Characterization of a Novel, in Vivo, Laparoscopic Hyperspectral Imaging System for Minimally Invasive Surgery PDF Download

Author: Sabira Naik
Publisher: ProQuest
ISBN: 9780542863165
Category : Biomedical engineering
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Background. Minimally invasive operations have transformed the field of surgery. Major operations are now performed through a series of 1cm incisions rather than through a large opening resulting in less pain, disability and fewer complications. Visualization of intra-abdominal structures is accomplished by endoscopes, 9mm diameter tubes containing relay optics. Application of advanced imaging techniques should enhance the surgeon's ability to perform operations more safely. Methods. Hyperspectral imaging has been adapted to endoscopic surgical instruments via a near infrared liquid crystal tunable filter and a back-illuminated, deep-depletion focal plane array with anti-etaloning process for extending sensitivity in the near infrared region. For the visible laparoscopic hyperspectral imaging, a visible low resolution liquid crystal tunable filter is used with a charged coupled device. Results. This imaging system has been used to visualize the peritoneal cavity in anesthetized pigs. Different inherent chromophores like Oxyhemoglobin, Deoxyhemoglobin, lipids and water, differentiate the intra-abdominal structures. Conclusion. Laparoscopic hyperspectral imaging has great potential for improving the surgeon's ability to "see through" the porta hepatis and visualize the common bile duct during cholecystectomy without infusing contrast agents or radiographs. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).

Author: Bhavesh Shah
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780542610493
Category : Biomedical engineering
Languages : en
Pages :

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Instrumentation with clinical implications for imaging the human oculus was developed, based upon the hyperspectral imaging modality. The novel, non invasive, microscopic multi-modal hyperspectral imaging system, which operates in the visible as well as near infrared region, is capable of generating images illustrating spatial distribution of oxyhemoglobin contributions. The device principally comprises of a liquid crystal tunable filter and a focal plane array detector that is integrated to the slit lamp microscope. A proof of principle clinical study involving ten healthy subjects was undertaken to image the microvascular structure within the dermal tissue within the near infrared region, however these results are not validated. The spectral range used in the study was 650--1050nm, with a spectral resolution of 5nm, magnification of 10X to obtain a 35 ms acquisition time and a spatial resolution of 0.054 mm at binning of 1 x 1. The successful dermal microvascular study paved way for imaging the human eye using the visible region, wherein the anterior scleral surface was visualized in seven healthy subjects to spatially map the oxyhemoglobin contributions in the microvasculature perfusing the sclera. The spectral range used in the human eye study was 520--602nm, with a spectral resolution of 2nm, magnification of 10X to obtain a 5 ms acquisition time and a spatial resolution of 0.038 mm at binning of 2 x 2.

Author: Robert Paul Francis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Surgeons want technology to help them see differences in tissue chemistry. If they know how oxygenated tissues and organs are during medical procedures, they are more able to eliminate dangerous tissues and maintain viable organs. Hyperspectral imaging non-invasively measures the optical absorbance spectrum of each pixel in a spatial field of view and, with chemometric image processing, can visualize the spatial distribution of tissue oxygenation. Current hyperspectral imaging systems are too slow to monitor real-time physiological changes in live tissue. Therefore, a novel DLP Hyperspectral Imaging (DLP HSI) system is developed for real-time, non-invasive, in vivo imaging of tissue chemistry in surgical and clinical applications. The cornerstone of the new hyperspectral imaging system is an OL 490 spectral light engine created with Texas Instruments' "Digital Light Processor" (DLP®) technology. In the OL 490, polychromatic visible light is dispersed onto the micromirror array of a DLP chip so that each column of micromirrors corresponds to a narrow band of monochromatic light. Programming the mirrors individually allows the user to precisely define the intensity of each wavelength in the light engine's optical output spectrum. The OL 490 can illuminate with narrow bandpasses of light as in traditional hyperspectral imaging, but the novelty of the DLP HSI is using the OL 490 to illuminate with complex broadband illumination spectra. Regardless of the illumination scheme, the light from the OL 490 is reflected from a tissue sample of interest and detected by a scientific grade CCD focal plane array. The spectral light engine and the camera detector are fully characterized as individual components, synchronized by software, and integrated into a robust system prototype that is transported throughout surgical and clinical suites. To visualize the spatial distribution of oxygenation, a Spectral Sweep mode mimics traditional hyperspectral imaging, explicitly measures the absorbance spectrum of each image pixel, and compares each spectrum to reference spectra of tissue chromophores. Spectral Sweep mode requires 20 seconds to generate a single image chemically-encoded for relative oxygenation. In contrast, a 3 Shot mode illuminates tissue with three complex broadband spectra derived from the reference spectra of tissue chromophores, measures the relative absorbance of the complex illuminations, and directly outputs an image also chemically-encoded for relative oxygenation. The 3 Shot mode can generate 3 chemically-encoded images every second. After calibrating and optimizing the performance of the DLP Hyperspectral Imaging system, the principle of visualizing oxygenation is proven by following the reactive hyperemia in an occluded finger example. The imaging system is then applied to partial nephrectomy, lower limb neuropathy, brain surgery, reactive hyperemia in the foot, and diabetic retinopathy. Representative images show that the system is useful for visualizing relative tissue oxygenation, but the absolute values are not yet calibrated. Overall, the DLP HSI is widely accepted by urologists, neurosurgeons, and clinicians.

Author: Juan A. Sánchez-Margallo
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3656922683
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 214

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Book Description
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2014 in the subject Medicine - Biomedical Engineering, grade: Excellent "cum laude", , language: English, abstract: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become in many surgical specialties and procedures the gold-standard choice due to its efficiency and benefits towards patient safety. However, the introduction of laparoscopic surgery has led to the need of developing new surgical skills different to those required for open surgery, with a significant learning curve to perform a safe laparoscopic surgery. Traditional subjective assessment methods of trainees are no longer adequate for surgical training. Reduced working hours as well as demands from surgeons and associations mean that more objective assessment tools that can accredit surgeons as technically competent are required. Evidence exists to validate motion analysis for laparoscopic technical skills assessment. Motion analysis of the laparoscopic instruments seeks to determine aspects that indicate the difference between surgeon's level of surgical dexterity. However, at the moment there is not an extended method to be used with current available training systems used in training laboratories as well as for the OR. The purpose of this book is to present the design, development and validation of three novel motion analysis methods focused on the use of real laparoscopic instruments during laparoscopic performance. These methods are based on computer vision techniques attempting to not interfere with the surgical practice. They are introduced in an evolutionary way from methods for exclusive use in a box trainer to solutions with the potential of being used in actual OR setting. Overall, this work corroborates the research hypothesis regarding the use of three different video-based tracking technologies for motion analysis of laparoscopic instruments, the use of instrument motion analysis for MIS technical skills assessment and the relationship between motion-related assessment metrics and quality of technical performance in laparoscopic training. These presented methods provide a tool to objectively assess MIS technical performance and a support to train novice surgeons in MIS techniques. The findings of this work encourage us to continue researching in improving these methods to be introduced as part of an actual laparoscopic training program, both inside and outside the OR.

Author: Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1839625848
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Book Description
The implementation of laparoscopy has revolutionized surgery over the past few years, incorporating significant benefits for the patient. However, this evolution has also entailed many technical obstacles for surgeons. This book is for readers wanting to learn more about recent surgical techniques and technologies. Topics cover novel sophisticated approaches for single-site surgery, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, and transanal surgery, among others. Also included are reviews of new innovative surgical devices, robotic platforms, and methodological guidelines for improving surgical performance and surgeon ergonomics.

Author: Nicholas Bautista Targhetta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Imaging systems
Languages : en
Pages : 120

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Author: Christopher Robert Idelson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
Laparoscopy is a method of minimally invasive surgery that is used in millions of procedures annually around the globe. Its usage trend is rising rapidly due to more favorable medical and monetary outcomes, especially when compared to open-surgery. One issue in laparoscopic procedures arises when the laparoscope lens becomes obstructed via condensation, bodily fluids, or tissue matter/residue. Currently, cleaning the laparoscope requires removing the scope from the body, wiping it on a sponge/cloth, and usually applying anti-condensation solution to the lens before reinserting the scope into the body. This scope cleaning process generates concerns related to medical and economic outcomes, with shows statistical correlation to higher rates of complications and post-surgical site infections with extended times under anesthesia. The ability to clean a laparoscope quickly and effectively inside the body stands to improve medical and monetary outcomes for numerous stakeholders. Current technologies show minimal adoption due to problems surrounding efficacy, compatibility, etc. This dissertation describes the analysis of customer needs relating to this medical issue in addition to the design and evaluation of a novel in-vivo laparoscope cleaning device to address the problem. Also included is additional discussion surrounding regulatory considerations of said device

Author: Farid Gharagozloo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030535940
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1548

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Book Description
The first edition of Robotic Surgery was written only a decade after the introduction of robotic technology. It was the first comprehensive robotic surgery reference and represented the early pioneering look ahead to the future of surgery. Building upon its success, this successor edition serves as a complete multi-specialty sourcebook for robotic surgery. It seeks to explore an in-depth look into surgical robotics and remote technologies leading to the goal of achieving the benefits of traditional surgery with the least disruption to the normal functions of the human body. Written by experts in the field, chapters cover the fundamental principles of robotic surgery and provide clear instruction on their clinical application and long term results. Most notably, one chapter on “The Blueprint for the Establishment of a Successful Robotic Surgery Program: Lessons from Admiral Hymen R. Rickover and the Nuclear Navy” outlines the many valuable lessons from the transformative change which was brought about by the introduction of nuclear technology into the conventional navy with Safety as the singular goal of the change process. Robotics represents a monumental triumph of surgical technology. Undoubtedly, the safety of the patient will be the ultimate determinant of its success. The second edition of Robotic Surgery aims to erase the artificial boundaries of specialization based on regional anatomy and serves as a comprehensive multispecialty reference for all robot surgeons. It allows them to contemplate crossing boundaries which are historically defined by traditional open surgery.

Author: Giorgio Dagnini
Publisher:
ISBN: 9784431509998
Category : Abdomen
Languages : en
Pages : 206

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Author: Malini Olivo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9812876278
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 360

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Book Description
The present book provides recent developments in various in vivo imaging and sensing techniques such as photo acoustics (PA) imaging and microscopy, ultrasound-PA combined modalities, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and micro OCT, Raman and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) techniques and nanoparticle enabled endoscopy etc. There is also a contributing chapter from leading medical instrumentation company on their view of optical imaging techniques in clinical laparoscopic surgery. The UN proclaimed 2015 as the International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies, emphasizing achievements in the optical sciences and their importance to human beings. In this context, this book focusses on the recent advances in biophotonics techniques primarily focused towards translational medicine contributed by thought leaders who have made cutting edge developments in various photonics techniques.