Carbon and Nitrogen in Headwater Catchments PDF Download

Author: Fransiska Kate Dannemann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156

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Author: Shu-piu Kong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Watersheds
Languages : en
Pages : 572

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Author: Shu-Piu Kong
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781361475577
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Christopher Dempsey
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781303290503
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 85

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Book Description
Headwater streams provide a critical interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Significant quantities of dissolved organic carbon are stored in soils and a portion of this is transported through river systems on an annual basis. This organic carbon is an important energy source for microbial communities and its quality has important implications for its availability and transport to downstream reaches. Prior studies have focused on dissolved organic carbon in large river systems. While important, these studies can be affected by anthropogenic influences and by large-scale heterogeneity in geology and vegetation across large watersheds. Here we provide insight into the export, quality, and fate of dissolved organic carbon in headwater streams. We utilized small catchments with varying land use types in Pennsylvania to assess changes to the quality of dissolved organic carbon during storm events and nutrient addition experiments. The agricultural site exports significantly higher concentrations of DOC per watershed area. During storm events we observed little change in the fluorescence organic carbon signal and an increase in SUVA254. Biolability decreased with increasing discharge in the forested watersheds. Nutrient addition experiments indicated an increase in microbial respiration with both nitrogen and phosphorous. Batch culture experiments show that much of the organic carbon transported in headwater streams is respired to the atmosphere as CO2. Land use is important to DOC export, DOC biolability, and bacterial growth efficiency, but has minimal influence on the export of aged DOC. Hydrology played a more important role than land use in controlling the export, availability, and fate of dissolved organic carbon in headwater streams.

Author: Stefan Schmutz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319732501
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 562

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This open access book surveys the frontier of scientific river research and provides examples to guide management towards a sustainable future of riverine ecosystems. Principal structures and functions of the biogeosphere of rivers are explained; key threats are identified, and effective solutions for restoration and mitigation are provided. Rivers are among the most threatened ecosystems of the world. They increasingly suffer from pollution, water abstraction, river channelisation and damming. Fundamental knowledge of ecosystem structure and function is necessary to understand how human acitivities interfere with natural processes and which interventions are feasible to rectify this. Modern water legislation strives for sustainable water resource management and protection of important habitats and species. However, decision makers would benefit from more profound understanding of ecosystem degradation processes and of innovative methodologies and tools for efficient mitigation and restoration. The book provides best-practice examples of sustainable river management from on-site studies, European-wide analyses and case studies from other parts of the world. This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of aquatic ecology, river system functioning, conservation and restoration, to postgraduate students, to institutions involved in water management, and to water related industries.

Author: Yowhan Son
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039367447
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Understanding the differences in carbon and nitrogen distribution and cycling both spatially and temporally using various approaches is essential in forest ecosystems. In addition, the influence of biotic and abiotic factors as well as natural and artificial disturbances on carbon and nitrogen cycling need to first be understood before drawing their implications to forest management practices. This Special Issue aims to understand carbon and nitrogen distribution and cycling in forest ecosystems for ecosystem-based forest management under different natural and artificial disturbances.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Eutrophication
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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Author: Jeremy B. Jones
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0124059198
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 566

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Book Description
Stream Ecosystems in a Changing Environment synthesizes the current understanding of stream ecosystem ecology, emphasizing nutrient cycling and carbon dynamics, and providing a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change. Each chapter includes a section focusing on anticipated and ongoing dynamics in stream ecosystems in a changing environment, along with hypotheses regarding controls on stream ecosystem functioning. The book, with its innovative sections, provides a bridge between papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and the findings of researchers in new areas of study. Presents a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change Provides a synthesis of the latest findings on stream ecosystems ecology in one concise volume Includes thought exercises and discussion activities throughout, providing valuable tools for learning Offers conceptual models and hypotheses to stimulate conversation and advance research

Author: The BACC II Author Team
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319160060
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 515

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Book Description
​This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years ago), changes in the recent past (the last 200 years), climate projections up until 2100 using state-of-the-art regional climate models and an assessment of climate-change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. There are dedicated new chapters on sea-level rise, coastal erosion and impacts on urban areas. A new set of chapters deals with possible causes of regional climate change along with the global effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, namely atmospheric aerosols and land-cover change. The evidence collected and presented in this book shows that the regional climate has already started to change and this is expected to continue. Projections of potential future climates show that the region will probably become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures and are expected to undergo further changes in the near future. The BACC II Author Team consists of 141 scientists from 12 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC II is a project of the Baltic Earth research network and contributes to the World Climate Research Programme.

Author: Thomas S. Bianchi
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400839106
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 417

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Book Description
This textbook provides a unique and thorough look at the application of chemical biomarkers to aquatic ecosystems. Defining a chemical biomarker as a compound that can be linked to particular sources of organic matter identified in the sediment record, the book indicates that the application of these biomarkers for an understanding of aquatic ecosystems consists of a biogeochemical approach that has been quite successful but underused. This book offers a wide-ranging guide to the broad diversity of these chemical biomarkers, is the first to be structured around the compounds themselves, and examines them in a connected and comprehensive way. This timely book is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and graduate students seeking training in this area; researchers in biochemistry, organic geochemistry, and biogeochemistry; researchers working on aspects of organic cycling in aquatic ecosystems; and paleoceanographers, petroleum geologists, and ecologists. Provides a guide to the broad diversity of chemical biomarkers in aquatic environments The first textbook to be structured around the compounds themselves Describes the structure, biochemical synthesis, analysis, and reactivity of each class of biomarkers Offers a selection of relevant applications to aquatic systems, including lakes, rivers, estuaries, oceans, and paleoenvironments Demonstrates the utility of using organic molecules as tracers of processes occurring in aquatic ecosystems, both modern and ancient