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Author: William Howard Daly Publisher: ISBN: Category : TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING Languages : en Pages : 107
Book Description
In this project the researchers studied a correlation between molecular structure and corresponding compositional analysis of asphalt binders of conventional hot mix asphalt mixtures (HMA) as well as mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and/or recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) with their cracking potential at intermediate temperature. The molecular size and structure of asphalt components of RAP and RAS undergo large changes during their exposure to environmental factors, which affects the physical properties imparted to their mixtures with conventional asphalt liquids. The composition of the mixtures prepared using a PG 70-22M binder was ascertained using thin layer chromatograpy/FID detection (Iatroscan), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The distribution of species by molecular mass as determined by deconvoluting gel permeation chromatographs, emphasizing in particular, the amount of asphaltenes as they are related to the age hardening of asphalt materials. The extent of sample aging is apparent from the carbonyl oxygen content from FTIR measurements of the mixtures. Fracture resistance of laboratory produced mixtures was assessed using the Semi Circular Bend Test (SCB) test procedure; a minimal value of 0.5 kJ/m2 was considered acceptable. Mixtures containing up to 5% RAS, 15% RAP and 15% RAP/5% RAS met the SCB standard. Molecular fractionation through GPC of mixtures containing RAS confirmed the presence of highly associated asphaltenes in greater concentrations than mixtures containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). High concentrations of high molecular weight associated asphaltenes (mol wt > 20K Daltons) which are present in RAS samples decrease the fracture resistance of the asphalt mixtures. The use of recycling agents, Cyclogen-L, Hydrogreen, Asphalt Flux and Re-refined engine oil bottoms (REOB), did not reduce the concentration of the highly associated asphaltenes, further they failed to improve the cracking resistance of the asphalt mixtures evaluated in this study. However, the recycling agents effected quantitative extraction of the RAS asphalt component.
Author: William Howard Daly Publisher: ISBN: Category : TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING Languages : en Pages : 107
Book Description
In this project the researchers studied a correlation between molecular structure and corresponding compositional analysis of asphalt binders of conventional hot mix asphalt mixtures (HMA) as well as mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and/or recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) with their cracking potential at intermediate temperature. The molecular size and structure of asphalt components of RAP and RAS undergo large changes during their exposure to environmental factors, which affects the physical properties imparted to their mixtures with conventional asphalt liquids. The composition of the mixtures prepared using a PG 70-22M binder was ascertained using thin layer chromatograpy/FID detection (Iatroscan), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The distribution of species by molecular mass as determined by deconvoluting gel permeation chromatographs, emphasizing in particular, the amount of asphaltenes as they are related to the age hardening of asphalt materials. The extent of sample aging is apparent from the carbonyl oxygen content from FTIR measurements of the mixtures. Fracture resistance of laboratory produced mixtures was assessed using the Semi Circular Bend Test (SCB) test procedure; a minimal value of 0.5 kJ/m2 was considered acceptable. Mixtures containing up to 5% RAS, 15% RAP and 15% RAP/5% RAS met the SCB standard. Molecular fractionation through GPC of mixtures containing RAS confirmed the presence of highly associated asphaltenes in greater concentrations than mixtures containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). High concentrations of high molecular weight associated asphaltenes (mol wt > 20K Daltons) which are present in RAS samples decrease the fracture resistance of the asphalt mixtures. The use of recycling agents, Cyclogen-L, Hydrogreen, Asphalt Flux and Re-refined engine oil bottoms (REOB), did not reduce the concentration of the highly associated asphaltenes, further they failed to improve the cracking resistance of the asphalt mixtures evaluated in this study. However, the recycling agents effected quantitative extraction of the RAS asphalt component.
Author: Guillermo Thenoux Publisher: ISBN: Category : Asphalt cement Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
This dissertation presents the findings of a literature review and information regarding selection, implementation and development of a chemical composition procedure for asphalt cements. The chemical composition analysis selected was the Corbett-Swarbrick procedure standarized as ASTM D4124. The procedure is a selective adsorption / desorption (solid / liquid) chromatography which separates asphalts in four distinct generic fractions. During the implementation of the Corbett-Swarbrick method, a number of refinements were made to improve its efficiency. These are presented in a comprehensive user manual as an appendix of this dissertation. The chemical procedure selected in conjunction with other rheological measurements of asphalt was used in a comprehensive study to characterize asphalt pavement material properties. Eight highway projects located throughout the State of Oregon were included in the present research. The highway projects were chosen to represent a wide variety of environmental and traffic conditions. Asphalt fractional composition was statistically related to asphalt theological properties and asphalt temperature susceptibility. Asphalt material properties were also included in the selection of prediction models and related to pavement performance. Fractional composition was also used for the evaluation of four different asphalt extraction / recovery procedures and the evaluation of a pressure oxygen bomb device, used for asphalt laboratory aging. The major findings of the research were: Fractional compositional analysis of asphalt showed that recovered asphalt may not represent the same characteristics of the actual asphalt present in the mix. Some rheological properties of asphalt showed good correlation to asphalt composition in the higher temperature range. At lower temperature, however, relationships were more scattered. Different temperature susceptibility parameters have different relationships with chemical fractional composition, and, do not correlate with each other. Different extraction / recovery procedures yield different chemical fractional composition for the same asphalt. Pavement performance statistically relates to groups of asphalt properties and asphalt mix properties.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Asphaltene Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Corbett analysis, Heithaus test and other physical and chemical tests have been used to characterize asphalts and to relate chemical properties, physical properties and performance. The asphalts used in the present study consisted of periodic samples of virgin asphalt from various suppliers to Texas in the last two years, the test pavement asphalts in Dickens, Dumas and Lufkin, Texas from study 287, and a group of asphalts which had been rated according to tenderness.
Author: Lily D. Poulikakos Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030004767 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
This volume contains the Proceedings of the RILEM TC 252-CMB International Symposium on the Chemo-Mechanical Characterization of Bituminous Materials. The Symposium was attended by researchers and practitioners from different fields presenting the latest findings in the chemical, mechanical, and microstructural characterization of bituminous materials. The book offers new and cutting edge papers on innovative techniques for the characterization of bituminous materials, gaining new insights into current issues such as effects of aging, moisture, and temperature.
Author: Peterson Publisher: Strategic Highway Research Program (Shrp) ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
This final report, in four volumes, of Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) Project A-002A describes intensive investigations of the chemical and physical properties of petroleum asphalts used in the construction of highway pavements. The model and predictive capability constitute the major portion of volume 1.
Author: Robert Grover Allen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The study of asphalt chemo-mechanics requires a basic understanding of the physical properties and chemical composition of asphalt and how these properties are linked to changes in performance induced by chemical modifications. This work uniquely implements the framework of chemo-mechanics by investigating two types of chemical modification processes, natural (oxidative aging) and synthetic (chemical doping) as they relate not only to macro-scale properties of asphalt binder but also to the asphalt microstructure and nanorheology. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging and the extraction of nano-scale engineering properties, i.e. elastic modulus, relaxation modulus, and surface energy, as a method to predict performance related to the fatigue characteristics of asphalt binders by modeling intrinsic material flaws present amongst phase interfaces. It was revealed that oxidative aging induces substantial microstructural changes in asphalt, including variations in phase structure, phase properties, and phase distribution. It has also been shown that certain asphalt chemical parameters have a consistent and measureable effect on the asphalt microstructure that is observed with AFM. In fact, particular phases that emerged via chemical doping revealed a surprising correlation between oxidative aging and the saturates chemical parameter of asphalt in terms of how they explicitly impact durability and performance of asphalt. By implementing a crack initiation model -- which requires measureable microstructural characteristics as an input parameter -- it was found that microstructural flaws (depending on the extremity) can have a more profound impact on asphalt performance than the properties of the material located between the flaws. It was also discovered by comparing the findings to performance data in the Strategic Highway Research Program's (SHRP's) Materials Reference Library (MRL), that the crack initiation model predicts very similar performance as the SHRP's distress resistance indicators. Overall, this body of work yields improved input values for asphalt prediction models and serves as the basis for ongoing studies in the areas of asphalt chemical mapping, modeling of nano-damage, and nano-modification using AFM. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149372
Author: Rayhan Bin Ahmed Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) material is considered as an economical approach for sustainable pavement construction. However, usage of higher RAP binder content is more susceptible to pavement cracking. Using rejuvenators with RAP binder is a widely used approach to address the issues related to RAP binder. This study used thin film oven test (TFOT) aged binder with three types of rejuvenators including waste cooking oil (UT/R1), modified waste cooking oil (TR/R2), and Hydrolene (HL/R3). Also, in some cases, styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) polymer was added with UT/R1 and TR/R2 rejuvenated binders to compare the performances. To understand the behavior and the performance of these rejuvenators, three sets of characterization tests were conducted: chemical, morphological, and rheological. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed for chemical characterization, while Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for morphological analysis. Later, a frequency sweep test and surface free energy (SFE) test was conducted to understand the rheological performances and moisture damage resistance of rejuvenated asphalt binders respectively. Based on the experimentation, the study reveals that UT/R1 softens the binders most, whereas TR/R2 rejuvenator eliminates these issues and showed better rheological performances of the binder. However, in case of moisture susceptibility, TR/R2 rejuvenated binder seems to have poor resistance and the highest resistance was recorded for UT/R1 rejuvenated binders. This study observes a good correlation between chemical, morphological and rheological performances of binders which are expected to contribute to the performance evaluation and characterization of rejuvenated asphalt mixes.
Author: William Howard Daly
Author: William Howard Daly
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Author: Guillermo Thenoux
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Jack S. Youtcheff
Author: Lily D. Poulikakos
Author: Peterson
Author: Robert Grover Allen
Author: Rayhan Bin Ahmed