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Author: J. Michael O'Malley Publisher: ISBN: Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
This study examines the background, rationale, procedures, and results of a study by the National Institute of Education (NIE) and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to determine the number of limited English proficient children living in the United States and the types of services these children receive in school. The procedure used by the study for defining limited English proficiency is examined in terms of conceptual framework, field test procedures and results, and selection of the criterion score. A critique is offered of the conceptual framework and survey procedures that includes alternative sample plans, the role of the advisory group and contractor, sample selection, questionnaire design, data collection, response rates and weight adjustments, and sources of and interpretation of errors. The results of the survey are summarized. Comments from the advisory group for the study are set forth. In general, it is concluded that various flaws in the design of the study give cause for calling the results into question. Instruments used in the study are appended. (JB)
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
Two methodological reviews of the Children's English and Services Study (CESS), a congressionally mandated estimate of the number and needs of limited English proficient children, are presented. Such reviews are needed because the CESS is the only national study of its kind which administered a language proficiency test to determine the language proficiency of language minority groups. The reviews were conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics and the National Institute of Education. They include discussions of design and methodological issues and statistical tables. The major methodological issues reviewed include selection of items for the Language Measurement and Assessment Inventory, establishment of test cut-off scores for classifying children as limited English proficient, and the effects of non-response bias on estimates of the number of limited English proficient children. (RW)
Author: J. Michael O'Malley Publisher: ISBN: Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
This study examines the background, rationale, procedures, and results of a study by the National Institute of Education (NIE) and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to determine the number of limited English proficient children living in the United States and the types of services these children receive in school. The procedure used by the study for defining limited English proficiency is examined in terms of conceptual framework, field test procedures and results, and selection of the criterion score. A critique is offered of the conceptual framework and survey procedures that includes alternative sample plans, the role of the advisory group and contractor, sample selection, questionnaire design, data collection, response rates and weight adjustments, and sources of and interpretation of errors. The results of the survey are summarized. Comments from the advisory group for the study are set forth. In general, it is concluded that various flaws in the design of the study give cause for calling the results into question. Instruments used in the study are appended. (JB)
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309455405 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
Educating dual language learners (DLLs) and English learners (ELs) effectively is a national challenge with consequences both for individuals and for American society. Despite their linguistic, cognitive, and social potential, many ELsâ€"who account for more than 9 percent of enrollment in grades K-12 in U.S. schoolsâ€"are struggling to meet the requirements for academic success, and their prospects for success in postsecondary education and in the workforce are jeopardized as a result. Promoting the Educational Success of Children and Youth Learning English: Promising Futures examines how evidence based on research relevant to the development of DLLs/ELs from birth to age 21 can inform education and health policies and related practices that can result in better educational outcomes. This report makes recommendations for policy, practice, and research and data collection focused on addressing the challenges in caring for and educating DLLs/ELs from birth to grade 12.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309324882 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 587
Book Description
Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309388570 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 525
Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: Paul Bloom Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262523295 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
How do children learn that the word "dog" refers not to all four-legged animals, and not just to Ralph, but to all members of a particular species? How do they learn the meanings of verbs like "think," adjectives like "good," and words for abstract entities such as "mortgage" and "story"? The acquisition of word meaning is one of the fundamental issues in the study of mind. According to Paul Bloom, children learn words through sophisticated cognitive abilities that exist for other purposes. These include the ability to infer others' intentions, the ability to acquire concepts, an appreciation of syntactic structure, and certain general learning and memory abilities. Although other researchers have associated word learning with some of these capacities, Bloom is the first to show how a complete explanation requires all of them. The acquisition of even simple nouns requires rich conceptual, social, and linguistic capacities interacting in complex ways. This book requires no background in psychology or linguistics and is written in a clear, engaging style. Topics include the effects of language on spatial reasoning, the origin of essentialist beliefs, and the young child's understanding of representational art. The book should appeal to general readers interested in language and cognition as well as to researchers in the field.
Author: Steve Tomecek Publisher: National Geographic Kids ISBN: 1426319037 Category : JUVENILE NONFICTION Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
Come and explore the world under your feet with the Dirtmeister and friends! Part graphic novel, part fun guidebook, this very cool, rocky journey introduces both eager and reluctant readers to the basic geologic processes that shape our Earth. Clear and concise explanations of the various geologic processes reveal the comprehensive science behind each fascinating topic. Fun facts and simple DIY experiments reinforce the concepts while short biographies of important scientists inspire future geo-scientists.
Author: J. Michael O'Malley
Author: 
Author: J. Michael O'Malley
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: L. Miranda and Associates
Author: J. Michael O'Malley
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Patton O. Tabors
Author: Paul Bloom
Author: Steve Tomecek