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Author: Ellen Hoffmann Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030799727 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
Bengaluru is one of the fastest growing megacities in India. As such, it provides an in-situ laboratory for studying rural-urban transitions. While urbanization is most evident in the changing landscape with increasing built-up areas, it comes along with changes in ecosystem functions, new economic opportunities, changes in social organization and individual attitudes and behavior. All of these processes are interlinked and mutually depend on each other. This book attempts to integrate studies from a wide scope of disciplinary perspectives and at different spatial scales under the framework of complex social-ecological systems. Agriculture is the prime example of a system in which humans interact with their biophysical environment, and the production systems in the rural-urban interface are profoundly affected by urbanisation. Intensification and diversification of agriculture are immediate responses to urban pressures and demands, and are linked as much to resource (over-)use as to commercialisation. Yet, little is known about the spatial patterns of agricultural transformation in areas of urban sprawl. The focus of the contributions here is explicitly on the interface, in-between the rural and urban systems. It thus differs from the urban-centered perspective of city planners as well as from the rural predominance in most of the agricultural research. In the present volume this focus is implemented by analysing samples along a spatial gradient representing different stages of urbanization. Ongoing time series analyses and a panel study will complement the spatial approach by a temporal dimension.
Author: Ellen Hoffmann Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030799727 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
Bengaluru is one of the fastest growing megacities in India. As such, it provides an in-situ laboratory for studying rural-urban transitions. While urbanization is most evident in the changing landscape with increasing built-up areas, it comes along with changes in ecosystem functions, new economic opportunities, changes in social organization and individual attitudes and behavior. All of these processes are interlinked and mutually depend on each other. This book attempts to integrate studies from a wide scope of disciplinary perspectives and at different spatial scales under the framework of complex social-ecological systems. Agriculture is the prime example of a system in which humans interact with their biophysical environment, and the production systems in the rural-urban interface are profoundly affected by urbanisation. Intensification and diversification of agriculture are immediate responses to urban pressures and demands, and are linked as much to resource (over-)use as to commercialisation. Yet, little is known about the spatial patterns of agricultural transformation in areas of urban sprawl. The focus of the contributions here is explicitly on the interface, in-between the rural and urban systems. It thus differs from the urban-centered perspective of city planners as well as from the rural predominance in most of the agricultural research. In the present volume this focus is implemented by analysing samples along a spatial gradient representing different stages of urbanization. Ongoing time series analyses and a panel study will complement the spatial approach by a temporal dimension.
Author: Ranjith Kumar P.S Publisher: Prem Jose ISBN: Category : Reference Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
The present study has been carried out in Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka which is one of the major agricultural production zone facing sever labour shortage and have scope for mechanization. The primary data for the study has been collected from the 30 CHS providers and 150 farmers. The study focused on characteristic features, farm machinery inventory available with different custom hire service (CHS) providers, economic feasibility, investment pattern, benefits in use of different CHS providers and problems faced by the farmers as well as the CHS providers in the study region. The results indicated that the government subsidized Non Governmental organization (NGO) operated CHSCs are following stringent norms in providing farm machinery services and payments towards services compared to other CHS providers in the study region. The NGO operated CHSC in Chikkaballapur had invested highest compared to other CHS providers. Irrespective of the CHS providers and region, the investment made on tillage equipments was the highest. However, the government subsidized CHSCs own maximum number farm machinery inventory compared to other CHS providers irrespective of the region. The feasible factors highlighted that all the government subsidized CHS providers are economically feasible and NGO operated CHSC in Tumkur is capable of generating higher returns. In addition, it was found that the farmers have realized 10 to 20 per cent higher returns from using custom hire services from government subsidized CHSC than other CHS providers. The non-availability of skilled labour, spare parts of farm machinery and repair and maintenance and local workshops were the major constraints faced by the CHS providers. While non-availability of machinery services in time, quality of farm operation and payment options were the major constraints faced by the farmers.
Author: Hamsa K.R Publisher: Prem Jose ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 69
Book Description
Agriculture sector still dominates the Indian economic scene by providing livelihood to majority of the population. In most of the developing countries including India, agricultural growth is a precondition for economic development. Agriculture and allied activities contributed nearly 50 percent to India’s national income. Around 72 percent of total working population was engaged in agriculture. Inspite of an impressive rate of growth in the GCFA, its share in the GCF in the economy has been found to be declining. Although some improvement was observed in the share of GCFA in the GCF of economy in 2001-02, at 8.65 per cent, it again fell to 6.96 per cent in 2010-11. Capital formation is usually defined as an addition to the stock of productive equipment’s over time. The terms ‘capital formation’ and ‘investment’ are used interchangeably though have some distinction. But at the present stage of development of Indian agriculture, an assessment of capital formation in the agriculture sector may miss many important items of investment which are not accounted. This is because of the fact that, majority of Indian agriculturists being poor subsistence farmers for whom farming is not a business enterprise but a mode of living, Capital investments on the farm generally take place through small bits of acquisitions and activities which lead to an improvement in their productive capacity. Sustained investment on productive assets in agriculture is a pre-requisite for augmenting agricultural growth.
Author: Hamsa K.R Publisher: Amazon Publishers, USA ISBN: Category : Reference Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
India’s demand for oil and gas has been increasing significantly in recent years boosted by its rapid economic growth. About 90% of the commercially produced energy in the world is from the oil, coal and gas, which are fossil fuels. India is one of the countries, with high usage of traditional fuels like coal, petroleum etc. About 85 per cent of the nation’s demand for oil products is being imported, So the foreign exchange reserved is being spent in large amounts on these imports and this is fatal to the nation’s financial progress and stable development. Domestically, there are limitations for the use of solar energy and wind energy as alternatives for petroleum products. In this regard, biofuels are a ray of hope to reduce the quantity of fuel import by using them as alternatives for traditional fuels like petroleum. India’s crude oil reserves are at 759.59 million tonnes and gas reserves at 1330.26 Billion Cubic Mt (BCM). At the present rate of use, India’s crude oil reserves are not going to last beyond 25 years. India’s crude oil import dependency was at 76% in the year 2011-2012. During the year 2013-14 the import of crude oil was 189.23 MT at 167.6 billion dollars.We import 61% of our need from from Middle East, 17% from Latin America, 16% from Africa (Indian Petroleum and natural gas Statistics, 2013-14).India is the third largest greenhouse gas emitter in the world with about 2011 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2014. The carbon dioxide is the cause of 60% of the global warming and automobile sector is the major emitter of the carbon dioxide, which can be controlled by switching over to the liquid bio-fuels.Bio diesel can also be produced from edible oil seed crops such as sunflower, groundnut, etc. However, since these are used as food, it will pose a danger to food security. Production of Bio-diesel from Non-edible oilseeds like Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata) , simarouba glauca and Neem (Azadirachta indica) contributes to economic growth through wasteland utilization, employment generation, entrepreneurship development, increasing share of organic manure in agriculture (Poornima.N.N., 2008).Biodiesel: It is methyl ester, formed by the Transesterification of the oil with methanol in the presence of catalyst (NAOH/KOH) to yield methyl esters, glycerol and oilcake.Transesterification: It is the process of converting the try glycerides of the oils into Methyl esters and oilcake.For 100 kg of seed, Cost of Biodiesel production is Rs.2364, recovery from byproducts is Rs.1485 and the price is Rs.43.95 per liter of Bio diesel for Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata).Among the Biofuel Plants, Pongamia ha more economic advantage in biodiesel oil production as its saves Rs.13.94 per liter of bio diesel over the Diesel as worked out based on biofuel unit data , UAS(B).One of the greatest advantages associated with biofuels is Low Establishment Cost , nearly zero maintaince cost and making use of marginal lands.And one of the main driving forces behind worldwide biofuel uptake are their alleged reduced CO2 emissions, and hence their potential to help minimise climate change. In addition to reduced GHG emissions, biofuels also have the potential to reduce emissions of key toxic substances usually associated with standard fuels and their impact on employment opportunities and the environment is Positive. Because of the problem of food insecurity edible crop can not be used for bio fuel production.
Author: James Price Gittinger Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
Projects: the "cutting edge" of development; Identifying costs and benefits of agricultural projects; Selecting proper values; Comparing costs and benetits; Applying discounted measures of project worth; Financial analysis cosiderations for agricultural projects; Source of assistance for project preparation.
Author: Keith Fuglie Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 9781464813931 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book documents frontier knowledge on the drivers of agriculture productivity to derive pragmatic policy advice for governments and development partners on reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The analysis describes global trends and long-term sources of total factor productivity growth, along with broad trends in partial factor productivity for land and labor, revisiting the question of scale economies in farming. Technology is central to growth in agricultural productivity, yet across many parts of the developing world, readily available technology is never taken up. We investigate demand-side constraints of the technology equation to analyze factors that might influence producers, particularly poor producers, to adopt modern technology. Agriculture and food systems are rapidly transforming, characterized by shifting food preferences, the rise and growing sophistication of value chains, the increasing globalization of agriculture, and the expanding role of the public and private sectors in bringing about efficient and more rapid productivity growth. In light of this transformation, the analysis focuses on the supply side of the technology equation, exploring how the enabling environment and regulations related to trade and intellectual property rights stimulate Research and Development to raise productivity. The book also discusses emerging developments in modern value chains that contribute to rising productivity. This book is the fourth volume of the World Bank Productivity Project, which seeks to bring frontier thinking on the measurement and determinants of productivity to global policy makers.
Author: Ashok Gulati Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811593353 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 386
Book Description
This open access book provides an evidence-based roadmap for revitalising Indian agriculture while ensuring that the growth process is efficient, inclusive, and sustainable, and results in sustained growth of farmers’ incomes. The book, instead of looking for global best practices and evaluating them to assess the possibility of replicating these domestically, looks inward at the best practices and experiences within Indian states, to answer questions such as -- how the agricultural growth process can be speeded up and made more inclusive, and financially viable; are there any best practices that can be studied and replicated to bring about faster growth in agriculture; does the prior hypothesis that rapid agricultural growth can alleviate poverty faster, reduce malnutrition, and augment farmers’ incomes stand? To answer these questions, the book follows four broad threads -- i) Linkage between agricultural performance, poverty and malnutrition; ii) Analysing the historical growth performance of agricultural sector in selected Indian states; iii) Will higher agricultural GDP necessarily result in higher incomes for farmers; iv) Analysing the current agricultural policy environment to evaluate its efficiency and efficacy, and consolidate all analysis to create a roadmap. These are discussed in 12 chapters, which provide a building block for the concluding chapter that presents a roadmap for revitalising Indian agriculture while ensuring growth in farmers’ incomes.
Author: Ellen Hoffmann
Author: Ellen Hoffmann
Author: Ranjith Kumar P.S
Author: Hamsa K.R
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Author: Hamsa K.R 
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Author: James Price Gittinger
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Author: Keith Fuglie
Author: Ashok Gulati