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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
The existing 36 channel Thomson scattering system on the DIII-D tokamak measures the plasma temperature and density in the core region. However, with the recent interest in core peaked density profiles, coverage needs to be extended into the magnetic axis. This paper addresses the technical issues involved with extending the viewing region from a major radius of 194 cm to 165 cm. At least one of the existing seven core laser beams will be rerouted to probe the plasma horizontally instead of vertically. To do this, a rigid extension of the existing laser/collection optics tower will be built to route the laser to a nearby tangential port. A fiber bundle array from one of the two existing core plasma collection optics sets will be rotated to allow up to 10 of the 36 core channels to view along this new beam path. A new in-vessel absorbing glass laser dump must be developed since there are no appropriate laser beam exit ports. The close proximity of this laser dump to the viewing region presents stray light issues that must be resolved to allow for an accurate density calibration using Rayleigh scattering in argon gas.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
The existing 36 channel Thomson scattering system on the DIII-D tokamak measures the plasma temperature and density in the core region. However, with the recent interest in core peaked density profiles, coverage needs to be extended into the magnetic axis. This paper addresses the technical issues involved with extending the viewing region from a major radius of 194 cm to 165 cm. At least one of the existing seven core laser beams will be rerouted to probe the plasma horizontally instead of vertically. To do this, a rigid extension of the existing laser/collection optics tower will be built to route the laser to a nearby tangential port. A fiber bundle array from one of the two existing core plasma collection optics sets will be rotated to allow up to 10 of the 36 core channels to view along this new beam path. A new in-vessel absorbing glass laser dump must be developed since there are no appropriate laser beam exit ports. The close proximity of this laser dump to the viewing region presents stray light issues that must be resolved to allow for an accurate density calibration using Rayleigh scattering in argon gas.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
DIII-D--Three of the seven existing core Thomson scattering laser beams were redirected to probe the previously unmeasured central region of the DIII-D plasma. Modifications to the existing collection optics system and support tower were made to inject the lasers and collect scattered light in this new extended region. Stray light levels were reduced to acceptable levels to permit Rayleigh scattering calibration on five of the six new channels, indicating that the new in-vessel dump operates well. Measurements of the plasma temperature and density from the plasma edge to the center are now possible. Peaked density profiles are now observed in this new measurement region. SSPX--We have completed the design and installation of a 10-spatial channel Thomson scattering system to measure the plasma temperature and density profile on SSPX. A single-pulsed YAG laser operating at 0.7 J and 8 ns is used to scatter photons into a 7-element collection optic that provides a spatial resolution of 1.5 cm at the outer plasma edge and 7.5 cm at the inner edge of a .5 m radius spheromak plasma. The collected light is then analyzed by a 4-channel interference filtered polychromator which has been optimized to measure temperatures between 2 eV and 2 keV and densities as low as 1 x 1012 cm3. We use an in-vessel beam dump and a series of entrance and exit baffles to reduce the stray laser light and provide for an absolute density calibration by Rayleigh scattering in argon gas.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 21
Book Description
This paper describes the design and operation of a 40 spatial channel Thomson scattering system that uses multiple 20 Hz Nd:YAG lasers to measure the electron temperature and density profiles periodically throughout an entire plasma discharge. As many as eight lasers may be fired alternately for an average measurement frequency of 160 Hz, or they may be fired in rapid succession (
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 17
Book Description
The DIII-D Thomson scattering diagnostic, operational since 1990, uses 8 Nd: YAG 20 Hz lasers to measure electron temperature and density profiles (40 spatial points) throughout the plasma discharge. Recent progress has enabled a new set of operating modes to better fullfill varying plasma physics requirements. Custom circuitry for laser control (programmable with los precision) has successfully replaced a previous scheme which used real-time 68030 software. Two new modes of operation have been demonstrated. Burst Mode is useful to study a transient plasma event: a series of laser pulses axe fired at a rate (less-than or equal to)10 kHz after an external asynchronous event trigger. Burst Mode is also useful to synchronize the Thomson lasers with other systems, such as an asynchronous Michelson ECE diagnostic scanning near 40 Hz. Group Mode allows a programmed set of lasers to fire simultaneously into the same (65 nanosecond) data acquisition gate. Improved signal/noise then yields smaller statistical errors in the profile results. This provides profile data for lower density plasmas, such as those anticipated during fast wave current drive experiments. Plans for a new CCD-based laser alignment system for position monitoring and feedback control will also be presented.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 15
Book Description
Local measurements of n{sub e} and T{sub e} in the divertor region are necessary for a more complete understanding of divertor physics. We have designed an extension to the existing multipulse Thomson scattering system to measure n{sub e} in the range 5 x 1018 to 5 x 102° m−3 and T{sub e} 5--500 eV, with 1 cm resolution from 1--21 cm above the floor of the DIII-D vessel, in the region of the X-point for lower single-null diverted plasmas. One of the existing 8, 20 Hz, ND:YAG lasers will be redirected to a separate vertical port, and viewed radially with a specially designed, f/6.8 lens. Fiber optics carry the light to additional polychromators whose interference filters have been optimized for low T{sub e} measurements. Other aspect of the system, including the beam path to the vessel, polychromator design, real time data acquisition, laser control, calibration facility, and DIII-D timing and data acquisition interface will be shared with the existing multipulse Thomson system. An in-situ laser alignment monitor will provide alignment information for each laser pulse.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 14
Book Description
The complexities of monitoring and controlling the various DIII-D tokamak systems have always required the aid of high-speed computer resources. Because of recent improvements in computing technology, DIII-D has upgraded both hardware and software for the central DIII-D control system. This system is responsible for coordination of all main DIII-D subsystems during a plasma discharge. The replacement of antiquated older hardware has increased reliability and reduced costs both in the initial procurement and eventual maintenance of the system. As expected, upgrading the corresponding computer software has become the more time consuming and expensive part of this upgrade. During this redesign, the main issues focused on making the most of existing in-house codes, speed with which the new system could be brought on-line, the ability to add new features/enhancements, ease of integration with all DIII-D systems and future portability/upgrades. The resulting system has become a template by which other DIII-D systems can follow during similar upgrade paths; in particular DIII-D's main data acquisition system and neutral beam injection (NBI).
Author: Gerardo Giruzzi Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9812705082 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 613
Book Description
The 12th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-12) was held in Aix-en-Provence (France) from May 13 to 16, 2002. This workshop was concerned with the interaction of electromagnetic waves and hot plasmas, a subject of great importance in the framework of research on controlled thermonuclear fusion. Using as a fuel a mixture of deuterium and tritium, which can be extracted from sea water, this is a very promising way to develop an intrinsically safe reactor. The workshop gathered approximately one hundred specialists in the production, use and theory of millimetre waves for heating and diagnostics of fusion plasmas.
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Author: Adam F. Falkowski
Author: Gerardo Giruzzi