Catalytic Microreactors for Portable Power Generation PDF Download

Author: Symeon Karagiannidis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642176682
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 122

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Book Description
"Catalytic Microreactors for Portable Power Generation” addresses a problem of high relevance and increased complexity in energy technology. This thesis outlines an investigation into catalytic and gas-phase combustion characteristics in channel-flow, platinum-coated microreactors. The emphasis of the study is on microreactor/microturbine concepts for portable power generation and the fuels of interest are methane and propane. The author carefully describes numerical and experimental techniques, providing a new insight into the complex interactions between chemical kinetics and molecular transport processes, as well as giving the first detailed report of hetero-/homogeneous chemical reaction mechanisms for catalytic propane combustion. The outcome of this work will be widely applied to the industrial design of micro- and mesoscale combustors.

Author: Christopher Cadou
Publisher: Momentum Press
ISBN: 1606503081
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 720

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Book Description
Recent advances in microfabrication technologies have enabled the development of entirely new classes of small-scale devices with applications in fields ranging from biomedicine, to wireless communication and computing, to reconnaissance, and to augmentation of human function. In many cases, however, what these devices can actually accomplish is limited by the low energy density of their energy storage and conversion systems. This breakthrough book brings together in one place the information necessary to develop the high energy density combustion-based power sources that will enable many of these devices to realize their full potential. Engineers and scientists working in energy-related fields will find: • An overview of the fundamental physics and phenomena of microscale combustion; • Presentations of the latest modeling and simulation techniques for gasphase and catalytic micro-reactors; • The latest results from experiments in small-scale liquid film, microtube, and porous combustors, micro-thrusters, and micro heat engines; • An assessment of the additional research necessary to develop compact and high energy density energy conversion systems that are truly practical.

Author: Symeon Karagiannidis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 127

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Author: Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012822634X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 486

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Book Description
Since fossil fuels suffer from dangerous side effects for the environment and their resources are limited, bioenergy attracted many attentions in various aspects as an alternative solution. Therefore, increasing number of researches are conducted every year and the processes updated frequently to make them more economic and industrially beneficial. Advances in Bioenergy and Microfluidic Applications reviews recent developments in this field and covers various advanced bio-applications, which rarely are reviewed elsewhere. The chapters are started from converting biomass to valuable products and continues with applications of biomass in water-treatment, novel sorbents and membranes, refineries, microfluidic devices and etc. The book covers various routes for gaining bioenergy from biomass. Their composition, carbon contents, heat production capacities and other important factors are reviewed in details in different chapters. Then, the processes for upgrading them directly and indirectly (using metabolic engineering and ultrasonic devices) to various fuels are explained. Each process is reviewed both technically and economically and the product analysis is given. Besides, the effect of various catalysts on increasing selectivity and productivity are taken into account. Biofuels are compared with fossil fuels and challenges in the way of bioenergy production are explained. Moreover, advanced bio-applications in membranes, adsorption, waste water treatment, microfluidic devices and etc. are introduced. This book provides a good insight about such bioprocesses and microfluidics devices for researchers, students, professors and related departments and industries that care about energy resources and curious about recent advances in related methods and technologies. Despite other books which review biomass chemistry and conversion, the current book emphasize on the application of biomass in the mentioned areas. Therefore, one can gain a better and more comprehensive insight by reading the book. Describes energy production from biomass, biomass conversion, their advantages and limitations Describes the application of biomass in membranes, sorbents, water-treatment, refineries, and microfluidic devices Offers a future outlook of bioenergy production and possibility to apply in the industries

Author: Alexander Mitsos
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9783527320813
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
Energiegewinnung im Mikromaßstab -- eine Alternative zu Energiespeichern (Batterien, Akkumulatoren) für mobile elektrische Geräte? Durchaus, wie dieser Band eindrucksvoll zeigt. Die einzelnen Beiträge, verfasst von international anerkannten Fachleuten, befassen sich mit Grundlagen der Energiegewinnung, Strategien und Designfragen bis hin zur konkreten technischen Umsetzung. Ergänzend werden Themen wie die Verarbeitung und Bereitstellung von Brennstoffen, die Steuerung von Stoff- und Wärmeströmen sowie Fragen der Wirtschaftlichkeit und Qualitätssicherung besprochen.

Author: Yong Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 468

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Book Description
Microreaction technology, with its unprecedented heat and mass transfer advantages as well as uniform residence time and flow pattern, is one of the few technologies with potential to develop efficient, environmentally benign, and compact processes. Novel fabrication and processing techniques, equipment, and operational methods are resulting in spectacular developments that go beyond "traditional" chemical engineering. These new developments promise improvements in process plants, and lead to the transformation of our concept of chemical plants into compact, safe, energy-efficient, and environmentally sustainable processes. Microsystems are now available in many devices for commercial applications including: micromixers and microreactors as alternative to batch production in pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry, lab-on-chip devices, microsensors, advanced rapid throughput chemical and catalyst screening tools (e.g. combi), distributed or portable power and chemical production, distributed heating and cooling, and even out of this world applications with NASA. A wide diversity of subjects are discussed in this book ranging from catalysis to fuel processing to combinatorial techniques to separations to novel reactors all of which are enabled by microtechnology principles. World renowned pioneers (Klavs Jensen, Volker Hessel, Jennifer Holmgren, and Galip Akay) provide accounts on both historical developments and the current state of the art as well as insights into future research and development in microreactor and process intensification. Research and developments are presented by industry, universities, U.S. National Laboratories, and other laboratories located in the United States and throughout the world. It is composed of peer-reviewed chapters from both contributing and invited authors. The review and original research topics include (1) introductory and general overviews, (2) microreactors- including catalysts for microreactors, fuel processors, milli-second contact time catalysis, gas to liquid technology, and biomass conversion; and (3) process intensification such as micro mixers, reactive membranes, and intensification of separation operations.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109386523
Category : Catalysts
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Catalytic kinetics and thermal management in fabricated microreactors were studied for the design of distributed energy and portable power production systems. Specifically, kinetically relevant experimental data was generated for the following chemistries: preferential oxidation (PROX) of CO in excess H 2, water-gas shift (WGS), reverse water-gas shift (RWGS), and H 2, CO, syngas, CH 4, C 2 H 6, and C 3 H 8 oxidation over a supported Pt/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The effect of wall material properties and reactor configuration was also determined through the modeling, design, fabrication, and experimentation of microcombustors for integration with thermoelectrics and enhancement of thermal stability from heat recirculation. CO oxidation over Pt was found to be structure sensitive, as the observed turnover frequency (TOF) rate increased with larger Pt crystallite sizes. A multisite, microkinetic model (containing reaction and diffusion steps) developed using density functional theory (DFT) energy barriers and thermodynamically consistent preexponentials for terraces (Pt(111)) and steps (Pt(211)) also predicts this trend. An excessive fraction of H 2 was shown to enhance and inhibit CO oxidation at low and high temperature, respectively. By increasing the CO:O 2 ratio in the presence of excess H 2, CO conversions above the equilibrium value were observed and rationalized with a microkinetic model. WGS and RWGS experiments were performed at high temperatures (where RWGS is favorable) and positive order kinetics were observed for H 2 O and H 2 in WGS and RWGS, respectively. In the catalytic combustion of syngas mixtures (1:1 and 1:3 for coal gas and methane reformate, respectively), high CO selectivities were observed at low temperatures. CO and H 2 catalytic combustion experiments were also performed for comparison purposes. H 2 catalytic oxidation was strongly inhibited by the presence of CO. Hysteresis was also observed at high H 2 conversions and is discussed. Kinetic parameters were estimated for lean CH 4, C 2 H 6, and C 3 H 8 catalytic combustion. The relative activity was observed to be C 3 H 8> C 2 H 6> CH 4 and the catalytic combustion of small alkanes over Pt/Al 2 O 3 was found to follow a homologous series. Thermal management of an integrated thermoelectric/single channel, catalytic microcombustor was studied using H 2, CH 3 OH, and C 3 H 8 fuels. Electrical power generation (maximum 0.65 W) with a thermal efficiency up to ~ 1.1% was measured. Thermal management strategies, such as heat recirculation, were exploited with fabricated microreactors designed via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for C 3 H 8 combustion. It was shown through both experiments and simulation that catalytic heat recirculation burners have similar stability to single channel burners in the limit of highly conductive walls. In contrast, for low conductivity walls, heat recirculation proved to be effective at increasing combustion stability relative to single channel burners.

Author: Adolfo Iulianelli
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128173858
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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In the last decade, the attention paid to the environmental protection has generated a considerable interest towards the development of new energy carriers and green energy production methods. Hydrogen as an energy carrier becomes a potential important source of energy due to its neutral environmental impact. However, its production, transformation and purification, presents a challenge in the so called hydrogen economy. Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes gives a comprehensive review on the present state of the art of the hydrogen production and purification using new and alternative technologies stressing green processes and environment protection. The book covers green processes, renewable feedstocks utilization and membrane reactor technology for hydrogen production in line with new process intensification strategy. The book is divided in four sections, ie fundamentals of hydrogen generation, its impact on environmental issue, new applications involving hydrogen and its storage and distribution. The main scope of this book is to offer a new horizon on hydrogen generation and utilization. It stresses the role of new technologies for hydrogen generation, including the “micro-reactors technology for portable applications , their combination with high temperature fuel cells, the role of gas-separation for both hydrogen purification and CO2 sequestration, the exploitation of renewable sources (biogas, bioethanol and other renewables feedstocks) in reforming processes useful to generate hydrogen, membrane and membrane reactor technology as well as membrane bio-reactors etc. Presents process intensification and commercialization of new and alternative hydrogen generation technologies Relates new hydrogen production methods to their environmental impact Outlines the fundamentals of hydrogen generation Includes new developed technologies for hydrogen transport and storage

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 1558

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1530

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