Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bulgaria
Languages : en
Pages : 158
Book Description
Bulgaria, Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
Author: Bulgaria
Author: Bulgaria
Author: International Monetary FundPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451804393
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
This paper assesses key aspects of Bulgaria’s competitiveness. The behavior of a variety of a real exchange rate indicators and export performance is also examined in this study. The Balassa–Samuelson effect refers to the impact of differential productivity growth rates in the tradables and nontradables sectors on the real exchange rate. The following statistical data are also included in detail: total and private agricultural production, income accounts, labor force, employment and unemployment, monetary survey, foreign assets of the banking system, and so on.
Albania, Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix
Author: Bulgaria
Author: International Monetary FundPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 145180444X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
The paper assesses key aspects of Bulgaria's competitiveness. The challenge is to stay on course and persist with policies that will maintain and strengthen competitiveness. Implementation of the ambitious reform policy with respect to the pension and health care systems is required. The reasons for and implications of low bank credit to the private sector in Bulgaria, and measures to facilitate prudent credit growth are discussed. The statistical data on the economic indices of Bulgaria are also presented in the paper.
Annual Report of the Executive Directors for the Fiscal Year
Author: International Monetary FundPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foreign exchange
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
State-owned Banks in the Transition
Author: Khaled SherifPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821354995
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 134
Book Description
'State-Owned Banks in the Transition: Origins, Evolution, and Policy Responses' reviews the experience with state banking over the last decade in the transition economies of Europe and Central Asia. State ownership of banking systems has undermined economic reform efforts and has distorted emerging markets. This study compares various approaches to reform and calls attention to the significant costs associated with continued state ownership. It concludes with lessons from experience and recommendations for policymakers on approaches to reducing state ownership of banks in the region. The findings indicate that restructuring of state banks has proven time consuming and costly, and governments are better off moving swiftly to privatize or liquidate their remaining state banks rather than attempting to rehabilitate them. This report includes seven case studies of individual state banks that have been reformed or privatized over the past decade. The case studies highlight the challenges of implementing various reform measures and illustrate how such challenges have been addressed in difficult economic and political contexts.
Financing Social Protection
Author: Michael CichonPublisher: International Labour Organization
ISBN: 9789221151227
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 702
Book Description
This publication considers the range of financing options available for the design of cost-effective and equitable social welfare systems, giving a thorough analysis of their advantages and disadvantages and their financial and economic implications. Written by practitioners for practitioners, the book discusses the design and maintenance of national social protection systems that seek to ensure effective and efficient use of available resources at the community, national and international levels while supporting long-term economic development. The book explores theoretical and practical policy questions, as well as looking at the policy process that determines the affordable levels of and scope of social protection in a given country.
Mainstreaming Ageing
Author: Asghar ZaidiPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351920960
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 864
Book Description
The Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA), adopted at the Second World Assembly on Ageing, is the first international agreement that specifically recognises the potential of older people to contribute to the development of their societies. In monitoring its implementation two key approaches are evident: a qualitative bottom-up participatory approach and an approach that uses quantitative indicators to monitor sustainable progress and policies. With the European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, playing a pivotal role in the monitoring of the implementation process, one of its key tasks has been to develop a list of 'indicators of achievement'. This book contains extended and revised versions of policy briefs and background papers that support the implementation monitoring process. The analyses included in these chapters make concrete suggestions towards quantitative indicators, with the aim of assisting national governments in mainstreaming ageing in their policies. The contributors provide an overview of the current situation with respect to population ageing and its consequences and also provide projections for the future. The book also includes the final list of quantitative indicators that arose out of consultations with international experts, related to the four main topics addressed: demography, income and wealth, labour market participation, and social protection and financial sustainability.
Western Balkan Integration and the EU
Author: Sanjay KathuriaPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821374737
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Book Description
This title explores ways for the Western Balkan countries to improve growth prospects through deepening of regional integration and improving selected elements of their investment climate. It analyzes areas relating to trade in goods and services, regional integration, and selected aspects of the investment climate. It suggests that countries in the region could reap sustained growth payoffs by focusing on deepening regional integration, improving human capital, reducing telecommunication costs and pre-empting energy shortages.