Chemistry and Toxicology of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids PDF Download

Author: A. R. Mattocks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 424

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Author: Dr. Abdel-Fatta Rizk
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849346507
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Book Description
Plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids are so numerous and widespread that they can be expected to be present in most environments. About 200 pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been isolated and identified from different plants. Interest in these alkaloids has increased in recent years due to their causative effects in the heavy loss of livestock in many countries. Naturally Occurring Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids discusses the plant sources and properties of pyrrolizidine alkaloids; extraction, fractionation and identification; various methods of spectrometry of pyrrolizidine alkaloids; quantitative determination; and the toxicity, carcinogenicity, pharmacology, and other biological activities of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Researchers in veterinary and human medicine will find this book to be a fascinating and useful reference tool.

Author: L. B. Bull
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320

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Book Description

Author: Helmut Wiedenfeld
Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
ISBN: 3899714261
Category : Pyrrolizidines
Languages : de
Pages : 145

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Book Description
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids show only minor toxicity in their native state, but are metabolized in the human or animal organisms to carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic compounds, with the precise structure of these compounds being responsible for the metabolic toxification process. Therefore, to be able to evaluate the toxic potential of each alkaloid, it is essential to exactly know the structure of the respective compound. X-ray structure analysis is the appropriate method both for elucidating the structure and for determining other parameters, such as the lengths of the bonds that influence the metabolic process. This book describes the incidence and the process of the intoxication as well as the possibilities to how the substances may reach the organism. In addition, the compounds elucidated by X-ray structure analysis to date are shown in their three-dimensional structure and structure-toxicity relationships are discussed.Pyrrolizidinalkaloide weisen in nativem Zustand nur geringe Toxizität auf, werden jedoch zu kanzerogenen, teratogenen und mutagenen Verbindungen metabolisiert, wenn sie in den menschlichen oder tierischen Organismus gelangen. Der Verlauf dieser Toxifizierung hängt von der konkreten Struktur dieser Stoffe und weiteren Parametern ab. Zur Bestimmung dieser Faktoren stellt die Röntgenstrukturanalyse die geeignete Methode dar. Im vorliegenden Buch werden das Vorkommen, der Ablauf der Toxifizierung und die Möglichkeiten, wie die Stoffe in den Organismus gelangen können, beschrieben. Es werden die bislang durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse vermessenen Verbindungen in ihrer 3D-Struktur aufgefÃ"hrt und Struktur-Toxizitätsbeziehungen diskutiert.

Author: Murray Sheldon Blum
Publisher: Alaken, Incorporated
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 400

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Author: Yiu-Chung Wong
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118992725
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 790

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Book Description
Analysis of Food Toxins and Toxicants consists of five sections, providing up-to-date descriptions of the analytical approaches used to detect a range of food toxins. Part I reviews the recent developments in analytical technology including sample pre-treatment and food additives. Part II covers the novel analysis of microbial and plant toxins including plant pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Part III focuses on marine toxins in fish and shellfish. Part IV discusses biogenic amines and common food toxicants, such as pesticides and heavy metals. Part V summarizes quality assurance and the recent developments in regulatory limits for toxins, toxicants and allergens, including discussions on laboratory accreditation and reference materials.

Author: Trevor Visick
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781976725111
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 449

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Book Description
For the past decade or so, Trevor J has been determined to put his chemistry expertise to the test. Reviving his passion - after years of letting life get in the way - he was drawn into the world of biochemistry with a renewed dedication directed toward the discovery of a solution to - and a cure for - PA toxicosis ('Ragwort' poisoning). The toxins involved adversely affect the health of grazing animals....though especially that of horses and other equines.Taking on the seemingly impossible task, 'Alkaloids: Their Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology' brought Visick's commitment to problem-solving to a wholly new level in a quest to deliver a conclusion that has eluded the scientific and veterinary worlds for decades.Split into two easy-to-read sections, 'Alkaloids: Their Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology' interrogates theories and information at the core of the alkaloid problem, whilst providing an intriguing commentary on associated issues - e.g. copper toxicity (hypercupraemia).Part One provides an exhaustive listing of known alkaloids, their sources and many of their relevant properties.Part Two details the results of recent chemical trials that have: (i) assessed the viability of a range of potential detoxification methods; (ii) established viable and easy-to-use and low-toxicity colorimetric methods for alkaloid- and 'copper'- detection (to confirm presence or eradication).In his incredibly thorough and new educational thesis, Trevor J lays out possible modes of treatment to address the major toxic effects that PAs have on many grazing animals...in particular when seen from a global perspective. Drawing on his personal experience of over 45 years of scientific expertise and following an almost countless multiplicity of laboratory tests, 'Alkaloids, Their Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology' evaluates potential modes of treatment for (especially) PA toxicosis.Finally, whilst there remains work to be done - e.g. on other feedstuff toxins that remain a threat to our livestock, and especially horses - the proposed system described offers a solution to the PA toxicosis problem.....one that has eluded the efforts of both the veterinary and scientific worlds for way too long.

Author: Peter R. Cheeke
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849369902
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 350

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Book Description
This comprehensive treatise offers an in-depth discussion of natural toxicants in plants, emphasizing their effects as defenses against herbivory. Coevolution of plants and her-bivores are covered with a detailed treatment of toxicant metabolism and systemic effects in mammalian tissues. Con-sideration of the economic importance of plant toxins, modi-fication by plant breeding, management of toxico-sis, and toxicant problems in various geographic areas are in-cluded. Each volume offers an extensive description of chemistry, biosynthesis, analysis, distribution in plants, metabolism in mam-mals and insects, and practical problems in humans and livestock.

Author: Andrew G. Mtewa
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119650232
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444

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Book Description
Focusing on phytochemicals and their potential for drug discovery, this book offers a comprehensive resource on poisonous plants and their applications in chemistry and in pharmacology. Provides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery Covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery Presents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career

Author: Tadeusz Aniszewski
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080475337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 325

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Book Description
Alkaloids, represent a group of interesting and complex chemical compounds, produced by the secondary metabolism of living organisms in different biotopes. They are relatively common chemicals in all kingdoms of living organisms in all environments. Two hundred years of scientific research has still not fully explained the connections between alkaloids and life. Alkaloids-Chemistry, Biological Significance, Applications and Ecological Role provides knowledge on structural typology, biosynthesis and metabolism in relation to recent research work on alkaloids. Considering an organic chemistry approach to alkaloids using biological and ecological explanation. Within the book several questions that persist in this field of research are approached as are some unresearched areas. The book provides beneficial text for an academic and professional audience and serves as a source of knowledge for anyone who is interested in the fascinating subject of alkaloids. Each chapter features an abstract. Appendices are included, as are a listing of alkaloids, plants containing alkaloids and some basic protocols of alkaloid analysis. * Presents the ecological role of alkaloids in nature and ecosystems * Interdisciplinary and reader friendly approach * Up-to-date knowledge