Calixarene Crown Ether Solvent Composition and Use Thereof for Extraction of Cesium from Alkaline Waste Solutions PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A solvent composition and corresponding method for extracting cesium (Cs) from aqueous neutral and alkaline solutions containing Cs and perhaps other competing metal ions is described. The method entails contacting an aqueous Cs-containing solution with a solvent consisting of a specific class of lipophilic calix[4]arene-crown ether extractants dissolved in a hydrocarbon-based diluent containing a specific class of alkyl-aromatic ether alcohols as modifiers. The cesium values are subsequently recovered from the extractant, and the solvent subsequently recycled, by contacting the Cs-containing organic solution with an aqueous stripping solution. This combined extraction and stripping method is especially useful as a process for removal of the radionuclide cesium-137 from highly alkaline waste solutions which are also very concentrated in sodium and potassium. No pre-treatment of the waste solution is necessary, and the cesium can be recovered using a safe and inexpensive stripping process using water, dilute (millimolar) acid solutions, or dilute (millimolar) salt solutions. An important application for this invention would be treatment of alkaline nuclear tank wastes. Alternatively, the invention could be applied to decontamination of acidic reprocessing wastes containing cesium-137.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A solvent composition and corresponding method for extracting cesium (Cs) from aqueous neutral and alkaline solutions containing Cs and perhaps other competing metal ions is described. The method entails contacting an aqueous Cs-containing solution with a solvent consisting of a specific class of lipophilic calix[4]arene-crown ether extractants dissolved in a hydrocarbon-based diluent containing a specific class of alkyl-aromatic ether alcohols as modifiers. The cesium values are subsequently recovered from the extractant, and the solvent subsequently recycled, by contacting the Cs-containing organic solution with an aqueous stripping solution. This combined extraction and stripping method is especially useful as a process for removal of the radionuclide cesium-137 from highly alkaline waste solutions which are also very concentrated in sodium and potassium. No pre-treatment of the waste solution is necessary, and the cesium can be recovered using a safe and inexpensive stripping process using water, dilute (millimolar) acid solutions, or dilute (millimolar) salt solutions. An important application for this invention would be treatment of alkaline nuclear tank wastes. Alternatively, the invention could be applied to decontamination of acidic reprocessing wastes containing cesium-137.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 109
Book Description
Results are presented supporting the viability of the alkaline-side CSEX process as a potential replacement for the In-Tank Precipitation process for removal of cesium from aqueous high-level waste (HLW) at the Savannah River Site (SRS). Under funding from the USDOE Efficient Separations and Crosscutting program, a flowsheet was suggested in early June of 1998, and in the following four months, this flowsheet underwent extensive testing, both in batch tests at ORNL and ANL and in two centrifugal-contactor tests at ANL. To carry out these tests, the initial ESP funding was augmented by direct funds from Westinghouse Savannah River Corporation. The flowsheet employed a solvent containing a calixarene-crown hybrid compound called BoBCalixC6 that was invented at ORNL and can now be obtained commercially for government use from IBC Advanced Technologies. This special extractant is so powerful and selective that it can be used at only 0.01 M, compensating for its expense, but a modifier is required for use in an aliphatic diluent, primarily to increase the cesium distribution ratio D{sub Cs} in extraction. The modifier selected is a relatively economical fluorinated alcohol called Cs3, invented at ORNL and so far available. only from ORNL. For the flowsheet, the modifier is used at 0.2 M in the branched aliphatic kerosene Isopar{reg_sign} L. Testing at ORNL and ANL involved simulants of the SRS HLW. After extraction of the Cs from the waste simulant, the solvent is scrubbed with 0.05 M HNO3 and stripped with a solution comprised of 0.0005 M HNO3 and 0.0001 M CsNO3. The selection of these conditions is justified in this report, both on the basis of experimental data and underlying theory.
Author: Jonathan W. Steed Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119582490 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1220
Book Description
A one-stop, comprehensive, and thoroughly updated resource for students, professors, and researchers alike Thoroughly revised and updated, the Third Edition of Supramolecular Chemistry delivers a comprehensive and integrated approach to this rapidly evolving and quickly expanding field. Distinguished professors and authors Jonathan Steed and Jerry Atwood provide readers with a broad and exhaustive resource that assumes little in the way of prior knowledge of supramolecular chemistry. Extensive new content on cutting edge research throughout the field including molecular machines and the mechanical bond, mechanochemistry, halogen bonding, and crystal nucleation accompanies full-color imagery and study problems designed to help students understand and apply the principles introduced within the book. Additional material is provided in the supplementary online resources, including solutions to the student exercises and PowerPoint slides of the figures in the book. Supramolecular Chemistry, Third Edition also includes: The latest research and developments reported over the last decade A unique “key references” system that highlights crucial reviews and primary literature A description of key experimental techniques included in accessible “boxes” for the non-expert Exercises and problems for students, complete with online solutions Full-color illustrations and imagery designed to facilitate learning and retention of the key concepts and state-of-the art of the field Perfect for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses on supramolecular chemistry, the Third Edition of Supramolecular Chemistry also belongs on the bookshelves of all researchers in this, and any closely related, fields. Academics, in particular postdoctoral students and professors, will benefit significantly from this text.
Author: C David Gutsche Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1847558194 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 291
Book Description
Calixarenes was the first book to be published in the `Monographs in Supramolecular Chemistry' series and is also the first complete survey available of this rapidly developing field. It provides a fascinating and lively account of the history, development and applications of calixarenes, which are probably the world's most readily available synthetic molecular baskets. These basket shaped compounds possess the ability to hold metal ions, as well as molecules, in their interior and as a result of their extraordinarily easy synthesis from phenols and aldehydes are receiving increasingly wide attention. This book is a must for advanced undergraduates and post-graduates studying bio-organic and supramolecular chemistry.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
A crown ether cesium ion extractant is disclosed as is its synthesis. The crown ether cesium ion extractant is useful for the selective purification of cesium ions from aqueous acidic media, and more particularly useful for the isolation of radioactive cesium-137 from nuclear waste streams. Processes for isolating cesium ions from aqueous acidic media using the crown ether cesium extractant are disclosed as are processes for recycling the crown ether cesium extractant and processes for recovering cesium from a crown ether cesium extractant solution.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 7
Book Description
The extraction of alkali metal nitrates by 18-crown-6, 21-crown-7, and 24-crown-8 ethers, bearing cyclohexano, benzo-, t-alkylbenzo, and furano- substituents, in 1,2-dichloroethane has been surveyed. Introduction of a furano substituent onto the macrocyclic ring of 18-crown-6 or 21 crown-7 ethers causes a significant reduction in both extraction efficiency and selectivity. Addition of an additional benzo group to dibenzo-21 -crown-7, to give tribenzo-21 -crown-7, decreases both extraction efficiency and selectivity, whereas addition of one or two additional benzo groups to dibenzo-24-crown-8 increases the extraction efficiency and selectivity for the larger ions Rb+ and Cs Detailed equilibrium modeling of the extraction by lipophilic 21 -crown-7 ethers indicates that the addition of t-alkyl substituents onto the benzo groups has only a minor effect on the extraction of cesium nitrate by dibenzo-21 -crown-7 ethers.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
Alkali metal cation extraction behavior for two series of 1,3-alternate, mono-ionizable calix[4]arene-benzocrown-6 compounds is examined. In Series 1, the proton-ionizable group is a substituent on the benzo group of the polyether ring that directs it away from the crown ether cavity. In Series 2, the proton-ionizable group is attached to one para position in the calixarene framework, thus positioning it over the crown ether ring. Competitive solvent extraction of alkali metal cations from aqueous solutions into chloroform shows high Cs+ efficiency and selectivity. Single-species extraction pH profiles of Cs+ for Series 1 and 2 ligands with the same proton-ionizable group are very similar. Thus, association of Cs+ with the calixcrown ring is more important than the the proton-ionizable group's position in relation to the crown ether cavity. Solid-state structures are presented for two unionized ligands from Series 2, as is a crystal containing two different ionized ligand-Cs+ complexes.
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Author: United States. Patent and Trademark Office
Author: Jonathan W. Steed
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Author: C David Gutsche
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Author: L. A. Bray![Alkali Metal Cation Complexation by 1,3-alternate, Mono-ionisable Calix[4]arene-benzocrown-6 Compounds PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/S2uOAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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