Characterization and Control of Synthetic Network Architecture of Polymeric Hydrogel Materials for Biosensing Applications PDF Download

Author: Cheng Cheng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biosensors
Languages : en
Pages : 125

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Book Description
Immunosensors are widely used to detect biomarkers associated with disease, pathogens, and various biological states. Because they rely upon specific molecular binding events, immunosensors are often slow as the result of long biomolecular diffusion times in sample solution. These diffusion limitations, therefore, restrict the convenience and sensitivity of immunosensors. To address these limitations, a microscale hydrogel biosensing platform based on the rehydration-mediated swelling of dehydrated hydrogels has been developed. This novel and facile sensing platform utilizes convective flow generated during the rehydration of the dehydrated hydrogel posts to rapidly concentrate analytes to the edges of photolithographically patterned microscale hydrogel structures. Using this platform, analyte capture and detection can be achieved in less than 1 minute, which is less than 5% of the time required by equivalent molecular immunoassays. This platform was demonstrated using a model molecular capture assay with fluorescent reporting in a microfluidic flow format. In order to design and optimize the performance of desiccated hydrogel immunoassays, hydrogel network architecture must be thoroughly characterized and quantified. The properties of microfabricated hydrogels, such as diffusivity, equilibrium swelling ratio, and mechanical strength depend strongly upon fabrication conditions and the composition and stoichiometry of the hydrogel-forming solution. A COMSOL Multiphysics model completely describing microfabrication conditions has been applied to provide insights regarding hydrogel feature size and crosslinking density resulting from fabrication under different photo-lithography conditions. Finally, hydrogel diffusivity, a function of the hydrogel’s “mesh size” was experimentally measured by tuning microfabrication parameters including exposure intensity and time, acrylate group concentration, and the molecular weight of the PEGDA used in the precuring solution. Findings show that the mesh size of the microscale hydrogel materials can be locally controlled by altering acrylate group conversion rate, acrylate group concentration in the hydrogel-forming solution, and the molecular weight of the macromers used in the hydrogel-forming solution. Together, the combination of model and empirical determination of mesh size provides a predictive toolset that can be used to design rapid hydrogel-based immunoassays for a variety of biomolecular targets.

Author: Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811060835
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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Book Description
This book addresses a range of synthesis and characterization techniques that are critical for tailoring and broadening the various aspects of polymer gels, as well as the numerous advantages that polymer gel-based materials offer. It presents a comprehensive collection of chapters on the recent advances and developments in the science and fundamentals of both synthetic and natural polymer-based gels. Topics covered include: synthesis and structure of physically/chemically cross-linked polymer-gels/polymeric nanogels; gel formation through non-covalent cross-linking; molecular design and characterization; polysaccharide-based polymer gels: synthesis, characterization, and properties; modified polysaccharide gels: silica-based polymeric gels as platforms for the delivery of pharmaceuticals; gel-based approaches in genomic and proteomic sciences; emulgels in drug delivery; and organogels. The book provides a cutting-edge resource for researchers and scientists working in various fields involving polymers, biomaterials, bio-nanotechnology and functional materials.

Author: Sutapa Biswas Majee
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535125095
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 268

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Book Description
This book is an Up-to-date and authoritative account on physicochemical principles, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of hydrogels. It consists of eight contributions from different authors highlighting properties and synthesis of hydrogels, their characterization by various instrumental methods of analysis, comprehensive review on stimuli-responsive hydrogels and their diverse applications, and a special section on self-healing hydrogels. Thus, this book will equip academia and industry with adequate basic and applied principles related to hydrogels.

Author: Yu Chen
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128166185
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 552

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Book Description
Hydrogels Based on Natural Polymers presents the latest research on natural polymer-based hydrogels, covering fundamentals, preparation methods, synthetic pathways, advanced properties, major application areas, and novel characterization techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of each natural polymer-based hydrogel are also discussed, enabling preparation tactics for specific properties and applications. Sections cover fundamentals, development, characteristics, structures and properties. Additional chapters cover presentation methods and properties based on natural polymers, including physical and chemical properties, stimuli-responsive properties, self-healing properties, and biological properties. The final section presents major applications areas, including the biomedical field, agriculture, water treatments, and the food industry. This is a highly valuable resource for academic researchers, scientists and advanced students working with hydrogels and natural polymers, as well as across the fields of polymer science, polymer chemistry, plastics engineering, biopolymers and biomaterials. The detailed information will also be of great interest to scientists and R&D professionals, product designers, technicians and engineers across industries. Provides systematic coverage of all aspects of hydrogels based on natural polymers, including fundamentals, preparation methods, properties and characterization Offers a balanced assessment of the specific properties and possibilities offered by different natural polymer-based hydrogels, drawing on innovative research Examines cutting-edge applications across biomedicine, agriculture, water treatments, and the food industry

Author: Utkan Demirci
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9789814656108
Category : Biocolloids
Languages : en
Pages : 1000

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Book Description
Hydrogels are made from a three-dimensional network of cross linked hydrophilic polymers or colloidal particles that contain a large fraction of water. In recent years, hydrogels have attracted significant attention for a variety of applications in biology and medicine. This has resulted in significant advances in the design and engineering of hydrogels to meet the needs of these applications. This handbook explores significant development of hydrogels from characterization and applications. Volume 1 covers state-of-art knowledge and techniques of fundamental aspects of hydrogel physics and chemistry with an eye on bioengineering applications. Volume 2 explores the use of hydrogels in the interdisciplinary field of tissue engineering. Lastly volume 3 focuses on two important aspects of hydrogels, that is, drug delivery and biosensing. Contains 50 colour pages.

Author: Alyssa McKenna
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Colloids
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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Book Description
Photo-crosslinkable hydrogel films are versatile materials for controlled drug delivery devices (Duncan, 2003), three-dimensional micro-assemblies, and components in microfluidic systems (Beebe et al., 2000). A hydrogel is a flexible network of polymer molecules which swells when placed in water but will not dissolve because of the chemical or physical interconnections, called crosslinks, between the long chains of polymer molecules. Because of the high water content, hydrogels are pliable and respond to environmental conditions since the degree of swelling in these networks depends on environmental conditions such as pH and temperature (Hilt et al., 2003). This flexibility and environmental sensitivity renders hydrogels versatile materials for applications. For instance, the probability that they will damage delicate system components during micro-assembly is lower, and they can be tailored to respond to specific environments. Consequently, it is important to understand both the mechanical properties and the dynamics responses of these materials when designing such applications. Therefore, my thesis uses an atomic force microscope (AFM) to measure indentation with each applied force and then determines the best model with which to determine the mechanical properties from these data. Hydrogels also have poroelastic and viscoelastic properties which affect stress relaxation and thus impact their behavior in the different applications above. On short time scales, viscoelastic materials respond to stresses as elastic solids. On longer time scales, however, viscoelastic materials behave under stress as viscous fluids (Lin, 51). In poroelastic materials, the fluid in the material migrates simultaneously with the deformation of the porous network (Cai et al., 2010). Relatively recently, poroelasticity has been identified as an important factor in the mechanical behavior of polymer gels (Galli et al., 2008). Photo-crosslinkable hydrogels are unique because they crosslink - the polymer chains bond to form the network - when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light. Different dosages of UV light produce different mechanical properties, a feature which can be utilized when designing systems (Toomey et al., 2004). Although the mechanical properties of hydrogels have been studied extensively, the mechanical properties of photo-crosslinkable hydrogels have not been investigated thoroughly. To design accurate controlled drug delivery devices and other applications, we must both understand the stress relaxation of photo-patterned hydrogels and correlate the UV dosage and mechanical properties. We use AFM to examine the mechanical properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), which is attached to a silanized silicon substrate with a HEMA adhesive layer. We primarily use the AFM to collect force versus indentation data. In order to extract mechanical properties, particularly the Young0́9s modulus (the ratio of stress to strain) of the materials, from these data, we will evaluate existing mechanical models. Originally, the Hertz model (Hertz, 1881) was used to correlate the indentation and force data to the mechanical properties of the materials. This model, however, does not consider the surface forces between the two contacting surfaces, rendering it inaccurate for hydrogel thin films, where surface forces are significant. The Johnson, Kendall, and Roberts model (Johnson et al., 1971), which includes surface forces, is more appropriate but does not account for viscoelastic and poroelastic effects. Therefore, we will evaluate these models and modify them as needed to account for the poroelasticity of hydrogels. Simultaneously, we study the stress relaxation in these materials in the context of the viscoelastic and poroelastic relaxation models.

Author: Gabriele Sadowski
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319016830
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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Book Description
This volume of Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science assembles original contributions and invited reviews from the priority research program "Intelligent Hydrogels", funded by the German Science Foundation DFG since 2006, with about 25 contributing research groups. In the center of interest of this program and the present book are responsive hydrogels, i.e. hydrophilic polymer or polyelectrolyte networks that are able to respond to environmental stimuli such as changes in temperature, pH, additive concentration or electrical field. The activities focus on different aspects: on hydrogel synthesis, on the modeling and simulation of thermophysical hydrogel properties, as well as on innovative new hydrogel applications as smart materials. The present book summarizes the highlights in the results of the priority program in original contributions and invited reviews.

Author: Antonina Lavrentieva
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030767698
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Book Description
This book reviews the current knowledge on tunable hydrogels, including the range of different materials and applications, as well as the existing challenges and limitations in the field. It covers various aspects of the material design, particularly highlighting biological responsiveness, degradability and responsiveness to external stimuli. In this book, readers will discover original research data and state-of-the-art reviews in the area of hydrogel technology, with a specific focus on biotechnology and medicine. Written by leading experts, the contributions outline strategies for designing tunable hydrogels and offer a detailed evaluation of the physical and synthetic methods currently employed to achieve specific hydrogel properties and responsiveness. This highly informative book provides important theoretical and practical insights for scholars and researchers working with hydrogels for biomedical and biotechnological applications.

Author: Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319778297
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
With the prospect of revolutionizing specific technologies, this book highlights the most exciting and impactful current research in the fields of cellulose-based superabsorbent hydrogels with their smart applications. The book assembles the newest synthetic routes, characterization methods, and applications in the emergent area. Leading experts in the field have contributed chapters representative of their most recent research results, shedding light on the enormous potential of this field and thoroughly presenting cellulose-based hydrogel functioning materials. The book is intended for the polymer chemists, academic and industrial scientists and engineers, pharmaceutical and biomedical scientists and agricultural engineers engaged in research and development on absorbency, absorbent products and superabsorbent hydrogels. It can also be supportive for undergraduate and graduate students.

Author: J. P. Cohen Addad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336

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Book Description
This is a fully revised and up-dated edition of the popular book 'Surface Coatings' first published in 1985. The book provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of coating technology including composition, preparation and application, and the parameters controlling their ultimate performance. Techniques in their infancy at the time of the first edition, such as the synthesis of industrial resins, have now been developed and their applications are discussed here in detail. The basic principles of paint formulation have been revised and an extra section has been added on new technologies. The new sections have been written by experts working in the industry which gives the book a new dimension; covering both theoretical and practical aspects of the state-of-the-art. The editor has extensive experience in the surface coating field and runs his own research and development company specializing in the chemistry of surface coatings, adhesives and polymeric materials.