Canopy and Cropping Influence on Vine Growth, Physiology, and Cluster Disease Incidence of Seyval and Vignoles Grapevines PDF Download

Author: Russell Paul Smithyman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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Author: Maria Teresa Franco de Barros
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 516

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Author: Charles Edward Edson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 372

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Author: Craig Nathan Austin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Sunlight inhibits powdery mildew development through at least two mechanisms, i.e., UV radiation's damaging effects on the exposed conidia and thalli of the pathogen and through elevating the temperature of irradiated tissues to a level supraoptimal or inhibitory for pathogen development. Furthermore, these effects are synergistic at temperatures near the upper threshold for disease development. Improved understanding of the role UV-B exposure, surface temperature, and their interaction have on powdery mildew development may assist in better management of this disease through chemical and cultural means. Variability of sunlight distribution within vineyards was quantified via the enhanced point quadrat analysis technique (EPQA). Using EPQA the number of canopy shading layers and the fruitzone photon flux within individual vines were shown to have a significant correlation with fruit disease severity for those vines, i.e., less disease developed on clusters with more exposure to sunlight. Additionally, through use of a fluorescent tracer and EPQA assessments, deposition of spray materials upon clusters was shown to be linearly related to their degree of exposure. Thus, canopy management practices designed to optimize sunlight exposure of grape clusters for fruit quality purposes should significantly assist in the management of powdery mildew as well. These results underscore the fact that viticultural practices targeted primarily at general vine growth and crop quantity/quality issues such as; vine vigor management, pruning level, training system, basal leaf removal, and irrigation regime, can also significantly affect the development of powdery mildew.

Author: David Philip Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 284

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Author: Markus Keller
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0124200087
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 522

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Book Description
The Science of Grapevines: Anatomy and Physiology is an introduction to the physical structure of the grapevine, its various organs, their functions and their interactions with the environment. Beginning with a brief overview of the botanical classification (including an introduction to the concepts of species, cultivars, clones, and rootstocks), plant morphology and anatomy, and growth cycles of grapevines, The Science of Grapevines covers the basic concepts in growth and development, water relations, photosynthesis and respiration, mineral uptake and utilization, and carbon partitioning. These concepts are put to use to understand plant-environment interactions including canopy dynamics, yield formation, and fruit composition, and concludes with an introduction to stress physiology, including water stress (drought and flooding), nutrient deficiency and excess, extreme temperatures (heat and cold), and the impact and response to of other organisms. Based on the author’s years of teaching grapevine anatomy as well as his research experience with grapevines and practical experience growing grapes, this book provides an important guide to understanding the entire plant. Chapter 7 broken into two chapters, now "Environmental Constraints and Stress Physiology and Chapter 8 "Living with Other Organisms" to better reflect specific concepts Integration of new research results including: Latest research on implementing drip irrigation to maximize sugar accumulation within grapes Effect of drought stress on grapevine’s hydraulic system and options for optimum plant maintenance in drought conditions The recently discovered plant hormone – strigolactones – and their contribution of apical dominance that has suddenly outdated dogma on apical dominance control Chapter summaries added Key literature references missed in the first edition as well as references to research completed since the 1e publication will be added

Author: Hernâni Gerós
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118736052
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 400

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Book Description
Grapes (Vitis spp.) are economically the most important fruit species in the world. Over the last decades many scientific advances have led to understand more deeply key physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of grape berry maturation. However, our knowledge on how grapevines respond to environmental stimuli and deal with biotic and abiotic stresses is still fragmented. Thus, this area of research is wide open for new scientific and technological advancements. Particularly, in the context of climate change, viticulture will have to adapt to higher temperatures, light intensity and atmospheric CO2 concentration, while water availability is expected to decrease in many viticultural regions, which poses new challenges to scientists and producers. With Grapevine in a Changing Environment, readers will benefit from a comprehensive and updated coverage on the intricate grapevine defense mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stress and on the new generation techniques that may be ultimately used to implement appropriate strategies aimed at the production and selection of more adapted genotypes. The book also provides valuable references in this research area and original data from several laboratories worldwide. Written by 63 international experts on grapevine ecophysiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, the book is a reference for a wide audience with different backgrounds, from plant physiologists, biochemists and graduate and post-graduate students, to viticulturists and enologists.

Author: Markus Keller
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128167025
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 556

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Book Description
The Science of Grapevines, Third Edition reflects the latest insights into cultivar relationships, vascular transport, hormone action, and stress responses of grapevines. Based on the author’s many years of teaching, research and practical experience with grapevines and grape production, the book is completely revised and updated, presenting a comprehensive introduction on the physical structure of the grapevine, its organs, their functions, and their environmental interactions. While many concepts discussed are broadly applicable to plants in general, the focus is on grapevines, especially cultivated grapevines. This book enables readers to use these concepts in their own scientific research or in practical production systems. Scientifically grounded and integrating discoveries in other plant species, the book explores the physiological processes underlying grapevine form and function, their developmental and environmental control, and their implications for practical vineyard management. Improves user understanding of the impact of their management decisions and cultural practices Enables prediction of the consequences of actions in the vineyard and the diagnosis and mitigation of potential problems before they threaten the sustainability of grape production Includes specific insights on canopy-environment interactions, yield formation, sources of variation in fruit composition and environmental constraints

Author: Michael G. Mullins
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521305075
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Book Description
Information on the evolution, taxonomy, morphology, anatomy, physiology and genetics of grapevines has been scarce and thinly spread in the literature on horticulture and the plant sciences. This book aims to provide a concise but comprehensive overview of the biology and cultivation of the grapevine, accessible to all concerned with viticulture. After a description of the essential features of viticulture, including a concise history from antiquity to modern times, the taxonomy of the grapevine and the evolutionary processes which gave rise to the diversity within the Vitaceae is considered. Particular attention is paid to the genera Vitis and Muscadinia, which are considered a reserve of genetic variation for the improvement of grapevines. A description of the vegetative and reproductive anatomy of the grapevine precedes a full discussion of the developmental and environmental physiology of these fascinating and economically important plants. The concluding chapter considers the potential for genetic improvement of grapevines and includes coverage of the problems encountered, and the methods and strategies employed in breeding for scions and rootstocks.

Author: Andrew Gordon Reynolds
Publisher: Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 524

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