Author: Carolina Saint Pierre Publisher: ISBN: Category : Proteins Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
Hard white winter (HVVW) wheat cultivars must have superior protein quality and consistent processing quality to be successful in the Asian market. New cultivars and management strategies are needed to produce HVVW grain for both bread and noodle applications from diverse environments in the US Pacific Northwest (PNW). This study investigated the variability in grain quality, grain protein content and composition, and dough mixing properties in relation to moisture stress during grain-fill and nitrogen management in the PNW. Seven HWW and two soft white winter wheats were grown under line source irrigation and two nitrogen fertilization levels over two years and two locations. Plots were irrigated during grain-fill to replace from 100 to less than 30 % of measured evapotranspiration. Grain quality, protein quality, and protein composition were characterized by nitrogen determinations, single kernel analysis, polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO), SDS sedimentation tests, Mixograph analyses, and sizeexclusion HPLC. Water stress during grain-fill negatively affected grain yield, test weight, and kernel weight and diameter. Among HVVW cultivars, water stress caused reductions in test weight which were of larger magnitude in late maturing cultivars than in early genotypes. Mixograph peak time, stability, and tolerance were relatively unchanged over irrigation treatments. Nitrogen fertilization showed a positive contribution to both protein quantity and quality, without affecting PPO levels. Moreover, no significant correlation was found between flour protein and PPO. Changes in protein quality and composition were related to general increases in protein concentration, regardless if the result of reducing irrigation or increasing fertilization. The proportion of monomeric proteins (gliadins) increased more rapidly than the polymeric proteins (glutenins) as flour protein increased. Grouping of genotypes in biplots indicated that cultivars of similar quality responded similarly to treatment combinations in terms of protein quality and dough mixing properties. The patterns of response suggest that management strategies to meet target protein content and enduse quality are relatively independent of genotypic differences. Similar management strategies could then be recommended for HVVW when targeting specific end-uses. Early maturity reduced the impact of water and heat stress during grain-fill and would contribute to enhance grain quality and consistency in PNW cultivars.
Author: H.T. Buck Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402054971 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 764
Book Description
Providing a unique overview to wheat and related species, this book comprises the proceedings of the 7th International Wheat Conference, held in Mar del Plata, Argentina, at the end of 2005. Leading scientists from all over the world, specialized in different areas that contribute to the better understanding of wheat production and use, review the present achievements and discuss the future challenges for the wheat crop.
Author: Shuvasish Choudhury Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832549446 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 190
Book Description
Climate-smart agriculture, or CSA, is a multidimensional approach to transforming and reshaping agricultural systems to support food security under the new realities of climate change. Global changes in rainfall and temperature patterns threaten agricultural production and increase the vulnerability of people dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods, residing mostly in the world's developing countries. Climate change interrupts food markets and agro-economy, posing population-wide risks to the food supply. Threats can be minimized by increasing the resilience capacity of farmers through improving agricultural practices as well as enhancing flexibility and resource use efficiency in agricultural production systems. In order to develop a sustainable climate-smart agriculture practice, the first step is to assess the impacts of environmental constricts followed by modeling-based approaches. At the same time, an evaluation of current practices in minimizing abiotic stress in field crops is unavoidable. An assessment of the efficacy of newly developed methodologies is also of prime interest. Improvements in yield stability alone cannot generate the desired growth in the agro-economic sector; slow but steady demand for the improved food quality is also high on the priority list. So “Quality with Desired Quantity” will be a prime focus in the coming years in the agriculture sector. Policies that can influence climate-smart agriculture in the future have also been given equal importance.
Author: Mirza Hasanuzzaman Publisher: Springer ISBN: 981136883X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 685
Book Description
This book presents recent advances in global wheat crop research, including the effects of abiotic stresses like high and low temperatures, drought, hypoxia, salinity, heavy metals, nutrient deficiency, and toxicity on wheat production. It also highlights various approaches to alleviate the damaging effects of abiotic stress on wheat as well as advanced approaches to develop abiotic-stress-tolerant wheat crops. Wheat is probably one of the world’s most important cereals; it is a staple food in more than 40 countries, and because of its adaptability is cultivated in almost every region. Global wheat production has more than doubled in the last 50 years due to higher yields. However, despite their high yield potential, modern wheat cultivars are often subject to crop loss due to the abiotic stresses. As such, plant breeders have long aimed to improve tolerance in order to maintain yield. Written by 85 experts, and offering the latest insights into wheat responses and tolerance to various abiotic stresses, it is a valuable tool for agronomists, plant breeders, plant physiologists and students in the field of plant science and agriculture. It is the first book to comprehensively cover past and current abiotic stress problems and tolerance mechanisms.
Author: Fulai Liu Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323854508 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
Sustainable Crop Productivity and Quality under Climate Change: Responses of Crop Plants to Climate Change explores the physiological, biochemical, and molecular basis of the responses of major crop plants to a range of climate change scenarios. From the development of climate-resilient crop varieties which lead to enhanced crop productivity and quality to better utilization of natural resources to ensure food security through modern breeding techniques, it presents insights into improving yield while securing the environment. Understanding the impact of climate on crop quality and production is a key challenge of crop science. Predicted increases in climate variability necessitate crop varieties with intrinsic resilience to cooccurring abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, and flooding in a future climate of elevated CO2. This book presents a much-needed mechanistic understanding of the interactions between multiple stress responses of plants that is required to identify and take advantage of acclimation traits in major crop species as a prerequisite for securing robust yield and good quality. This book is an excellent reference for crop and agricultural scientists, plant scientists, and researchers working on crop plant ecophysiology/stress physiology and future crop production. Includes breeding strategies for developing climate-resilient crop varieties Presents a comprehensive overview of the current challenges, approaches, and best practices Authored by frontline researchers and experts who work at the fields of climate change impacts on crop productivity
Author: Munir Ozturk Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128195673 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 388
Book Description
Climate Change and Food Security with Emphasis on Wheat is the first book to present the full scope of research in wheat improvement, revealing the correlations to global issues including climate change and global warming which contribute to food security issues. Wheat plays a key role in the health of the global economy. As the world population continuously increases, economies modernize, and incomes rise, wheat production will have to increase dramatically to secure it as a reliable and sustainable food source. Since covering more land area with wheat crops is not a sustainable option, future wheat crops must have consistently higher yields and be able to resist and/or tolerate biotic and abiotic stresses that result from climate change. Addressing the biophysical and socioeconomic constraints of producing high-yielding, disease-resistant, and good quality wheat, this book will aid in research efforts to increase and stabilize wheat production worldwide. Written by an international team of experts, Climate Change and Food Security with Emphasis on Wheat is an excellent resource for academics, researchers, and students interested in wheat and grain research, especially as it is relevant to food security. Covers a wide range of disciplines, including plant breeding, genetics, agronomy, physiology, pathology, quantitative genetics and genomics, biotechnology and gene editing Explores the effect of climate change on biotic stresses (stripe rust, stem rust, leaf rust, Karnal bunt, spot blotch) on wheat production and utilization of biotechnology Focuses on whole genome sequencing and next-generation sequencing technologies to improve wheat quality and address the issue of malnutrition in developing world
Author: Carolina Saint Pierre
Author: H.T. Buck
Author: Shuvasish Choudhury
Author: Margaret K. Kilibwa
Author: 
Author: Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Author: Fulai Liu
Author: Munir Ozturk
Author: Carol E. Brown
Author: