Characterization and Evaluation of Cyclodextrin Polymers as Alternative Adsorbents to Activated Carbon for Micropollutant Removal During Water and Wastewater Treatment PDF Download

Author: Yuhan Ling
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 223

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Author: Yuhan Ling
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Organic micropollutants (MPs) are difficult to remove from water and wastewater in a cost-effective and energy efficient manner. In this research, a novel [beta]-cyclodextrin polymer (P-CDP) was investigated as a potential adsorbent of MPs and its performance was benchmarked against a common coconut-shell based granular activated carbon (CCAC). Adsorption kinetics were measured in batch and filtration-type experiments and distribution coefficients were determined from affinity experiments that investigated 90 structurally diverse MPs in a complex mixture and at environmentally relevant concentrations. The batch kinetic data was used to estimate pseudo second-order rate constants (kobs) for 83 of the 90 MPs based on a conventional kinetic model. The kobs for 70 of the 83 MPs were orders-of-magnitude greater for P-CDP than CCAC, indicating that adsorption equilibrium of P-CDP can be achieved relatively rapidly. However, overall batch removal was greater for most MPs on the CCAC, indicating a relatively greater adsorption capacity for CCAC. The filtration experiments showed that instant uptake on the P-CDP was greater than 90% for 31 of the MPs, confirming the potential for rapid MP uptake. However, the remaining MPs were only partially removed revealing an apparent selectivity of the P-CDP. Therefore, the distribution coefficient (K[INFINITY]) was determined for each MP in an affinity experiment and the data were used to develop a Linear Solvation Energy Relationship (LSER). The coefficients of the resulting LSER model suggest that the McGowan volume of a particular MP is an important factor influencing adsorption affinity for P-CDP but positive charges can also influence the adsorption of MPs when the McGowan volume ranges from 0.87 to 5.73 (cm3 mol-1/100). Together, data from these experiments provide key insights into the mechanisms by which MPs bind to P-CDP and demonstrate that the P-CDP could be a suitable alternative to activated carbon with potential applications in water and wastewater treatment.

Author: Detlef R. U. Knappe
Publisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 1583215425
Category : Drinking water
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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This project studies the application of high-silica zeolites for the removal of polar organic contaminants, i.e., antimicrobial compounds and the fuel additive methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), from drinking water. Recently published data show that high-silica zeolites, a class of crystalline adsorbents with well defined pore sizes, exhibit considerably larger single-solute MTBE adsorption capacities than activated carbons and carbonaceous resins. The effectiveness of high-silica zeolites is compared to that of activated carbons and a carbonaceous resin.

Author: Susheel Kalia
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128205423
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Natural Polymers-Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment focuses on the recent development of novel polymeric adsorbents that are green and eco-friendly or biodegradable in nature. The book reviews the synthesis, properties and adsorption applications of natural and green polymer-based adsorbents. It discusses adsorption processes in biopolymer systems, remediation technologies developed to remove environmental pollutants, the usage of natural polymer-based cost-effective and green novel adsorbent materials for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants, and the efficiency of functionalized polymers, nanosorbents, hydrogels, composites, graft copolymers in the sorption of various pollutants from the environment as well as from the industrial effluents. Researchers working on environmental remediation need a single book, where all data on natural and green adsorbents for water treatment are discussed comprehensively. Natural Polymers-Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment addresses this need by providing world-wide leading experts’ observations and research. So, this book is a valuable reference for early-career scientist, academic researchers and graduate students in chemical engineering and material science. Presents step-by-step review of processing and modification of natural polymers and their applications in water remediation Analyzes data on natural and green adsorbents for water treatment, meanwhile provides world-wide experts’ knowledge to pave the way for further research Includes extensive tables, graphs, figures, bibliographies and references to enhance key concepts

Author: Pourya Zojaji
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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A partial removal of emerging organic micropollutants (EOMs) in conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) results in their continuous release to the aquatic terrestrial systems. Subsequently, EOMs such as pharmaceutical compounds, their respective metabolites as well as hormones and herbicides need a complementary treatment, e.g. sorption. However, sorptive material supposes to follow sustainable development principles as much as possible. Thus, utilizing low-cost alternative precursors for the production of sorptive material was considered in this study. Wasted activated sludge (WAS) and wood waste were used as viable primary materials for this purpose. The main objective of the present work was to remove of EOMs from a WWTP's effluent by an effective alternative carbon adsorbent derived from the blends of sludge and woodchips. The study consisted of three stages. In the first stage, the presence of thirty multi-class EOMs was investigated in a WWTP effluent and its vicinity in Saint Lawrence River (SLR). Subsequently, the most popular EOMs were classified, then, target compounds were selected to be exposed to adsorption process. In the second stage, an effective method to produce pore enriched activated carbon from single-step activation of sludge with the additive of wood residues was developed. The produced new adsorbent increased the surface area from 1320 m2/g to 1565 m2/g after combining sludge precursor with hardwood chips. Also, the strength of the surface acidity and yield of products were mounted after wood addition. In stage 3, the sorption of an anti-depressant, venlafaxine (VEN), from aqueous solution onto the new adsorbent derived from the mixture of sludge and hardwood residues (SS:HW) was compared with a commercial granular activated carbon (CGAC). Maximum sorption capacity of the SS:HW was measured 131.57 mg/g from Langmuir isotherm while this value was 25.57 mg/g for CGAC. Then SS:HW adsorption efficiency was successfully validated on real WWTP effluent; while CGAC failed to remove a mixture of EOMs from the real matrix. The results revealed the new micro-mesoporous sludge-based (SS:HW) adsorbent could serve as an efficient tool for polishing WWTP effluent and protecting the quality of surface water resources.

Author: Virginia Hernández Montoya
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535101978
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 104

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The present book discusses the principal lignocellulosic precursors used in the elaboration of activated carbons in different countries such as Asia, America, Europe and Africa; the different methods and experimental conditions employed in the synthesis of activated carbons, including one analysis of the principal stages of the preparation such as carbonization and activation (i.e., chemical or physical activation). Also, the recent and more specialized techniques used in the characterization of activated carbons are discussed in this book. For example, the techniques employed to determine textural parameters (mercury porosimetry and gas adsorption isotherms at 77 K) and different spectroscopies to determine chemical functionality (Raman, FT-IR, etc.) and other X-Ray techniques. Additionally, an overview of the application of activated carbons obtained from lignocellulosic precursors for wastewater treatment. Specifically, the analysis and discussion are focused on the advantages and capabilities of activated carbons for the removal of relevant toxic compounds and pollutants from water such as heavy metals, dyes, phenol, etc. Finally, the use of pyrolysis method for the valorization of two Mexican typical agricultural wastes (orange peel and pecan nut shell) for energy and carbon production is considered in this book.

Author: Grégorio Crini
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030493083
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 409

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This book presents the historical development of Cyclodextrins by scientists who have made outstanding contribution to the field. Cyclodextrins are safe, cage-like molecules that have found major applications in many industrial sectors such as medicine, food, agriculture, environment and chemistry.

Author: Ri Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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As the concerns over the ubiquity and toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) grow, research has focused on finding both technically and financially efficient PFAS remediation technologies. When evaluating certain technologies, research has focused on the removal of perfluoroalkyl acids from water, but contaminated groundwater often contains complex mixtures of diverse groups of PFASs. Utilizing a more comprehensive method to evaluate the performance of different PFAS treatment technologies involving the consideration of environmental matrix complexity can bring more useful insights into practical application. Adsorption-based processes are among the most promising technologies available for PFAS removal from water. The conventional adsorbents including activated carbon (AC) and anion exchange (AE) resins have been implemented in pilot or full-scale processes targeting PFAS removal from water. Emerging adsorbents, including novel β-cyclodextrin polymers (CDPs), have also exhibited potential for PFAS removal from water. The efficacy of CDPs on PFAS removal and the importance of varying surface properties of different CDPs on determining the affinity and selectivity to contaminants have been demonstrated. However, the mechanisms by which adsorbates bind to CDPs remains poorly understood. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms about the relative contributions of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions for the adsorption of PFASs on CDPs.Two studies were designed to systematically explore the potential of conventional adsorbents and novel CDPs to remove mixtures of PFASs from contaminated groundwater and probe the adsorption binding mechanisms for anionic PFAS removal on CDPs. The first study aimed to evaluate the performance of five adsorbents including one AC, one AE resin and three different CDPs with varying surface charges to remove 68 PFASs in contaminated groundwater integrating a suspect screening approach. The PFAS removal performance of the adsorbents was evaluated with respect to adsorption affinity, kinetics, and selectivity. This evaluation provided insights on the factors that determine PFASs adsorption, which can be associated with the increasing length of the perfluorinated tail or could be more strongly related to properties of the head group. The second study aimed to evaluate the relative contributions of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions on the adsorption of anionic PFASs by CDPs under controlled experimental conditions in nanopure water and different salt-amended nanopure water matrices. This study provided new insights into the adsorption binding mechanisms between anionic PFASs and CDPs as a function of chain length, and revealed the effects of different types and concentrations of inorganic constituents on the adsorption mechanisms. Together, the research described in this thesis furthers the understanding of different PFAS removal patterns by different adsorbents, and the understanding of anionic PFAS adsorption mechanisms on CDPs. These findings can serve as guidance and knowledge support on the future development and practical application of CDPs for different PFAS species under a range of environmental conditions.

Author: Ahad Ghaemi
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323997473
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 536

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Polymeric Adsorbents: Characterization, Properties, Applications, and Modelling offers comprehensive information on the various types of polymeric adsorbents and uses, enabling the reader to understand, identify and prepare adsorbents with the required structure and properties for a range of key industrial applications. The book presents the various types of polymeric adsorbents and their characteristics, focuses on physicochemical properties, synthesis methods, functionalization, and composites and hybrid materials, and highlights key application areas, including gas adsorption, heavy metal removal, hazardous dye removal, and adsorption of antibiotics. Finally, the book provides detailed guidance on modeling of polymeric adsorbent behavior and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. This is a valuable resource to researchers and advanced students across polymer science, chemistry, materials science, engineering, environmental science, and engineers, scientists, and R&D professionals with an interest in polymeric adsorbents for industrial applications. Covers a full range of polymeric adsorbent types, as well as composites and hybrid adsorbents Explains chemistry, characterization, functionalization and methods for improving properties Explores a range of applications supported by detailed coverage of simulation and modeling

Author: Casey Ching
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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