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Author: Adrienne E. Clarke Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642466419 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
Carbohydrate as the primary product of photosynthesis has a vital role in the maintenance of life on this planet. Until relatively recently, interest in complex carbohydrates focussed on their structural role in the extracellular matrix/ cell wall of animal, plant, and microbial cells and on their role as energy sources (e.g., starch and glycogen) and struc tural components (e.g., cellulose) in natural products. There was, however, indirect evidence that carbohydrates could play an informational role; this evidence was from the find ing last century that plant lectins caused specific agglutina tion of certain animal cells and, more recently, that the agglutination was mediated by interactions between the plant lectin and cell surface carbohydrates. It is now clear that endogenous carbohydrate binding proteins are important in cell-cell recognition phenomena in animal systems. Recently, impressive evidence has been presented that complex oligosaccharides, derived from cell walls, are also important in plant recognition events, for example in signalling the defence mechanisms of a plant to respond to attack by insects and microbial pathogens.
Author: Adrienne E. Clarke Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642466419 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 158
Book Description
Carbohydrate as the primary product of photosynthesis has a vital role in the maintenance of life on this planet. Until relatively recently, interest in complex carbohydrates focussed on their structural role in the extracellular matrix/ cell wall of animal, plant, and microbial cells and on their role as energy sources (e.g., starch and glycogen) and struc tural components (e.g., cellulose) in natural products. There was, however, indirect evidence that carbohydrates could play an informational role; this evidence was from the find ing last century that plant lectins caused specific agglutina tion of certain animal cells and, more recently, that the agglutination was mediated by interactions between the plant lectin and cell surface carbohydrates. It is now clear that endogenous carbohydrate binding proteins are important in cell-cell recognition phenomena in animal systems. Recently, impressive evidence has been presented that complex oligosaccharides, derived from cell walls, are also important in plant recognition events, for example in signalling the defence mechanisms of a plant to respond to attack by insects and microbial pathogens.
Author: Bertram O. Fraser-Reid Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540361545 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 2847
Book Description
As a reflection of the quantum leap that has been made in the study of glycostructures, the first edition of this book has been completely revised and updated. The editors give up-to-date information on glycostructures, their chemistry and chemical biology in the form of a completely comprehensive survey. Glycostructures play highly diverse and crucial roles in a myriad of organisms and important systems in biology, physiology, medicine, bioengineering and technology. Only in recent years have the tools been developed to partly understand the highly complex functions and the chemistry behind them. While many facts remain undiscovered, this MRW has been contributed to by a large number of the world’s leading researchers in the field.
Author: Roger Christopher Diehl Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
Carbohydrate-protein interactions play a central role in biology, but knowledge of the forces underlying them is limited. Carbohydrates are generally hydrophilic and therefore present unique challenges in their recognition. One underappreciated force involved in carbohydrate-protein interactions is the CH-[pi] interaction, an attractive interaction between the aliphatic protons of a carbohydrate and the [pi] system of an aromatic ring. In this thesis, I examine the fundamental nature, strength, and biological significance of this interaction, largely in the context of a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins known as galectins. In Chapter 1, I review previous knowledge of the forces underlying carbohydrate-binding proteins and the forces they utilize to bind their ligands. In particular, I focus on CH-[pi] interactions and galectins. In Chapter 2, I examine the forces that contribute to CH-[pi] interactions in the context of carbohydrates and aromatic compounds in aqueous solution. I find the CH-[pi] interaction to be electronic in nature, and demonstrate its selectivity between different carbohydrates. In Chapter 3, I determine the contribution of the CH-[pi] interaction to the ligand binding of galectin-3, a human carbohydrate-binding protein of medical significance. The data demonstrate that the CH-[pi] interaction accounts for a majority of the binding energy. In Chapter 4, I explore the biological implications of the CH-[pi] interaction in galectin-3. I demonstrate that the CH-[pi] interaction is critical for the biological activities of galectin-3. In Chapter 5, I propose several directions future researchers could take to extend this work. For three of four directions, I present the progress I have made during my studies. The work contained within this thesis demonstrates that CH-[pi] interactions play a central role in protein-carbohydrate interactions at both a molecular level and a biological level. Understanding the CH-[pi] interaction is key to explaining and predicting the activity of carbohydrate-binding proteins.
Author: D. Wade Abbott Publisher: ISBN: 9781493968992 Category : Carbohydrates Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
"This volume is a wide-ranging tool for studying protein-carbohydrate interactions that extend from traditional biochemical methods to state-of-the-art techniques. This book focuses on four different research themes: Part I describes methods for screening and quantifying CAZyme activity; Part II contains methods for investigating the interactions between proteins and carbohydrate ligands; Part III discusses methods for the visualization of carbohydrates and protein-carbohydrate complexes; and Part IV focuses on structural and "omic" approaches for studying systems of CAZymes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Protein-Carbohydrate Interactions: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource to the glycomics research community. In this continuously advancing field, the methods in this book highlight the biology of glycomics, thus driving biotechnological innovation and solutions for human health and sustainable resources within the emerging green community. ."--Prové de l'editor.
Author: M Corredig Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1845697197 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 713
Book Description
Advances in technologies for the extraction and modification of valuable milk components have opened up new opportunities for the food and nutraceutical industries. New applications for dairy ingredients are also being found. Dairy-derived ingredients reviews the latest research in these dynamic areas. Part one covers modern approaches to the separation of dairy components and manufacture of dairy ingredients. Part two focuses on the significant area of the biological functionality of dairy components and their nutraceutical applications, with chapters on milk oligosaccharides, lactoferrin and the role of dairy in food intake and metabolic regulation, among other topics. The final part of the book surveys the technological functionality of dairy components and their applications in food and non-food products. Dairy ingredients and food flavour, applications in emulsions, nanoemulsions and nanoencapsulation, and value-added ingredients from lactose are among the topics covered. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Dairy-derived ingredients is an essential guide to new developments for the dairy and nutraceutical industries, as well as researchers in these fields. Summarises modern approaches to the separation of dairy components and the manufacture of dairy ingredients Assesses advances in both the biological and technological functionality of dairy components Examines the application of dairy components in both food and non-food products
Author: Ajit Varki Publisher: CSHL Press ISBN: 9780879696818 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 694
Book Description
Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.
Author: Amika Sood Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Specific carbohydrate-protein interactions are crucial in numerous physiological processes, disruption of which has been implicated in many different diseases like cancer. This provides researchers an opportunity to utilize carbohydrates as biomarkers and targets for therapeutics for such diseases. There has been a tremendous surge in the research being conducted towards the development of techniques to analyze carbohydrates and their specificity and affinity for different proteins. However, owing to their complex three-dimensional structure, stereochemistry, low binding affinities and broad specificity, carbohydrates have proven to be challenging to study. Therefore, new techniques and improvements in the existing methodologies are required. Here, we show that the incorporation of experimental data into molecular modeling can be used as a powerful combination to gain an understanding of the structural features of proteins and carbohydrates leading to the specificity in their interactions. Firstly, hydroxyl radical protein footprinting (HRPF) was used to establish a relationship between the oxidation of amino acids exposed on the surface of a protein and their solvent accessible surface area (SASA). Oxidation, as well as SASA, are both directly proportional to the exposure of an amino acid to the solvent. This relationship was used to estimate SASA of residues of a protein in solution, which was then successfully utilized as a score to quantify the quality of models generated through a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and homology modeling. This relationship can also be used to study protein- carbohydrate interactions, which remains to be tested. Secondly, the functional groups of a monosaccharide essential for forming protein-carbohydrate interactions were identified by using co-crystal structures and per-atom binding energy analysis, which shows that not all chemically-equivalent functional groups are equally significant for binding. Lastly, the 3D structure of a group of monosaccharides was analyzed and it was observed that two monosaccharides can possess structural similarities depending on their alignment, which can be used to explain cross-reactivity between a protein and more than one carbohydrate.
Author: Adrienne E. Clarke
Author: Adrienne E. Clarke
Author: Bertram O. Fraser-Reid![CH-[pi] Interactions Play a Central Role in Protein Recognition of Carbohydrates PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/crZ3zgEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Roger Christopher Diehl
Author: Peng George Wang
Author: American Chemical Society. Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry
Author: D. Wade Abbott
Author: 
Author: M Corredig
Author: Ajit Varki
Author: Amika Sood