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Author: Joseph M. Hawes Publisher: Greenwood ISBN: Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 600
Book Description
This unique handbook presents the work of many of the world's foremost authorities on children in a reference guide that affirms the importance of the role children play in the story of civilization. The contributors represent many nations as well as a variety of disciplines. The result is a volume beginning with an historical overview of children in pre-modern times and continuing with studies of modern childhood in countries throughout the world. Broad in its scope, this volume highlights the uniqueness of each historical and cultural influence and demonstrates how the study of childhood crosses all boundaries.
Author: Joseph M. Hawes Publisher: Greenwood ISBN: Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 600
Book Description
This unique handbook presents the work of many of the world's foremost authorities on children in a reference guide that affirms the importance of the role children play in the story of civilization. The contributors represent many nations as well as a variety of disciplines. The result is a volume beginning with an historical overview of children in pre-modern times and continuing with studies of modern childhood in countries throughout the world. Broad in its scope, this volume highlights the uniqueness of each historical and cultural influence and demonstrates how the study of childhood crosses all boundaries.
Author: Dirk Schumann Publisher: Berghahn Books ISBN: 1845459997 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
The 20th century, declared at its start to be the “Century of the Child” by Swedish author Ellen Key, saw an unprecedented expansion of state activity in and expert knowledge on child-rearing on both sides of the Atlantic. Children were seen as a crucial national resource whose care could not be left to families alone. However, the exact scope and degree of state intervention and expert influence as well as the rights and roles of mothers and fathers remained subjects of heated debates throughout the century. While there is a growing scholarly interest in the history of childhood, research in the field remains focused on national narratives. This volume compares the impact of state intervention and expert influence on theories and practices of raising children in the U.S. and German Central Europe. In particular, the contributors focus on institutions such as kindergartens and schools where the private and the public spheres intersected, on notions of “race” and “ethnicity,” “normality” and “deviance,” and on the impact of wars and changes in political regimes.
Author: Bruce Bradbury Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation ISBN: 1610448480 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
The belief that with hard work and determination, all children have the opportunity to succeed in life is a cherished part of the American Dream. Yet, increased inequality in America has made that dream more difficult for many to obtain. In Too Many Children Left Behind, an international team of social scientists assesses how social mobility varies in the United States compared with Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Bruce Bradbury, Miles Corak, Jane Waldfogel, and Elizabeth Washbrook show that the academic achievement gap between disadvantaged American children and their more advantaged peers is far greater than in other wealthy countries, with serious consequences for their future life outcomes. With education the key to expanding opportunities for those born into low socioeconomic status families, Too Many Children Left Behind helps us better understand educational disparities and how to reduce them. Analyzing data on 8,000 school children in the United States, the authors demonstrate that disadvantages that begin early in life have long lasting effects on academic performance. The social inequalities that children experience before they start school contribute to a large gap in test scores between low- and high-SES students later in life. Many children from low-SES backgrounds lack critical resources, including books, high-quality child care, and other goods and services that foster the stimulating environment necessary for cognitive development. The authors find that not only is a child’s academic success deeply tied to his or her family background, but that this class-based achievement gap does not narrow as the child proceeds through school. The authors compare test score gaps from the United States with those from three other countries and find smaller achievement gaps and greater social mobility in all three, particularly in Canada. The wider availability of public resources for disadvantaged children in those countries facilitates the early child development that is fundamental for academic success. All three countries provide stronger social services than the United States, including universal health insurance, universal preschool, paid parental leave, and other supports. The authors conclude that the United States could narrow its achievement gap by adopting public policies that expand support for children in the form of tax credits, parenting programs, and pre-K. With economic inequalities limiting the futures of millions of children, Too Many Children Left Behind is a timely study that uses global evidence to show how the United States can do more to level the playing field.
Author: Cornelia B. Horn Publisher: CUA Press ISBN: 0813216745 Category : Religion Languages : en Pages : 457
Book Description
Providing a wealth of detail about childhood and family structure, this book explores the hidden lives of children at the origins of Christianity. "Let the Little Children Come to Me" pays careful attention to the impact of gender, class, and slave status on children's lives.
Author: Karen Wells Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0745684971 Category : Family & Relationships Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
The second edition of this compelling and popular book offers a unique global perspective on children’s lives throughout the world. It shows how the notion of childhood is being radically re-shaped, in part as a consequence of globalization. Taking an engaging historical and comparative approach, the book explores social issues such as how children are constituted as raced, classed and gendered subjects; how children’s involvement in war is connected to the globalization of capitalism and organized crime; and how school and work operate as sites for the governing of childhood. The book discusses wide-ranging topics including children’s rights, the family, children and war, child labour and young people’s activism around the globe. In addition to updated literature throughout, the revised edition includes new chapters on migration and trafficking, and the role of play. The book will continue to be of great value to students and scholars in the fields of sociology, geography, social policy and development studies. It will also be a valuable companion to practitioners of international development and social work, as well as to anyone interested in childhood in the contemporary world.
Author: Livingstone, Sonia Publisher: Policy Press ISBN: 1447308611 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 367
Book Description
As internet use is extending to younger children, there is an increasing need for research focus on the risks young users are experiencing, as well as the opportunities, and how they should cope. With expert contributions from diverse disciplines and a uniquely cross-national breadth, this timely book examines the prospect of enhanced opportunities for learning, creativity and communication set against the fear of cyberbullying, pornography and invaded privacy by both strangers and peers. Based on an impressive in-depth survey of 25,000 children carried out by the EU Kids Online network, it offers wholly new findings that extend previous research and counter both the optimistic and the pessimistic hype. It argues that, in the main, children are gaining the digital skills, coping strategies and social support they need to navigate this fast-changing terrain. But it also identifies the struggles they encounter, pinpointing those for whom harm can follow from risky online encounters. Each chapter presents new findings and analyses to inform both researchers and students in the social sciences and policy makers in government, industry or child welfare who are working to enhance children's digital experiences.
Author: Mark E. Courtney Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0195309189 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
Residential Care of Children fills major gaps in knowledge about residential care of children, and is sure to inform ongoing debates within and between nations about the appropriate use of such institutions. Each "case study" chapter provides a rich description of the development, current status, and future of residential care in countries from Brazil to Botswana. Chapters describe how residential care is defined in the country in question, how it has evolved over time, including its history, trends over time, and any "landmark" events in the history of residential care. Authors examine factors (historical, political, economic, ideological, and cultural) that have contributed to the observed pattern of development of residential care and provide a description of the current state of residential care (number of children in care, ages, average length of stay, reasons that children/youth are placed in residential care, etc.). Lastly, each case study describes expected future directions for residential care and potential concerns. Two integrative chapters provide a critical cross-national perspective, identifying common themes, analyzing underlying factors, and speculating about the future of residential child care across the globe. This insight-filled book will be required reading for all child welfare scholars, particularly as international perspectives become increasingly emphasized.
Author: Myron Weiner Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 9780691018980 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
India has the largest number of non-schoolgoing working children in the world. Why has the government not removed them from the labor force and required that they attend school, as have the governments of all developed and many developing countries? To answer this question, this major comparative study first looks at why and when other states have intervened to protect children against parents and employers. By examining Europe of the nineteenth century, the United States, Japan, and a number of developing countries, Myron Weiner rejects the argument that children were removed from the labor force only when the incomes of the poor rose and employers needed a more skilled labor force. Turning to India, the author shows that its policies arise from fundamental beliefs, embedded in the culture, rather than from economic conditions. Identifying the specific values that elsewhere led educators, social activists, religious leaders, trade unionists, military officers, and government bureaucrats to make education compulsory and to end child labor, he explains why similar groups in India do not play the same role.
Author: M. F. C. Bourdillon Publisher: Rutgers University Press ISBN: 0813548888 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
Explores the place of labor in children's lives and child development. By incorporating recent theoretical advances in childhood studies and in child development, the authors argue for the need to re-think assumptions that underlie current policies on child labor. Proposes a new approach to promote the well-being, development, and human rights of working children. From publisher description.
Author: Joseph M. Hawes
Author: Joseph M. Hawes
Author: Dirk Schumann
Author: Bruce Bradbury
Author: Cornelia B. Horn
Author: Karen Wells
Author: Livingstone, Sonia
Author: Mark E. Courtney
Author: Myron Weiner
Author: M. F. C. Bourdillon
Author: