Changement institutionnel, utilisation des produits phytosanitaires et gestion de la qualité de l'eau PDF Download

Author: Achille Diendéré
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0

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L'objectif principal de ce travail de recherche est d'étudier les mécanismes contribuant à accompagner le processus du changement institutionnel pour lutter contre la dégradation de la qualité de l'eau par l'agriculture au Burkina Faso (BF). La première partie retrace l'évolution de la politique agricole et de celle de l'eau au BF. Elle justifie, également, l'intérêt que nous avons à développer la problématique liée à la dégradation de la qualité de l'eau. La deuxième partie examine les motivations des pratiques des agriculteurs en matière d'utilisation des produits phytosanitaires et offre une réflexion sur les conditions et facteurs d'évolution de ces pratiques. Dans cette partie, en nous appuyant sur les concepts et outils de l'économie institutionnelle (école historique), nous faisons l'hypothèse d'un lien de causalité entre le comportement des agriculteurs et le statut de la ressource en eau et, plus précisément, le statut de la qualité de l'eau. La troisième partie de ce travail cherche à vérifier cette proposition théorique par la collecte et le traitement statistique et économétrique de données obtenues auprès d'un échantillon de 389 agriculteurs appartenant à trois zones agricoles présentant des problématiques de développement agricole différentes. Il ressort qu'une gestion collective de l'eau, appelant à la responsabilisation croissante des agriculteurs dans la protection accrue des ressources en eau est d'autant plus difficile en absence des croyances sur la dégradabilité de la qualité de l'eau. Le changement institutionnel permettant de conduire à l'évolution du statut de la qualité de l'eau n'est ainsi pas réductible à une modification du système légal d'incitations et de sanctions mais dépend, également, des croyances partagées d'agriculteurs membres d'un même collectif. Dès lors, le changement institutionnel étudié dépend de la manière dont les apprentissages sont organisés et impulsés par l'action publique.

Author: Roselyne Allemand
Publisher: Editions L'Harmattan
ISBN: 229625604X
Category : Social Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 180

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De nombreuses mesures ont été mises en place en vue de modifier les pratiques agricoles liées à l'utilisation d'intrants. Elles risquent cependant de ne pas être suffisantes pour atteindre l'objectif de bonne qualité des eaux d'ici à 2015. Cette étude souligne que les mesures n'ont pas toujours d'effets significatifs sur la qualité de l'eau, met en relief les contradictions de ces mesures avec d'autres politiques publiques et propose des pistes de réflexion afin d'intégrer les contraintes environnementales dans le secteur agricole.

Author: Jean- Claude Suzanne
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 80

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Author: Julien Talpin
Publisher: ECPR Press
ISBN: 1785520806
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 168

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Schools of Democracy offers a vivid analysis of the long-term impact of engagement in participatory budgeting institutions in Europe. While democratic innovations flourish around the world, there have been great hopes for their potential to revitalize representative government and solve the increasing apathy of the public. Based on a rich ethnographic study in France, Italy and Spain, this book shows how participatory institutions can encourage personal involvement, by creating the procedural and social conditions conducive to the formation of a competent and involved citizenry. Rather than deliberation itself, it seems that informal discussions and interactions between a diverse public allow mutual learning and the beginning of a political trajectory for people at the margins of the public sphere. However, this book also shows that citizens can become disappointed by the little decision-making power they are granted, as they leave the process often more cynical than before. Contains: A unique study on the long-term individual impact of engagement in participatory institutions. While most research deal with short-term impact, Schools of democracy addresses impact of participation after two years of engagement. Unique access to the black box of participatory institutions. While research on democratic innovations generally opt for an externalist perspective, Schools of democracy details the routine of deliberative interactions, showing how ordinary citizens speak up in public assemblies. From this perspective, the book offers incredibly rich empirical material – coming from ethnographic research – on how participatory democracy works. An original theoretical framework to the study of the individual impacts of participatory engagement. While most research are based on an implicit rational choice perspective, the pragmatist perspective adopted here sheds a different light on the studied phenomenon, stressing the co-construction of actors and their environment.

Author: Bihini won wa Musiti
Publisher: IUCN
ISBN: 2831706904
Category : Conservation of natural resources
Languages : ru
Pages : 344

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Book Description
This bilingual publication results from a four-day symposium aimed at capturing the general directions and analytical issues that characterize approaches to sustainable use in Africa. The papers included in this work are organized under four major headings: modes of use, devolution, scale issues and external issues. Authors explore these themes through the use of case studies and the description of specific regional experiences. External issues are further explored in a series of commissioned policy papers which have also been included.

Author: Jerry L. Hatfield
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0891183574
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 656

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Book Description
Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.

Author: Patrick Brouder
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131700955X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Book Description
Outlining the need for fresh perspectives on change in tourism, this book offers a theoretical overview and empirical examples of the potential synergies of applying evolutionary economic geography (EEG) concepts in tourism research. EEG has proven to be a powerful explanatory paradigm in other sectors and tourism studies has a track record of embracing, adapting, and enhancing frameworks from cognate fields. EEG approaches to tourism studies complement and further develop studies of established themes such as path dependence and the Tourism Area Life Cycle. The individual chapters draw from a broad geographical framework and address distinct conceptual elements of EEG, using a diverse set of tourism case studies from Europe, North America and Australia. Developing the theoretical cohesion of tourism and EEG, this volume also gives non-specialist tourism scholars a window into the possibilities of using these concepts in their own research. Given the timing of this publication, it has great potential value to the wider tourism community in advancing theory and leading to more effective empirical research.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251345317
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 81

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Book Description
The FAO Investment Centre provides a wide range of support services to help countries make more and better investments in food and agriculture. This review looks back at the work the Centre carried out with its partners in 2020. Despite a challenging year amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centre’s global team supported investment-related policy and sector studies to increase policy dialogue and contributed to the design, technical assistance, supervision or evaluation of investment projects in 120 countries. The Centre increasingly linked both its policy work with investment support to scale up impact. And it promoted greater knowledge sharing and innovation, while also helping to strengthen the capacity of people and institutions to make better investment decisions. The Centre continues to remain relevant by adapting its skills and expertise to keep pace with a constantly evolving investment landscape and fast-changing world and by advocating for more sustainable agri-food systems.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251045411
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 20

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Book Description
The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).

Author: Jean-Philippe Deguine
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9402411852
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 276

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Book Description
This book is devoted to Agroecological Crop Protection, which is the declension of the principles of agroecology to crop protection. It presents the concepts of this innovative approach, case studies and lessons and generic keys for agroecological transition. The book is intended for a wide audience, including scientists, experimenters, teachers, farmers, students. It represents a new tool, proposing concrete keys of action on the basis of feedbacks validated scientifically. Beyond the examples presented, it is therefore of general scope and proposes recommendations for all temperate and tropical cropping systems. It contributes to the training and teaching modules in this field and it is an updated information support for professionals and a teaching aid for students (agronomy, crop protection, biodiversity management, agroecology).