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Author: Karl Gurcke Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crafts & Hobbies Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
"The purpose of this study is simply to provide the information necessary for the proper interpretation of kiln-fired clay bricks found at archaeological sites. Bricks made of adobe, cement, or sand-lime are not included. Much of the emphasis has been placed on manufacturing techniques and the traces these processes leave behind, because they are a rich source of information that has been ignored by archaeologists. Brand names or trademarks found on some bricks have also been researched. This has led to the surprising conclusion that during the nineteenth century large quantities of firebricks were imported into the Pacific Northwest from England and Scotland. Size, color, and composition of bricks have also been examined. Extensive historical evidence as well as data from several archaeological sites complete the picture of an early and vigorous industry in the Pacific Northwest."--Preface.
Author: Karl Gurcke Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crafts & Hobbies Languages : en Pages : 348
Book Description
"The purpose of this study is simply to provide the information necessary for the proper interpretation of kiln-fired clay bricks found at archaeological sites. Bricks made of adobe, cement, or sand-lime are not included. Much of the emphasis has been placed on manufacturing techniques and the traces these processes leave behind, because they are a rich source of information that has been ignored by archaeologists. Brand names or trademarks found on some bricks have also been researched. This has led to the surprising conclusion that during the nineteenth century large quantities of firebricks were imported into the Pacific Northwest from England and Scotland. Size, color, and composition of bricks have also been examined. Extensive historical evidence as well as data from several archaeological sites complete the picture of an early and vigorous industry in the Pacific Northwest."--Preface.
Author: Martin Hammond Publisher: Shire Publications ISBN: 9780747800675 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
Bricks were introduced to Britain by the Romans and reintroduced by Flemish craftsmen in the middle ages. Until the early nineteenth century they were made in numerous small brickyards supplying local needs, but eventually increasing demand led to the invention of improved brickmaking machines and kilns. This book gives an insight into the surprising variety of bricks, as well as a brief history of brickmaking, descriptions of hand and machine moulding, drying, the use of kilns and firing. Despite competition from newer materials, brick still holds its own as a facing material and traditional methods still survive in the smaller yards.
Author: George V. Hutton Publisher: Purple Mountain PressLtd ISBN: 9781930098527 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
At the beginning of the 20th century, the valley was the world's largest brickmaking region with 130 yards employing 7-8,000 workers. The history of this once dominate industry is told for the first time.
Author: Md. Faruque Hossain Publisher: ISBN: 9781536172256 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 147
Book Description
"Over the recent years, the brick industry of the state has been facing competition from several other building materials. These include cement and cement blocks. In most developing countries, brick makers make only a unique type and color of brick, leaving the user very little choice. As a result, substitute products enter the market which have the same function but are cheaper, more regular and pleasing in look. These substitutes satisfy the consumers more than bricks do. Although in general, the output of bricks is quite elastic, in the sense that increased construction activities are closely followed by an increase in brick production, the brick industry does have certain challenges posed by competition from substitutes. It is evident from the fore going discussion that bricks face stiff competition from alternative building materials. Therefore, in order to remain competitive, the clay brick industry will have to contain cost, increase module size, reduce mortar usage and improve ease of layering in order to retain and increase market share in the building and construction industry. Bricks in general are preferred, even if they are of low quality, because of their inherent and perceived characteristics of strength and moisture resistance. The industry will therefore have to emphasize if positive characteristics and options in order to compete with the alternative building materials which have a similar function. The brick industry, being ancillary to the construction industry, is intimately connected with the growth of the latter. Any attempts for market assessment should therefore focus on estimation of demand, supply and price position in the construction industry. There is little doubt that in the foreseeable future there will be an increasing demand for housing, particularly in cities and urban areas. To provide shelter for all, all construction sectors, including traditional sectors should be involved in providing affordable housing for the urban as well as the rural poor people. If these poorer sections of the population are to be assisted to build durable as well as affordable housing, the focus of attention will have to be placed on the provision of suitable and affordable building materials. Unfortunately it appears that in developing countries, the major thrust in the building materials industry has been placed on the more modern building materials. However, in most countries there is a need for cheap and good quality local building materials such as bricks, wood, bamboo etc. These are the materials most people of these countries can afford. If locally produced materials using local resources are utilized, which are often renewable, the cost will be low and income will be generated at the local level. Therefore, the development of the local building materials industry must receive close attention and utmost care. The objective of the local building materials industries should be not only to make available the materials traditionally used by the low income sections of the community but also to modify production processes and construction techniques to enable construction of houses which are structurally more durable and functionally more adequate. However, this books deals with brick manufacturing and its history details to provide updated information to the readers. Therefore, throughout the book, different authors present very interesting works related to the brick manufacturing in home and abroad. There is no doubt buyers will benefit by getting an excellent piece of this book"--
Author: Carolyne Haynes Publisher: The History Press ISBN: 0750993596 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 346
Book Description
Bricks – such small and seemingly uninteresting things – have helped to build the way we live as society has evolved, from the feudal system of early Britain right up to today. Originally very expensive, bricks were only used by those who could afford them. This gradually changed with the Great Fire of London in 1666 when legislation decreed that the city must be rebuilt with non flammable materials, and bricks came into their own. A few centuries later bricks formed the infrastructure of industrial Britain as the need for canals and railways grew. But bricks are also associated with some of the worst slums this country has ever known, with poor bricks and sandy mortars indirectly causing misery for thousands of people. Our love affair with bricks continues today, with exposed brickwork being used to decorate both exteriors and interiors. But how are bricks made? What are they made of? Who made them and how have they changed through time? In Brick Carolyne Haynes answers these questions and reveals the surprising social history of bricks in Britain.
Author: James W. P. Campbell Publisher: National Geographic Books ISBN: 0500343195 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
“A brilliant collaboration . . . The hundreds of color photographs are stunning in their clarity and composition. Highly recommended.”—Library Journal This totally original architecture book—named 2004 Choice Outstanding Academic Title—follows the story of brick from 5000 BC to its use in building today, from the vast baths and basilicas of ancient Rome, through the wonders of Gothic brick in Germany and the majestic temples of Pagan, to its modern revival. Marvelously illustrated with spectacular, specially taken photographs, Brick is at once an historical account of how bricks have been employed by architects of every period, a technical survey of brickmaking and bricklaying, and an essay on architectural and cultural history. The authors have applied their expert visual and technical knowledge to more than one hundred themes, from bricks in ancient Egypt to their distinctive use by such modern masters as Louis Kahn, Alvar Aalto, and Renzo Piano. Great works of engineering—viaducts, tunnels, and bridges—are given prominence alongside great cathedrals, country houses, temples, and mosques, testifying to the incredible versatility and importance of bricks and brickwork.
Author: Jessica Jackley Publisher: Random House ISBN: 0679643788 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
In the tradition of Kabul Beauty School and Start Something That Matters comes an inspiring story of social entrepreneurship from the co-founder of Kiva, the first online microlending platform for the working poor. Featuring lessons learned from successful businesses in the world’s poorest countries, Jessica Jackley’s Clay Water Brick will motivate readers to more deeply appreciate the incredible entrepreneurial potential that exists in every human being on this planet—especially themselves. “The heart of entrepreneurship is never about what we have. It’s about what we do.” Meet Patrick, who had next to nothing and started a thriving business using just the ground beneath his feet . . . Blessing, who built her shop right in the middle of the road, refusing to take the chance that her customers might pass her by . . . Constance, who cornered the banana market in her African village with her big personality and sense of mission. Patrick, Blessing, Constance, and many others are among the poorest of the world’s poor. And yet they each had crucial lessons to teach Jessica Jackley—lessons about resilience, creativity, perseverance, and, above all, entrepreneurship. For as long as she could remember, Jackley, the co-founder of the revolutionary microlending site Kiva, had a singular and urgent ambition: to help alleviate global poverty. While in her twenties, she set off for Africa to finally meet the people she had long dreamed of helping. The insights of those she met changed her understanding. Today she believes that many of the most inspiring entrepreneurs in the world are not focused on high-tech ventures or making a lot of money; instead, they wake up every day and build better lives for themselves, their families, and their communities, regardless of the things they lack or the obstacles they encounter. As Jackley puts it, “The greatest entrepreneurs succeed not because of what they possess but because of what they are determined to do.” In Clay Water Brick, Jackley challenges readers to embrace entrepreneurship as a powerful force for change in the world. She shares her own story of founding Kiva with little more than a laptop and a dream, and the stories and the lessons she has learned from those across the globe who are doing the most with the least. Praise for Clay Water Brick “Jessica Jackley didn’t wait for permission to change the world—she just did it. It turns out that you can too.”—Seth Godin, author of What to Do When It’s Your Turn “Fascinating . . . gripping . . . bursting with lessons . . . Jessica Jackley has written a remarkable book . . . so thoroughly well meaning and engagingly put it is too magnetic to put down.”—Financial Times “Clay Water Brick is a tremendously inspiring read. Jessica Jackley, the virtuoso co-founder of the revolutionary microlending platform Kiva, shares uplifting stories and compelling lessons on entrepreneurship, resilience, and character.”—Adam Grant, author of Give and Take “A blueprint for anyone who wants to make the world a better place and find fulfillment in the process, no matter how scarce their resources or how steep the challenge.”—Arianna Huffington “This book is inspirational. And honest and practical. . . . Well written, thoughtful: a selfless account of how to succeed by doing right and following your heart.”—Booklist
Author: Norbert Baer Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317741773 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 516
Book Description
Despite the widespread use of brick construction throughout the world, there has been no major investigation into its deterioration and durability. This book provides the results of a major international study led by West Germany which examines the causes of decay in addition to the treatment and methods of conserving brickwork and historic mortars. The deterioration mechanisms discussed cover bio deterioration, salt damage and the effects of air pollutants and moisture on masonry. Considerable attention is also devoted to historic mortars and renders, their analysis, behaviour under the stress of air pollution and the development of compatible modern formulations. Conservation methods for brick masonry, including de-salination, protective coatings and injection grouting are examined in detail. A useful and extensive range of case study material is also provided. This volume represents the most comprehensive, state of the art overview of the conservation of historic brick masonry, and will be an invaluable source of reference for all conservation practitioners and researchers working in this field.
Author: Marc Michael Epstein Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 140086562X Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
A superbly illustrated history of five centuries of Jewish manuscripts The love of books in the Jewish tradition extends back over many centuries, and the ways of interpreting those books are as myriad as the traditions themselves. Skies of Parchment, Seas of Ink offers the first full survey of Jewish illuminated manuscripts, ranging from their origins in the Middle Ages to the present day. Featuring some of the most beautiful examples of Jewish art of all time—including hand-illustrated versions of the Bible, the Haggadah, the prayer book, marriage documents, and other beloved Jewish texts—the book introduces readers to the history of these manuscripts and their interpretation. Edited by Marc Michael Epstein with contributions from leading experts, this sumptuous volume features a lively and informative text, showing how Jewish aesthetic tastes and iconography overlapped with and diverged from those of Christianity, Islam, and other traditions. Featured manuscripts were commissioned by Jews and produced by Jews and non-Jews over many centuries, and represent Eastern and Western perspectives and the views of both pietistic and liberal communities across the Diaspora, including Europe, Israel, the Middle East, and Africa. Magnificently illustrated with pages from hundreds of manuscripts, many previously unpublished or rarely seen, Skies of Parchment, Seas of Ink offers surprising new perspectives on Jewish life, presenting the books of the People of the Book as never before.
Author: Karl Gurcke
Author: Karl Gurcke
Author: David Johnson
Author: Martin Hammond
Author: George V. Hutton
Author: Md. Faruque Hossain
Author: Carolyne Haynes
Author: James W. P. Campbell
Author: Jessica Jackley
Author: Norbert Baer
Author: Marc Michael Epstein