Blockage to Fish Passage Caused by the Installation/maintenance of Highway Culverts PDF Download

Author: Daniel R. Kenney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Thomas J. McClellan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages : 326

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Author: Charles H. Clay
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 135145577X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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This new edition of the best-selling book describes the main types of fishways and fish facilities used around the world to assist the passage of fish over dams and other obstructions to their migration. It also focuses on the protection of fish (mainly young fish) from the hazards encountered in their downstream migrations. The book brings together the type of knowledge and research needed to decide on the facility used as well as its design and operation. It emphasizes the need for both biologists and engineers to collaborate in the design and indicates in what fields such collaboration would benefit fisheries conservation in the future. This is the Second Edition of the only book to bring together all of these topics worldwide under one cover.

Author: G. Michael Fitch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Highway culverts may hinder the normal migrations of various trout species in wild trout streams, due to increased flow velocity, shallow water depths, increased turbulence, and perching. This can impede migrational movements, affecting the genetic diversity and long-term survival of some species. Often, the proper installation of culverts can reduce the adverse effects on fish while maintaining hydraulic efficiency. This study characterized the problems with existing culverts to develop guidelines for the future use of culverts in areas with high gradient streams. Installation criteria will ideally limit the use of bridges where culverts are appropriate, and eliminate the use of culverts where they would create fish passage problems. This will reduce installation, maintenance, and retrofitting costs. The study concluded that culverts can be considered the primary option for crossing trout streams if the following criteria are met: the culvert can be placed on the same slope as that of the streambed the slope of the stream is less than three percent the flow velocity does not exceed 1.2 meters/second under normal flow conditions the barrel of the culvert can be properly countersunk at the outlet to prevent perching. Bridges should be used at these crossings if any of the above criteria cannot be met. Also, baffles should not be used to control streamflow velocities in new culverts, and concrete aprons should not be used at culvert outlets. If culvert bottoms could be cast to have a roughness coefficient equal to that of the streambed, this would allow greater use of culverts at stream crossings without impeding the passage of trout.

Author: Calvin O. Baker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages : 84

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The success of fish migration through culverts is dependent on the swimming ability of the fish and the hydraulic conditions of the culvert. Properly designed and constructed culverts can minimize the impact on fish passage. Because culverts are typically more economical than bridges, it is appropriate to evaluate when to use culverts and to predict the effects of such culvert installations. During the consideration of alternatives for structures for fish passage, culverts should not be automatically eliminated. This publication has tried to examine the aspects of culvert design and operation relative to the existing information that has been published in previous studies. Ideally, a culvert installation should not change the conditions that existed prior to that installation. This means that the cross-sectional area should not be restricted by the culvert, the slope should not change, and the roughness coefficients should remain the same. Any change in these conditions will result in a velocity change which could alter the sediment transportation capacity of the stream. A truly successful culvert design would include matching the velocities of the fish's swimming zone in the culvert to the swimming capacity of the design fish. Unfortunately, not enough research has been completed to make this an acceptable criterion of culvert design. This approach is preferred because it is easier to reduce the velocities in the swimming zone by increasing the boundary roughness than it is to reduce the mean velocity of the entire culvert. This publication contains some relatively simple guidelines which can reduce the installation problems of culverts in streams containing migrating fish when combined with the expertise of an experience fish biologist, engineer, and hydrologist.

Author: Thomas J. McClellan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages : 226

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 670

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 436

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Author: Chris Riley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages : 15

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This report summarizes the results of a BMP effectiveness monitoring grant study titled: Road Drainage Structure Monitoring of Physical and Biological Characteristics of Fish Passage Through Culverts on Northeast Chichagof Island, Alaska (EPA Grant 104b3). Results from a 1996 Regional Office activity review of Hoonah forest system roads identified the need for additional study on the effects of culvert design and maintenance on upstream fish migration. The objectives of this monitoring project included: 1) Identify physical conditions that impede fish migration at Class I and Class II stream crossings; 2) Sample fish use above and below stream crossings and estimate area of potential habitat loss associated with road related fish migration barriers; and 3) Identify maintenance needs and opportunities for restoring access to fish habitat." -- from the introduction.

Author: Willis A. Evans
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Culverts
Languages : en
Pages : 182

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