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Author: Lawrence C. Soley Publisher: Praeger ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 406
Book Description
It is difficult to imagine a subject with more elusive data than this. The source and location of clandestine radio broadcasts are, by definition, secret. `White' stations openly identify themselves (such as Radio Free Europe), and `gray' stations are purportedly operated by dissident groups within a country, although actually they might be located in another nation; but `black' stations transmit broadcasts by one side disguised as broadcasts by another. . . . [This] is an extraordinary book. It belongs in every research library concerned with war and revolution and international communications. A valuable appendix lists known clandestine radio stateions, 1948-1985. Choice In this ambitious and impressive study two academic specialists in the field of political communication have endeavored to cover the history of such broadcasts from the beginnings in the 1930s through the use of psychological warfare and deception of World War II to the manifold practice of `gray' and `black' propaganda that had punctuated the conflict of the postwar period. Foreign Affairs
Author: Lawrence C. Soley Publisher: Praeger ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 406
Book Description
It is difficult to imagine a subject with more elusive data than this. The source and location of clandestine radio broadcasts are, by definition, secret. `White' stations openly identify themselves (such as Radio Free Europe), and `gray' stations are purportedly operated by dissident groups within a country, although actually they might be located in another nation; but `black' stations transmit broadcasts by one side disguised as broadcasts by another. . . . [This] is an extraordinary book. It belongs in every research library concerned with war and revolution and international communications. A valuable appendix lists known clandestine radio stateions, 1948-1985. Choice In this ambitious and impressive study two academic specialists in the field of political communication have endeavored to cover the history of such broadcasts from the beginnings in the 1930s through the use of psychological warfare and deception of World War II to the manifold practice of `gray' and `black' propaganda that had punctuated the conflict of the postwar period. Foreign Affairs
Author: Richard H. Cummings Publisher: McFarland ISBN: 1476678642 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
Published for the first time, the history of the CIA's clandestine short-wave radio broadcasts to Eastern Europe and the USSR during the early Cold War is covered in-depth. Chapters describe the "gray" broadcasting of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty in Munich; clandestine or "black" radio broadcasts from Radio Nacional de Espana in Madrid to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Ukraine; transmissions to Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Ukraine and the USSR from a secret site near Athens; and broadcasts to Byelorussia and Slovakia. Infiltrated behind the Iron Curtain through dangerous air drops and boat landings, CIA and other intelligence service agents faced counterespionage, kidnapping, assassination, arrest and imprisonment. Excerpts from broadcasts taken from monitoring reports of Eastern Europe intelligence agencies are included.
Author: A. Ross Johnson Publisher: Central European University Press ISBN: 9639776807 Category : Performing Arts Languages : en Pages : 612
Book Description
"It was not a matter of propaganda ... black and white ideological broadcasts ... What made [Radio Free Europe] important were its impartiality, independence, and objectivity."---Vaclav Havel "Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty were critically important weapons in the free world's competition with Soviet totalitarianism---and without them the Soviet bloc might even have not disintegrated ... The account in this book of their activities is therefore not only informative, but critical to understanding recent history."---Zbigniew Brzezinski "The studies and translated Soviet bloc documents published in this book demonstrate the enormous impact of Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty, and Voice of America during the Cold War. By promoting democratic values and undermining the monopoly of information on which Communist regimes relied, the Radios contributed greatly to the end of the Cold War."---George P. Shultz "I know of no other mass media organization that has done more than RFE/RL to help create the Europe in which we live today---a Europe not divided into two opposing camps."---Elena Bonner Examines the role of Western broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe during the Cold War, with a focus on Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty. It includes chapters by radio veterans and by scholars who have conducted research on the subject in once-secret Soviet bloc archives and in Western records. It also contains a selection of translated documents from formerly secret Soviet and East European archives, most of them published here for the first time.
Author: United States. International Communication Agency. Office of Research Publisher: ISBN: Category : International broadcasting Languages : en Pages : 26
Author: Jerome S. Berg Publisher: McFarland ISBN: 078645198X Category : Performing Arts Languages : en Pages : 497
Book Description
Shortwave broadcasting originated in the 1920s, when stations used the new technology to increase their range in order to serve foreign audiences and reach parts of their own country not easily otherwise covered. The early days of shortwave radio were covered in On the Short Waves, 1923-1945: Broadcast Listening in the Pioneer Days of Radio, published by McFarland in 1999 (paperback 2007). Then, two companion volumes were published, picking up the story after World War II. They were Listening on the Short Waves, 1945 to Today (McFarland, 2008; paperback 2010), which focuses on the shortwave listening community, and the present Broadcasting title, about the stations themselves and their environment. The heart of the book is a detailed, year-by-year account of the shortwave bands in each year from 1945 to 2008. It reviews what American listeners were hearing on the international and domestic shortwave bands, describes the arrivals and departures of stations, and recounts important events. The book describes the several categories of broadcasters--international, domestic, private, religious, clandestine and pirate. It explains the impact of relay stations, frequency management, and jamming. It also addresses the considerable changes in shortwave broadcasting since the end of the Cold War. The book is richly illustrated and indexed, and features a bibliography and extensive notes.
Author: Lawrence C. Soley Publisher: Praeger ISBN: 0275922596 Category : Performing Arts Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
It is difficult to imagine a subject with more elusive data than this. The source and location of clandestine radio broadcasts are, by definition, secret. `White' stations openly identify themselves (such as Radio Free Europe), and `gray' stations are purportedly operated by dissident groups within a country, although actually they might be located in another nation; but `black' stations transmit broadcasts by one side disguised as broadcasts by another. . . . [This] is an extraordinary book. It belongs in every research library concerned with war and revolution and international communications. A valuable appendix lists known clandestine radio stateions, 1948-1985. Choice In this ambitious and impressive study two academic specialists in the field of political communication have endeavored to cover the history of such broadcasts from the beginnings in the 1930s through the use of psychological warfare and deception of World War II to the manifold practice of `gray' and `black' propaganda that had punctuated the conflict of the postwar period. Foreign Affairs
Author: Edward C. Pease Publisher: Transaction Publishers ISBN: 9781412832694 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
Although television is now dominant, radio surprisingly remains a medium of unparalleled power and importance. Worldwide, it continues to be the communications vehicle with the greatest outreach and impact. Every indicator--economic, demographic, social, and democratic--suggests that far from fading away, radio is returning to our consciousness, and back into the cultural mainstream. Marilyn J. Matelski reviews radio's glory days, arguing that the glory is not all in the past. B. Eric Rhoads continues Matelski's thoughts by explaining how and why radio has kept its vitality. The political history of radio is reviewed by Michael X. Delli Carpini, while David Bartlett shows how one of radio's prime functions has been to serve the public in time of disaster. Other contributors discuss radio as a cultural expression; the global airwaves; and the economic, regulatory, social, and technological structures of radio. Collectively, the contributors provide an intriguing study into the rich history of radio, and its impact on many areas of society. It provides a wealth of information for historians, sociologists, and communications and media scholars. Above all, it helps explain how media intersect, change focus, but still manage to survive and grow in a commercial environment.
Author: Ronald Paul Milione Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
ABOUT NUMBER STATIONSThere are actually several types of number stations, but the prototypical one is simply someone on the air reading lists of numbers (or sending them via Morse code). Some read off other coded messages (like phonetic alphabet letters) or have sounds in the background that may or may not be digitally-encoded messages. One even used a sound clip from a Yosemite Sam cartoon to separate bursts of data! According to the Conet Project, number stations were heard as early as World War I. In most cases, no one knows for sure what the purpose of the stations are, but there are dedicated groups that try to locate them and even decode what they are saying. However, it is thought that most of them use some form of one time pad cryptography which makes trying to decode them a very long shot. It is pretty widely accepted, though, that the purpose of most (if not all) of these stations is to deliver clandestine messages.For example, suppose I wanted to send you secret messages so I give you a shortwave receiver. I tell you to listen to a certain frequency at a certain time and I read off a series of numbers. To decode my message, you treat the numbers I read as a page number followed by a word number in, for example, a newspaper that is a day or two old. As long as you keep a copy of the newspaper and you have the radio, I can send you messages that would be very hard to decipher unless someone told you what newspaper we agreed to use. This is a form of one time pad, and if you keep the secrets, the method is practically unbreakable. The key, though, is that when they search your hotel room and find a shortwave receiver and a few days of newspapers, that's not particularly suspicious. There's a group called ENIGMA 2000 that catalogs and analyzes number stations, producing the Enigma Control List (although the latest one is a few years old). They have a naming scheme that identifies stations based on language or other characteristics of the signal. For example, stations starting with E broadcast in English, while stations starting with S broadcast in a Slavic language. M stations use Morse code. Naturally, these are just handy designations (like E22). In most cases, we don't know what the stations call themselves. In 1998, the FBI arrested five Cuban intelligence officers. The spies received messages via a numbers station (using Sony shortwave radios) and the coded messages were a big part of the FBI's court case. The FBI acquired the software the spies used to decode the messages and were able to read them (and present them in court). This may be the only time that a government has admitted that these stations are tied to covert operations.The Cuban Five, also known as the Miami Five (Gerardo Hernández, Antonio Guerrero, Ramón Labañino, Fernando González, and René González) were tried and convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage, conspiracy to commit murder, acting as an agent of a foreign government, and other charges.WHY NOW?Numbers Station.. You have to wonder, in this day of Internet and satellite phones, why these stations still operate. After all, a shortwave receiver is a bit more unusual today than it used to be. Maybe the receivers are camouflaged as standard radios and need some James Bond-style gadget to put them on the shortwave band. After all, a satellite phone implies you are talking to someone and Internet usage is traceable. Short of being caught in the act (or using software like the Cubans), there's no proof of what you are listening to on a radio. Still, it seems incredible that there are apparently still operatives somewhere right now copying encoded instructions from these number stations. You can only wonder what they are up to.HOW CAN I HEAR THEM?If you have a software defined radio setup, that's perfect. Of course, a general coverage receiver or a ham radio that has a wide receive range will do the trick too. An easy way to find common stations!
Author: Lawrence C. Soley
Author: Lawrence C. Soley
Author: Richard H. Cummings
Author: 
Author: A. Ross Johnson
Author: United States. International Communication Agency. Office of Research
Author: Jerome S. Berg
Author: Lawrence C. Soley
Author: Edward C. Pease
Author: United States Information Agency. Office of Research
Author: Ronald Paul Milione