Childhood Victimization: The Psychosocial Functioning of Traditional and Cyer Victims PDF Download

Author: Corrie Lynn Jackson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Children are increasingly using computer technologies and many are experiencing online aggressive acts from their peers. News media reports have documented instances of cyber victimization, and social scientists have started to examine its characteristics and consequences. The present research evaluated a comprehensive conceptual model of cyber victimization as it relates to age, gender, traditional, face-to-face victimization, and classroom psychosocial functioning using structural equation modeling. 192 third through sixth grade students completed self-report and peer-report measures based on their experiences with cyber victimization, traditional victimization, and classroom psychosocial functioning at multiple levels of social complexity (including the individual, relationship, and group levels). The results indicated a fairly large prevalence of cyber victimization at these younger ages. In addition, the participants reported experiencing cyber victimization at comparable rates across grades, and between males and females. While some students may experience victimization in both contexts, there was not a significant relation between experiencing traditional victimization and cyber victimization in the current study. Consistent with previous literature, traditional victimization was significantly related to higher rates of loneliness, and lower rates of optimism about peer relations, number of mutual friendships, and social acceptability. Similarly, cyber victimization was positively related to children’s loneliness, and negatively related to children’s optimism about their peer relations and social acceptability. However, cyber victimization was not significantly related to number of mutual friendships. Results of the current study have important implications for our understanding of cyber victimization, directions for future research, as well as possible avenues for interventions. .

Author: David Finkelhor
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199711453
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 243

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Book Description
Children are the most criminally victimized segment of the population, and a substantial number face multiple, serious "poly-victimizations" during a single year. And despite the fact that the priority emphasis in academic research and government policy has traditionally gone to studying juvenile delinquents, children actually appear before authorities more frequently as victims than as offenders. But at the same time, the media and many advocates have failed to note the good news: rates of sexual abuse, child homicide, and many other forms of victimization declined dramatically after the mid-1990s, and some terribly feared forms of child victimization, like stereotypical stranger abduction, are remarkably uncommon. The considerable ignorance about the realities of child victimization can be chalked up to a field that is fragmented, understudied, and subjected to political demagoguery. In this persuasive book, David Finkelhor presents a comprehensive new vision to encompass the prevention, treatment, and study of juvenile victims, unifying conventional subdivisions like child molestation, child abuse, bullying, and exposure to community violence. Developmental victimology, his term for this integrated perspective, looks at child victimization across childhood's span and yields fascinating insights about how to categorize juvenile victimizations, how to think about risk and impact, and how victimization patterns change over the course of development. The book also provides a valuable new model of society's response to child victimization - what Finkelhor calls the Juvenile Victim Justice System - and a fresh way of thinking about barriers that victims and their families encounter when seeking help. These models will be very useful to anyone seeking to improve the way we try to help child victims. Crimes against children still happen far too often, but by proposing a new framework for thinking about the issue, Childhood Victimization opens a promising door to reducing its frequency and improving the response. Professionals, policymakers, and child advocates will find this paradigm-shifting book to be a valuable addition to their shelves.

Author: Trijntje Völlink
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317396928
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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Book Description
The study of cyberbullying has exploded since its first appearance in a peer-reviewed journal article in 2005. Cyberbullying: From theory to intervention aims to make clear and practical sense of this proliferation of coverage by defining the problem of cyberbullying and examining its unique features. The volume provides a thorough overview of state-of-the-art research into the phenomenon, and discusses the development and evaluation of interventions to prevent and combat it. Whereas most research papers offer limited space to describe actual intervention methods, this book provides tremendous insight into the different theoretical methods and practical strategies available to combat cyberbullying. Part One provides readers with a critical review of the existing research literature and collects insights from international researchers involved in bullying and cyberbullying research, tackling key questions such as: how is cyberbullying defined, what is the overlap with traditional bullying, and what are the negative consequences of cyberbullying? Part Two gives an overview of the development and content of evidence-based ICT interventions aimed at preventing and combating bullying and cyberbullying. In addition, some of the important outcomes of the effect evaluations will be described. The book's final chapter integrates the information from Part One with advice regarding practical applications from Part Two. Cyberbullying: From theory to intervention is essential reading for academics and researchers concerned with both cyberbullying and traditional bullying. It can be used in graduate seminars or advanced undergraduate courses in cyberbullying and will also be of interest to teachers, field experts and organisations involved and disseminating cyberbullying solutions.

Author: Essien, Essien D.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799892832
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Book Description
Human trafficking is currently regarded as a contemporary form of slavery. However, despite many initiatives undertaken over the last two decades to tackle the problem, there seems to be a disproportionate emphasis on the social phenomenon. Trafficking in persons remains a little-explored area in scholarship with many inconsistencies and ambiguities yet to be attended to. Human trafficking is a multifaceted issue that requires a multidisciplinary approach that must be studied and considered thoroughly and with heavy regard to the many layers of the issue. The Handbook of Research on Present and Future Paradigms in Human Trafficking presents a comprehensible view of what constitutes the underpinning of human trafficking, the means of combating it, its moral implications, and offers possible solutions toward curbing its excesses, inconsistencies, and ambiguities. Covering a range of topics such as social change, human rights, and ethics, this major reference work is ideal for researchers, scholars, practitioners, government officials, policymakers, instructors, academicians, and students.

Author: Audrey N. Hutcherson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781614705055
Category : Victims of crimes
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the psychology of victimisation. Topics discussed include the victims of cyberbullying and the similarities and differences with traditional bullying; discriminating true and false allegations of victimisation; the effects of bullying victimisation from childhood to young adulthood; the long term impact of victimisation in cases of child sexual abuse and the link between victimisation and voting preferences.

Author: Lucy R. Betts
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137500093
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
Drawing on research evidence and media coverage, this book explores a number of key debates surrounding cyberbullying. The increasing digitization of society affords many benefits; however, some of these benefits are offset by more adverse consequences. Cyberbullying represents one of the adverse consequences of technology use, which has become a topic of increasing societal concern. Betts adopts a critical stance to exploring issues around the definition of cyberbullying, the unique nature of cyberbullying compared to other forms of bullying, the variation in the reported prevalence rates of cyberbullying, the consequences of involvement in cyberbullying, and the steps that can be taken to tackle cyberbullying.

Author: Rejani Thudalikunnil Gopalan
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303112930X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 476

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Book Description
The term victim refers to a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime, accident, or other event or action. Victimology focuses on the victimization in terms of psychological effects, impact on criminal justice system and new policies and it is a major aspect in the area of forensic field. Victimization can occur due to abuse, assault, maltreatment, war, terrorism, crimes and it can happen in different settings like home, school, and public. In the past, more emphasis was given to perpetrators and various theories tried explain the behavior of perpetrator and their offences. Recently, researchers started focusing different aspects of victimology and explored risk factors for becoming victim, reasons for repeated victimization, and forensic, psychological and social dimensions of victims and consequences of victimization. But there is a need for new theories and researches to have more thorough understanding of victimization. The field of criminology dealt with crimes and various theories has developed to explain why crime occurs and more focused on perpetrators. A crime involves perpetrator and victim and not much attention has been given to the victim until recently. What happens to a victim, what are the psychological and social consequences of a harmful act to a victim, vulnerabilities to become a victim are getting serious attention now a days and started influencing the criminal justice system. The psychological and social impacts of victimization may be a short or long duration but the impacts cannot be ignored. The legal remedies and psychological healings are important aspects of victimization. While considering these factors, the book would be focusing on origin and scope of victimology, different types of victimization such as sexual abuse, domestic violence, maltreatment, cyber crimes, war and terrorism, natural calamities, victimization at school and work place, human trafficking, crime against persons, crime against property, white collar crime, elder abuse, victim with disabilities, secondary victim and re-victimization and its psychological impacts and related issues. The book would also focus on victimology and forensic factors and its influence on criminal justice system in addition to the psychological management of victimization.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030944070X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 362

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Book Description
Bullying has long been tolerated as a rite of passage among children and adolescents. There is an implication that individuals who are bullied must have "asked for" this type of treatment, or deserved it. Sometimes, even the child who is bullied begins to internalize this idea. For many years, there has been a general acceptance and collective shrug when it comes to a child or adolescent with greater social capital or power pushing around a child perceived as subordinate. But bullying is not developmentally appropriate; it should not be considered a normal part of the typical social grouping that occurs throughout a child's life. Although bullying behavior endures through generations, the milieu is changing. Historically, bulling has occurred at school, the physical setting in which most of childhood is centered and the primary source for peer group formation. In recent years, however, the physical setting is not the only place bullying is occurring. Technology allows for an entirely new type of digital electronic aggression, cyberbullying, which takes place through chat rooms, instant messaging, social media, and other forms of digital electronic communication. Composition of peer groups, shifting demographics, changing societal norms, and modern technology are contextual factors that must be considered to understand and effectively react to bullying in the United States. Youth are embedded in multiple contexts and each of these contexts interacts with individual characteristics of youth in ways that either exacerbate or attenuate the association between these individual characteristics and bullying perpetration or victimization. Recognizing that bullying behavior is a major public health problem that demands the concerted and coordinated time and attention of parents, educators and school administrators, health care providers, policy makers, families, and others concerned with the care of children, this report evaluates the state of the science on biological and psychosocial consequences of peer victimization and the risk and protective factors that either increase or decrease peer victimization behavior and consequences.

Author: Management Association, Information Resources
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1668455951
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 1658

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Book Description
The advent of the internet and social media were landmarks in furthering communication technologies. Through social media websites, families, friends, and communities could connect in a way never seen. Though these websites are helpful tools in facilitating positive interaction, they have also allowed users to verbally attack and bully each other with no fear of repercussion. Moreover, online predators will often use these tools to harass, stalk, and in some cases even lure their victims. Particularly rampant among adolescents, these harmful actions must be mitigated in order to safeguard the mental health and physical safety of users. The Research Anthology on Combating Cyber-Aggression and Online Negativity discusses the research behind cyber-aggression and cyber bullying, as well as methods to predict and prevent online negativity. It presents policy, technological, and human intervention practices against cyber-aggression. Covering topics such as media literacy, demographic variables, and workplace cyberbullying, this major reference work is a critical resource for students and educators of higher education, libraries, social media administrators, government organizations, K-12 teachers, computer scientists, sociologists, psychologists, human resource managers, researchers, and academicians.

Author: Robin M. Kowalski
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444321889
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 237

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Book Description
Cyber bullying has become more prevalent through the use of e-mail, instant messages, chat rooms, and other digital messaging systems. It brings with it unique challenges. Cyber Bullying provides the most current and essential information on the nature and prevalence of this epidemic, providing educators, parents, psychologists and policy-makers with critical prevention techniques and strategies for effectively addressing electronic bullying. Provides an empirically-based resource with up-to-date information about the nature and prevalence of cyber bullying through the use of email, instant messages, chat rooms, and other digital messaging systems Examines the role of anonymity in electronic bullying Includes feedback from focus groups and individual interviews with students and parents Offers a handy reference with practical strategies for educators, parents, psychologists and policy makers about prevention and intervention of cyber bullying