Brain Development and Thyroid Deficiency PDF Download

Author: Arie Querido
Publisher: North-Holland
ISBN:
Category : Brain
Languages : en
Pages : 68

View

Book Description

Author: Juan Bernal
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN: 9815274236
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 297

View

Book Description
This comprehensive textbook offers an in-depth exploration of how thyroid hormones influence brain development and function, particularly on cellular and molecular mechanisms. Readers will find current insights into the complex interplay between the thyroid and neurological systems, making it a valuable resource for researchers, advanced learners and clinicians in the fields of endocrinology, neuroscience, and developmental biology. The book starts with a review of thyroid physiology, setting the stage for subsequent chapters that cover specific topics such as the impact of maternal thyroid hormones on fetal brain development and the effects of iodine deficiency. From here, the book progresses to cover the regulation of brain gene expression, neuronal and glial cell differentiation, and myelination by thyroid hormones, and how thyroid hormones shape the brain. Finally, the book addresses the link between thyroid dysfunction and mood disorders. Key features - A thorough examination of the historical and the latest research findings through 14 chapters - Clear explanations of molecular pathways - Emphasis on both theoretical knowledge and practical applications - Detailed and research-focused content scientific references for further reading.

Author: Gilman D. Grave
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 398

View

Book Description

Author: G. Robert Delong
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461307651
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 376

View

Book Description
This volume contains the proceedings of a conference held at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda on March 21-23. 1988. jointly sponsored by the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) and the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health. Several themes converged to make this meeting timely. The first is an increasing awareness of iodine deficiency disorders as a world-wide problem of public health and a preventable cause of mental deficiency. and as a subject of scientific effort. Increased interest in these problems owes a great deal to accessibility to remote and under developed areas of the world where iodine deficiency persists. As with any subject. greater scrutiny yields unexpected complexity and interest. It is true that provision of iodine. typically as iodized salt, is the necessary and sufficient preventative for iodine deficiency disorders. without including endemic cretinism. This provision is a governmental, economic and social problem. Apart from this, however, the scientific and medical problem of iodine deficiency and its effect on brain development and function is one of great interest and importance for developmental neurology and psychology. Even though the specific preventative agent is known, we do not totally understand the neurobiological questions raised.

Author: Georg Hennemann
Publisher: Marcel Dekker
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 656

View

Book Description

Author: Caroline R. Hobson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24

View

Book Description
Thyroid hormone regulates essential processes in brain development such as neural cell migration, differentiation, signaling, and myelination, particularly during the early stages of gestation. During this time, fetal thyroid hormone accessibility depends on the placental transfer of thyroid hormones. Deficiency of thyroid hormone during fetal and postnatal periods may lead to permanent mental retardation and neurological deficits. Clinical studies have been conducted demonstrating links between maternal hypothyroidism and numerous neurodevelopmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, lower IQ, behavioral disorders, and psychiatric disorders. To investigate the effects of thyroid hormone actions on perinatal brain development potentially present in ASD, a literature review was conducted using PubMed, UCF EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar to obtain relevant papers for analysis. Across the board, abnormal maternal thyroid function, especially suboptimal maternal free thyroxine hormone, was associated with increased risk for neurological disorders, including ASD. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of managing maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy to possibly reduce the incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders such as ASD.

Author: N. Kochupillai
Publisher: TATA McGraw-Hill Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 346

View

Book Description

Author: John Dennison
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461402816
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 225

View

Book Description
Responding to a renewed interest in the growing problem of iodine deficiency worldwide, Drs. Charles Oxnard and Peter Obendorf, along with experienced translator and anatomist John Dennison, take a fresh look at the classic text, Der endemische Kretinismus, published in 1936 by Springer. Translated here for the first time into English, this landmark text will be a welcome resource for researchers confronting the problem of iodine deficiency. Oxnard and Obendorf point out that there is very little detailed knowledge or numerical data on cretinism available in the English-speaking world. In addition, highly-renowned Professor Basil S. Hetzel, recently-retired World Health Organization Chairman of the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, published in 2009 with Dr Chen Zu-pei on the resurgence of iodine deficiency in China. Indeed, throughout the entire developing world there may be as many as two billion people at risk to iodine deficiency; perhaps three quarters of a billion have goiter, and ten million may be cretins. Even in developed countries, iodine deficiency is re-emerging (as in New South Wales in 19% of children) with the result of significantly reduced numbers of gifted children (though this is not cretinism per se). Certain to be of significant interest to a wide range of researchers, health providers and professionals, including government health administrators, this English translation of Endemic Cretinism is a major contribution to the literature.

Author: Gilman D. Grave
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780783771267
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 392

View

Book Description

Author: Noriyuki Koibuchi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1493937375
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 207

View

Book Description
Thyroid hormone plays an important role in development and functional maintenance in the central nervous system. Deficiency of thyroid hormone during fetal and early postnatal life induces abnormal development known as cretinism in humans. However, the molecular mechanism of thyroid hormone action has not yet been fully understood. Thyroid hormone action in the brain may be disrupted under various pathological conditions. In addition, environmental factors including endocrine-disrupting chemicals and bacterial endotoxins may disrupt thyroid hormone action in brain, causing abnormal brain development and functional disruption. This is a first book to comprehensively describe the effect of thyroid hormone disruption in the central nervous system. The first section deals with the disruption of thyroid hormone action at the molecular level. First the authors provide a summary of the possible molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action in the brain, then they discuss several factors that may disrupt thyroid hormone action. In the second section, animal models to study thyroid hormone action will be introduced. An interesting character of thyroid hormone deficiency is that, without thyroid hormone, the thyroid hormone receptor may act as a “repressor” of gene expression, causing more severe consequence than those of thyroid hormone receptor knockout animals. Thus, several different kind of animal models may be used to clarify the role of thyroid hormone and its receptor in the brain. In the third section, human studies on thyroid disease and neurodevelopment will be introduced. Although endemic cretinism induced by iodine deficiency and sporadic cretinism by various thyroid mutation are well known, the pathophysiological mechanisms that create each abnormal phenotype are not fully understood. ​