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Author: Masami Kojima Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821347836 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Urban air pollution is a matter of concern in many of the newly independent sates of Central Asia and the Caucasus. The poor quality of the fuel used by the largely poorly maintained vehicle stock just worsens emissions problems. It is estimated that nearly 40,000 people die prematurely and about 100,000 people fall ill every year in the big cities of the region as a result of exposure to excessive air pollution. The projections for the next 10 to 15 years are for higher vehicle numbers and increased vehicle use leading to a steady rise of damaging pollutants if current policies regarding fuel specifications and vehicle standards are not addressed quickly. This report gives the World Bank's assessment of the problem faced by the countries in the region. It puts forward a framework for short- and medium-term measures for improving fuel quality and vehicle emission s performance.
Author: Masami Kojima Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821347836 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
Urban air pollution is a matter of concern in many of the newly independent sates of Central Asia and the Caucasus. The poor quality of the fuel used by the largely poorly maintained vehicle stock just worsens emissions problems. It is estimated that nearly 40,000 people die prematurely and about 100,000 people fall ill every year in the big cities of the region as a result of exposure to excessive air pollution. The projections for the next 10 to 15 years are for higher vehicle numbers and increased vehicle use leading to a steady rise of damaging pollutants if current policies regarding fuel specifications and vehicle standards are not addressed quickly. This report gives the World Bank's assessment of the problem faced by the countries in the region. It puts forward a framework for short- and medium-term measures for improving fuel quality and vehicle emission s performance.
Author: Magda Lovei Publisher: World Bank ISBN: 9780821347881 Category : Science Languages : ru Pages : 43
Book Description
Urban air pollution is a matter of increasing concern in many of the newly independent states (NIS). Traffic is burgeoning in cities, but vehicle registration, inspection, and maintenance lag behind what is needed to support efforts to improve air quality. Poor fuel quality worsens the emissions problems. Although certain emissions, such as greenhouse gases, are of global concern, the greatest costs of air pollution at the local level are to human health. This study examines the obstacles to improving air quality in the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus and makes observations about the present air quality and monitoring systems and recommendations for improvement.
Author: Weltbank Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Combating pollution needs to be based on standards supported by enforced regulatory, and physical infrastructure, not always in place in countries in transition from central planning to a market economy. Policymakers in the Central Asia and the Caucus region, however, are recognizing the need for such steps against pollution, demonstrated by their commitment to phase out lead from gasoline. To support these efforts, the Bank undertook a regional study on cleaner transport fuels for urban quality improvement in the region, recognizing that fuel quality improvements should be linked to broader air quality management, to ensure cost-effectiveness, and in addressing these issues, it is therefore possible to build on economies of scale, avoid duplications, allow the transfer of experience, and facilitate intra-regional trade in petroleum products. This lead to this study's observations, and recommendations. The establishment of continuous monitoring of the "classical" pollutants, should permit comparison with international standards, by monitoring fine particles, airborne lead, and ground-level ozone. In turn, facilities with diagnostic equipment, and qualified technicians should be available, including vehicle registration systems. It is recommended that gasoline lead should be eliminated by 2005, sulfur in gasoline should be limited by 2015, benzene reductions should be phased out, and instead introduce the acceptable diesel sulfur specifications, and standards as in developed countries. Considerations should include the installation of isomer units; reevaluation on the role of refineries in gasoline production; and, fuel-quality specifications in privatization biding documents, should ensure predictability of regulations.
Author: Sarah Tenney Publisher: Scarecrow Press ISBN: 0810878658 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 455
Book Description
This second edition of the Historical Dictionary of the World Bank shows the substantial progress the Bank has made, this mainly through the dictionary section with concise entries on its component institutions, related organizations, its achievements in various fields, some of the major projects and member countries, and its various presidents. The introduction explains how the Bank works while the chronology traces the major events over nearly 70 years. Meanwhile, the list of acronyms reminds us just who the main players are. And the bibliography directs readers to useful internal documentation and outside studies.
Author: Reza Zekavat Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118104765 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1138
Book Description
Radio systems capable of localization have emerging applications in homeland security, law enforcement, emergency response, defense command and control, multi-robot coordination and vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-pedestrian collision avoidance. In fact, high resolution localization is vital for many applications, including: traffic alert, emergency services, e.g., indoor localization for firefighters, and battlefield command and control. These systems promise to dramatically reduce society's vulnerabilities to catastrophic events and improve its quality of of life. While work this important area is progressing, limited resources are available to support graduate students and researchers in this important area. Specifically, a limited number of books has been published in this area covering selected subjects. This comprehensive handbook offers gaps of available localization books presenting in-depth coverage from fundamentals of coordinates to advanced application examples.
Author: Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9780821348086 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
This report proposes a World Bank strategy for assisting the rural, environmental, and social development of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It has been produced for a general audience partly for consultation purposes, and is therefore a work in progress. Each of the three areas of development is examined in separate chapters, and each summarises the World Bank assistance strategy in that area. The conclusion is that the challenge posed by the objectives of this report are far beyond the World Bank's abilities to achieve on its own.
Author: Masami Kojima
Author: Masami Kojima
Author: Masami Kojima
Author: Magda Lovei
Author: Weltbank
Author: Michael Walsh
Author: Anthony G. Bigio
Author: Sarah Tenney
Author: Reza Zekavat
Author: 
Author: