by highlighting the role of the state in the construction of family and the influence of assumptions about gender, race, sexualities, marriage, class, and dependency Inclusive materials, such as narratives as well as summaries of popular books and films, which explore the interaction of law and life Consideration of professional responsibility, including the often challenging role of lawyers in adoptions and reproductive collaborations A mix of classic and leading-edge cases Notes and Questions that provide background and illuminate salient themes Thought-provoking Problems that prompt consideration of new issues Inserts presenting “Depictions in Popular Culture” of the situations at the center of the cases

Author: Stephen Holland
Publisher: Polity
ISBN: 9780745690605
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This book provides a clear and comprehensive introduction to contemporary bioethics. It also presents provocative, philosophically informed arguments on current bioethical issues. Holland engages with debates ranging from the more familiar – such as euthanasia, advance decisions to refuse treatment, and new reproductive technologies – to the philosophical implications of recent developments in genetics, including prenatal genetic therapy, genetic enhancement and human cloning. The book is built around four crucial themes. The first is moral status: what are the implications of the moral status of human embryos or animals for our biomedical practices? The second theme – life, death and killing – looks at the ethics of ending, or failing to lengthen, human life. Holland then explores various questions of personal identity raised in contemporary bioethical debates. Finally, he presents and develops a version of the argument from nature – which continues to be influential in bioethics – in order to make sense of the objection that some biomedical innovations are unnatural. Structuring the discussions in this way creates an engaging introduction to bioethics that is an ideal textbook for students, whilst offering much to stimulate colleagues in the field. This second edition has been thoroughly and comprehensively updated to reflect the most recent advances in bioethics, and includes an entirely new chapter on the ethical treatment of patients in the minimally conscious state.

Author: Edward P. Richards
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN: 9780834216037
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 538

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Book Description
A legal reference for practicing physicians is a necessary adjunct to their professional practice library in today's highly regulated and litigious world. Medical Care Law was written to help practicing physicians avoid legal conflicts, and to prevent legal problems rather than treat them. Written with the practicing physician in mind, this book is also valuable to a variety of health professionals, including physician executives, medical directors, nurse administrators, advanced practice nurses, case managers, risk managers, legal nurse consultants, health care administrators, public health professionals, and attorneys. In addition To The traditional legal issues affecting medical practitioners, Medical Care Law addresses the legal pitfalls in today's volatile health care landscape, including managed care, health care fraud and abuse, compliance plans, and working with non-physician providers.

Author: J. P. Moreland
Publisher: InterVarsity Press
ISBN: 0830874593
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 385

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Book Description
While most people throughout history have believed that we are both physical and spiritual beings, the rise of science has called into question the existence of the soul. Many now argue that neurophysiology demonstrates the radical dependence, indeed, identity, between mind and brain. Advances in genetics and in mapping human DNA, some say, show there is no need for the hypothesis of body-soul dualism. Even many Christian intellectuals have come to view the soul as a false Greek concept that is outdated and unbiblical. Concurrent with the demise of dualism has been the rise of advanced medical technologies that have brought to the fore difficult issues at both edges of life. Central to questions about abortion, fetal research, reproductive techologies, cloning and euthanasia is our understanding of the nature of human personhood, the reality of life after death and the value of ethical or religious knowledge as compared to scientific knowledge. In this careful treatment, J. P. Moreland and Scott B. Rae argue that the rise of these problems alongside the demise of Christian dualism is no coincidence. They therefore employ a theological realism to meet these pressing issues, and to present a reasonable and biblical depiction of human nature as it impinges upon critical ethical concerns. This vigorous philosophical and ethical defense of human nature as body and soul, regardless of whether one agrees or disagrees, will be for all a touchstone for debate and discussion for years to come.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452880
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 329

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Book Description
Genome editing is a powerful new tool for making precise alterations to an organism's genetic material. Recent scientific advances have made genome editing more efficient, precise, and flexible than ever before. These advances have spurred an explosion of interest from around the globe in the possible ways in which genome editing can improve human health. The speed at which these technologies are being developed and applied has led many policymakers and stakeholders to express concern about whether appropriate systems are in place to govern these technologies and how and when the public should be engaged in these decisions. Human Genome Editing considers important questions about the human application of genome editing including: balancing potential benefits with unintended risks, governing the use of genome editing, incorporating societal values into clinical applications and policy decisions, and respecting the inevitable differences across nations and cultures that will shape how and whether to use these new technologies. This report proposes criteria for heritable germline editing, provides conclusions on the crucial need for public education and engagement, and presents 7 general principles for the governance of human genome editing.

Author: Marcello Ienca
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108809391
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 862

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Book Description
Debates on the human-rights implications of new and emerging technologies have been hampered by the lack of a comprehensive theoretical framework for the complex issues involved. This volume provides that framework, bringing a multidisciplinary and international perspective to the evolution of human rights in the digital and biotechnological era. It delves into the latest frontiers of technological innovation in the life sciences and information technology sectors, such as neurotechnology, robotics, genetic engineering, and artificial intelligence. Leading experts from the technological, medical, and social sciences as well as law, philosophy, and business share their extensive knowledge about the transformation of the rights framework in response to technological innovation. In addition to providing a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and international state-of-the art descriptive analysis, the volume also offers policy recommendations to protect and promote human rights in the context of emerging socio-technological trends.

Author: Henk A.M.J. ten Have
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400725119
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
As the first of its kind, this handbook presents state-of-the-art information and analysis concerning the state of affairs in bioethics in around 40 countries. The country reports point out the most important discussions as well as the emerging topics in the field. Readers can orientate themselves quickly with regard to the various relevant issues, institutional structures and expertise available in these countries. The authorship of this reference work is truly global as it involves contributions from the best authors with innate knowledge of the bioethics situation in these countries.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

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Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: Lieve Page-Christiaens
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128141905
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 408

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Book Description
Since its introduction in 2012, cell-free (cf) DNA based Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) has been employed to test for fetal chromosome abnormalities, and gene mutations that lead to a variety of genetic conditions, by millions of pregnant women, in more than 90 countries worldwide. With Noninvasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT): Applied Genomics in Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis, Dr Lieve Page-Christiaens and Dr Hanns-Georg Klein have compiled the first authoritative volume on cfDNA NIPT methods and their clinical implementation. - Provides a thorough, practical examination of the history of NIPT, NIPT laboratory techniques and bioinformatics, NIPT screening and diagnostics for a wide range of disorders and birth defects - Presents leading, international experts who discuss the application of NIPT in early screening for common aneuploidies, fetal chromosome anomalies, autosomal trisomies, fetal blood group typing, and maternal constitutional and acquired copy number variants - Includes full color imagery that enhances concept illustration, along with detailed descriptions of the benefits (and limitations) of NIPT - Offers clinicians, researchers, genetic counselors and reproductive specialists of all kinds the required background information, methodologies and essential patient counseling techniques